Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Rowing/Answer Key"

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[[Image:Skiff.jpg|right|thumb|180px|A classic flat-bottom skiff in Maine.]]
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:''For the fishes known as dories, see [[dory (fish)]]. For the Greek Spear, see [[Doru]].''
[[Image:Skiffs2.JPG|right|thumb|180px|Single and double Thames skiffs on the Thames.]]
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[[Image:gazela3.jpg|frame|right|A wooden dory used for cod fishing from the [[Gazela]]]]
The term '''skiff''' is used, and has been used, to refer to many various types of seemingly unrelated small boats.
 
The word has a complicated etymology: it comes from the [[Middle English]] ''skif'', which derives from the [[Old French]] ''esquif'', which in turn derives from the [[Old Italian]] ''schifo'', which is itself of [[German language|Germanic]] origin. The word is related to ''[[ship]]''.
 
  
One current usage of skiff is to refer to a typically small flat-bottomed open boat with a pointed [[Bow (ship)|bow]] and a flat [[stern]] originally developed as an inexpensive and easy to build boat for use by inshore [[fishermen]]
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A '''dory''' is a small, shallow-[[draft (hull)|draft]] [[boat]] of approximately 5 to 7&nbsp;[[metre|m]] (15 to 22&nbsp;[[Foot (unit of length)|ft]]) in length.  Variant spellings are '''doree''' and '''dorey''' (OED) and ''dori''.The [[British Navy]] spells it 'dorey'. Lightweight and versatile, these boats are used in the open sea for commercial [[fishing]] applications, as well as in [[whitewater rafting]] on interior [[river]]s. [[McKenzie River dory]] versions usually seat from two or three to four people including the [[oarsman]].
Originally designed to be powered by rowing, their form has evolved so that they are efficiently powered by [[outboard motor]]s.
 
The design is still in common use today for both work and pleasure craft.
 
  
The [[Thames skiff]] is a round-bottom [[clinker-built]] boat that is still very common on the [[River Thames]] and other rivers in [[England]] and featured in the famous book about a journey up the Thames, [[Three Men in a Boat]]. During the year, [[skiffing]] regattas are held in various river-side towns - the major event being the Skiff Championships at [[Henley]].  
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The hullform is characterized by flat sides angled approx. 30 [[degree (angle)|degree]]s from the vertical, and a bottom that is transversely flat and markedly bowed fore-and-aft.  (This curvature is known as 'rocker'.)  The [[stern]] is frequently a raked surface (a narrow [[transom]]) that tapers sharply toward the bottom forming a nearly double-ended boat.
  
Another current usage of skiff is to refer to a type of high performance [[sailing dinghy]], one that usually features an [[Spinnaker|asymmetrical spinnaker]] and requires that the crew use a [[Trapeze (sailing)|trapeze]] to help balance the boat.
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==Use==
Examples include: [[12ft Skiff]], 16ft Skiff, [[18ft Skiff]], [[29er]], [[49er (dinghy)|49er]], [[Musto Skiff]], and [[International 14]].
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<!-- Unsourced image removed: [[Image:dori11.jpg|frame|right|Portuguese fisherman in a ''dori'']] -->
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Nested stacks of dories were frequently carried on the decks of fishing [[schooner]]s out to the fishing grounds, where they were then deployed to lay [[longline]]s or tend nets.
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Until the first half of 20th century the dories were used by the Portuguese to fish for cod in the North Atlantic.  Single tripulated boats were launched from the mother ship and would often go several miles away, with no communications, in order to catch the fish with long lines.  The fishermen had to know basics of navigation and rely only on themselves.  
  
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More glamorously, dories were once used to travel dangerous [[whitewater]] rivers, where their superior maneuverability made them preferable over other watercraft available at the time.  They have since been supplanted in this purpose by inflatable [[raft]]s which require less skill and are generally more durable for collisions with rocks.  However, fishing guides on many western [[United States|U.S.]] rivers still use drift dories because of their maneuverability and ability to be rowed upstream.  Additionally, their high rocker and extremely shallow draft give them low resistance to the flow of water, effectively holding the boat in place for the prolonged fishing of holes in the river.  Typically [[salmon]], [[trout]], and [[rainbow trout|steelhead]] are fished for this way.
  
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==Modern use of the name==
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The term "dory" is also used for a different and otherwise unrelated type of modern boat. This is a rectangular [[plastic]] or [[fibreglass]] [[dinghy]] with a [[cathedral hull]], used as a working boat, tender, or fishing platform. The rectangular shape provides maximum space for a given length and beam. Its cathedral hull makes it extremely stable while still being easily-driven and hence reasonably fast with a small outboard motor.
  
==The Panga==
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==References==
The Central American/Mexican version of a skiff is generally called a ''''Panga''''.  The term "Panga" was used historically for any small boat other than dugout canoes.  Today it usually refers to an open "[[semi-dory]]" type skiff.
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*OED ''[[Shorter Oxford English Dictionary]]'' (1972 reprint)
 
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*British Navy ''Manual of Seamanship vol. II'' Admiralty (1952) p.743
Pangas form the backbone of the small-scale fishing effort in Mexico, Central America and much of the Caribbean. 
 
 
 
Pangas are usually between 19 and 28 feet in length, with capacities ranging from 1 to 5 tons and powered by outboard motors of between 45hp and 200hp. They are [[planing (sailing)|planing hulls]] capable of speeds in excess of 35 knots.
 
 
 
The hulls are made of [[Fiberglass]] or FRP, heavily reinforced by numerous [[bulkhead]]s and usually have [[bow (ship)|bow]] and [[stern]] enclosed flotation compartments. 
 
 
 
In the hands of an experienced operator they are considered extremely seaworthy. Most pangas are expected to have a working life of between 5 to 10 years if properly maintained. 
 
 
 
  
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==See also==
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*[[Cape Ann dory]]
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*[[Swampscott dory]]
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*[[Banks dory]]
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*[[McKenzie River dory]]
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*[[Gloucester dory]]
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*[[Martin Litton (environmentalist)|Martin Litton]]
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
 
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*[http://home.comcast.net/~dorypage/index.htm The Dory Page]
*[http://www.49er.org 49er skiff]
 
*[http://www.29er.org 29er skiff]
 
*[http://www.mustoskiff.com Musto skiff]
 
 
 
  
 
[[Category:Boat types]]
 
[[Category:Boat types]]
  
[[de:Skiff (Segeln)]]
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[[de:Dory]]
[[fr:Skiff]]
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[[fr:Doris (bateau)]]
[[nl:Skiff]]
 

Revision as of 01:54, 15 November 2007

For the fishes known as dories, see dory (fish). For the Greek Spear, see Doru.
File:Gazela3.jpg
A wooden dory used for cod fishing from the Gazela

A dory is a small, shallow-draft boat of approximately 5 to 7 m (15 to 22 ft) in length. Variant spellings are doree and dorey (OED) and dori.The British Navy spells it 'dorey'. Lightweight and versatile, these boats are used in the open sea for commercial fishing applications, as well as in whitewater rafting on interior rivers. McKenzie River dory versions usually seat from two or three to four people including the oarsman.

The hullform is characterized by flat sides angled approx. 30 degrees from the vertical, and a bottom that is transversely flat and markedly bowed fore-and-aft. (This curvature is known as 'rocker'.) The stern is frequently a raked surface (a narrow transom) that tapers sharply toward the bottom forming a nearly double-ended boat.

Use

Nested stacks of dories were frequently carried on the decks of fishing schooners out to the fishing grounds, where they were then deployed to lay longlines or tend nets. Until the first half of 20th century the dories were used by the Portuguese to fish for cod in the North Atlantic. Single tripulated boats were launched from the mother ship and would often go several miles away, with no communications, in order to catch the fish with long lines. The fishermen had to know basics of navigation and rely only on themselves.

More glamorously, dories were once used to travel dangerous whitewater rivers, where their superior maneuverability made them preferable over other watercraft available at the time. They have since been supplanted in this purpose by inflatable rafts which require less skill and are generally more durable for collisions with rocks. However, fishing guides on many western U.S. rivers still use drift dories because of their maneuverability and ability to be rowed upstream. Additionally, their high rocker and extremely shallow draft give them low resistance to the flow of water, effectively holding the boat in place for the prolonged fishing of holes in the river. Typically salmon, trout, and steelhead are fished for this way.

Modern use of the name

The term "dory" is also used for a different and otherwise unrelated type of modern boat. This is a rectangular plastic or fibreglass dinghy with a cathedral hull, used as a working boat, tender, or fishing platform. The rectangular shape provides maximum space for a given length and beam. Its cathedral hull makes it extremely stable while still being easily-driven and hence reasonably fast with a small outboard motor.

References

See also

External links

de:Dory fr:Doris (bateau)