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===Care of Dairy Appliances=== | ===Care of Dairy Appliances=== |
Revision as of 06:43, 11 March 2021
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3d
3e
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Hand Milking
Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Milk a cow
Machine Milking
Milking machines are used to extract milk from cows when the herd is larger than about 4 cows. The milking unit is the portion of a milking machine for removing milk from an udder. It is made up of a claw, four teatcups, long milk tube, long pulsator tube, and pulsator. The claw is a manifold which connects the short pulse tubes and short milk tubes from the teatcups to the long pulse tubes and long milk tubes. Claws are commonly made of stainless steel or plastic. Teatcups are composed of a rigid outer shell (stainless steel or plastic), which holds a soft inner liner or inflation. Transparent sections in the shell may allow viewing of liner collapse and milk flow. The annular space between the shell and liner is called the pulsation chamber.
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The descriptions of these parts can be found in requirement 6 above.
- Claw
- Teatcups
- Short milk tubes
- Long milk tube
- Short pulse tubes
- Long pulsator tube
- Pulsator
- Collection bucket
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Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary gland. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection from Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, E. coli, or Mycoplasma. It can have many causes, including by poor milking practices, poorly fitting teatcups, faulty milking equipment, and freezing. It can be spread to other cows when bedding is shared between an afflicted cow and a healthy cow. It can be prevented by vaccination.
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Mastitis
Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary glands. It has been covered in the previous requirement.
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10a
10b
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10e
10f
10g
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Care of Dairy Appliances
The milking machine gets the most use and abuse of anything on a dairy farm, yet is sometimes taken for granted. Proper equipment care will increase production and reduce frustration. Some farmers choose to have a dairy service perform regular checks and maintenance on their equipment, while other more mechanically gifted farmers so most work themselves. Most farmers take some middle path. From changing the milk filter every day to annual checkups of the whole system, it is important to follow the recommended service intervals. Even though a component like the teat cup may look fine, when it reaches the end of its service life it is developing microscopic holes that can harbour disease.
Keeping all equipment clean with water and food safe cleaners is very important as well to ensure the safety of the milk.
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This is going to be the hardest part of the honor to arrange if you do not live on a dairy farm.
References
- This article details how cows digest grass to make milk. http://www.dairy.edu.au/discoverdairy/Students/From-Farm-to-Plate/How-Cows-Make-Milk.aspx
- Wikipedia on Cow Feeding http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle_feeding
- Feeding by age/stage of life. http://www.ilri.org/InfoServ/Webpub/fulldocs/SmHDairy/chap7.html
- http://babcock.wisc.edu/node/150
- detailed explanation of crude protein. http://research.vet.upenn.edu/dairynutrition/ProteininDairyCows/tabid/3715/Default.aspx