Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Dams and Levees/Requirements"
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(+ Reqs. for Dams and Levees 2024 NAD Honor) |
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<section begin=Body /> | <section begin=Body /> | ||
| − | <b>1. <section begin=req1 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>What is a dam? Briefly describe what it does and how it is different from a levee. | + | <b>1. <section begin=req1 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:1--> |
| + | </noinclude>What is a dam? Briefly describe what it does and how it is different from a levee. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req1 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req1 /></b> | ||
| − | <b>2. <section begin=req2 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Explain how beavers build dams and why. How do beaver dams affect the environment? How else can dams be created in nature? | + | <b>2. <section begin=req2 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:2--> |
| + | </noinclude>Explain how beavers build dams and why. How do beaver dams affect the environment? How else can dams be created in nature? | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req2 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req2 /></b> | ||
| − | <b>3. <section begin=req3 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>What are the benefits of dams? What are some potentially negative aspects of dams? | + | <b>3. <section begin=req3 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:3--> |
| + | </noinclude>What are the benefits of dams? What are some potentially negative aspects of dams? | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req3 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req3 /></b> | ||
| − | <b>4. <section begin=req4 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>List five materials historically used in constructing a dam embankment. | + | <b>4. <section begin=req4 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:4--> |
| + | </noinclude>List five materials historically used in constructing a dam embankment. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req4 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req4 /></b> | ||
| − | <b>5. <section begin=req5 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>From pictures, identify the following structures and explain their features and application: | + | <b>5. <section begin=req5 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:5--> |
| + | </noinclude>From pictures, identify the following structures and explain their features and application: | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5 /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req5a /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Arch dam | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req5a /><noinclude><translate><!--T:6--> |
| + | </noinclude>Arch dam | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5a /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5a /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req5b /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Buttress dam | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req5b /><noinclude><translate><!--T:7--> |
| + | </noinclude>Buttress dam | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5b /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5b /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req5c /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Gravity dam | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req5c /><noinclude><translate><!--T:8--> |
| + | </noinclude>Gravity dam | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5c /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5c /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>d. <section begin=req5d /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Diversiondam | + | :<b>d. <section begin=req5d /><noinclude><translate><!--T:9--> |
| + | </noinclude>Diversiondam | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5d /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5d /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>e. <section begin=req5e /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Hydroelectric dam | + | :<b>e. <section begin=req5e /><noinclude><translate><!--T:10--> |
| + | </noinclude>Hydroelectric dam | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5e /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5e /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>f. <section begin=req5f /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Levee or dike | + | :<b>f. <section begin=req5f /><noinclude><translate><!--T:11--> |
| + | </noinclude>Levee or dike | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5f /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5f /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>g. <section begin=req5g /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Locks | + | :<b>g. <section begin=req5g /><noinclude><translate><!--T:12--> |
| + | </noinclude>Locks | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5g /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5g /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>h. <section begin=req5h /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Low-head dam (weir) | + | :<b>h. <section begin=req5h /><noinclude><translate><!--T:13--> |
| + | </noinclude>Low-head dam (weir) | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5h /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5h /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>i. <section begin=req5i /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Run-of-the-river dam | + | :<b>i. <section begin=req5i /><noinclude><translate><!--T:14--> |
| + | </noinclude>Run-of-the-river dam | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5i /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5i /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>j. <section begin=req5j /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Saddle dam | + | :<b>j. <section begin=req5j /><noinclude><translate><!--T:15--> |
| + | </noinclude>Saddle dam | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5j /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req5j /></b> | ||
| − | <b>6. <section begin=req6 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Know the following terms to be able to explain it to someone unfamiliar with dams and levees: | + | <b>6. <section begin=req6 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:16--> |
| + | </noinclude>Know the following terms to be able to explain it to someone unfamiliar with dams and levees: | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6 /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req6a /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Cut-off trench | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req6a /><noinclude><translate><!--T:17--> |
| + | </noinclude>Cut-off trench | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6a /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6a /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req6b /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Fish passage/ladder | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req6b /><noinclude><translate><!--T:18--> |
| + | </noinclude>Fish passage/ladder | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6b /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6b /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req6c /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Rock toe | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req6c /><noinclude><translate><!--T:19--> |
| + | </noinclude>Rock toe | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6c /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6c /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>d. <section begin=req6d /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Spillway | + | :<b>d. <section begin=req6d /><noinclude><translate><!--T:20--> |
| + | </noinclude>Spillway | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6d /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6d /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>e. <section begin=req6e /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Piping | + | :<b>e. <section begin=req6e /><noinclude><translate><!--T:21--> |
| + | </noinclude>Piping | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6e /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req6e /></b> | ||
| − | <b>7. <section begin=req7 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Explain why someone should consider a low-head dam dangerous and avoid it while canoeing, kayaking or swimming. | + | <b>7. <section begin=req7 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:22--> |
| + | </noinclude>Explain why someone should consider a low-head dam dangerous and avoid it while canoeing, kayaking or swimming. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req7 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req7 /></b> | ||
<section begin=challenge /> | <section begin=challenge /> | ||
| − | <b>8. <section begin=req8 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Dams are complicated structures. How do the following issues affect the consideration, design or construction of a dam? | + | <b>8. <section begin=req8 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:23--> |
| + | </noinclude>Dams are complicated structures. How do the following issues affect the consideration, design or construction of a dam? | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8 /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req8a /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Wildlife | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req8a /><noinclude><translate><!--T:24--> |
| + | </noinclude>Wildlife | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8a /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8a /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req8b /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Water quality | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req8b /><noinclude><translate><!--T:25--> |
| + | </noinclude>Water quality | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8b /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8b /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req8c /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Emergency spillway | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req8c /><noinclude><translate><!--T:26--> |
| + | </noinclude>Emergency spillway | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8c /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8c /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>d. <section begin=req8d /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Emergency action plan | + | :<b>d. <section begin=req8d /><noinclude><translate><!--T:27--> |
| + | </noinclude>Emergency action plan | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8d /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8d /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>e. <section begin=req8e /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Safety | + | :<b>e. <section begin=req8e /><noinclude><translate><!--T:28--> |
| + | </noinclude>Safety | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8e /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8e /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>f. <section begin=req8f /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Geotechnical investigations | + | :<b>f. <section begin=req8f /><noinclude><translate><!--T:29--> |
| + | </noinclude>Geotechnical investigations | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8f /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8f /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>g. <section begin=req8g /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Discharge structure | + | :<b>g. <section begin=req8g /><noinclude><translate><!--T:30--> |
| + | </noinclude>Discharge structure | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8g /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8g /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>h. <section begin=req8h /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Slope stability | + | :<b>h. <section begin=req8h /><noinclude><translate><!--T:31--> |
| + | </noinclude>Slope stability | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8h /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8h /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>i. <section begin=req8i /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Hydrology and hydrologic analysis | + | :<b>i. <section begin=req8i /><noinclude><translate><!--T:32--> |
| + | </noinclude>Hydrology and hydrologic analysis | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8i /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8i /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>j. <section begin=req8j /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Flow net analysis | + | :<b>j. <section begin=req8j /><noinclude><translate><!--T:33--> |
| + | </noinclude>Flow net analysis | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8j /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8j /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>k. <section begin=req8k /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Permitting | + | :<b>k. <section begin=req8k /><noinclude><translate><!--T:34--> |
| + | </noinclude>Permitting | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8k /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req8k /></b> | ||
<section end=challenge /> | <section end=challenge /> | ||
| − | <b>9. <section begin=req9 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Research or interview an engineer or other expert on dam safety. Have the expert explain the inspection techniques that they use to identify a failing dam. | + | <b>9. <section begin=req9 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:35--> |
| + | </noinclude>Research or interview an engineer or other expert on dam safety. Have the expert explain the inspection techniques that they use to identify a failing dam. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req9 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req9 /></b> | ||
| − | <b>10. <section begin=req10 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Do one of the following: | + | <b>10. <section begin=req10 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:36--> |
| + | </noinclude>Do one of the following: | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10 /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req10a /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Research and/or visit a fish passage/ladder for a dam structure and design/sketch one for a dam near you. | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req10a /><noinclude><translate><!--T:37--> |
| + | </noinclude>Research and/or visit a fish passage/ladder for a dam structure and design/sketch one for a dam near you. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10a /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10a /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req10b /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Research and/or visit a locks system. Using materials of your choice, construct a model of a lock system with moving parts. | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req10b /><noinclude><translate><!--T:38--> |
| + | </noinclude>Research and/or visit a locks system. Using materials of your choice, construct a model of a lock system with moving parts. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10b /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10b /></b> | ||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req10c /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Using contour maps, design a dam for a local stream and do/answer the following: | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req10c /><noinclude><translate><!--T:39--> |
| + | </noinclude>Using contour maps, design a dam for a local stream and do/answer the following: | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10c /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10c /></b> | ||
| − | ::<b>i. <section begin=req10ci /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Draw a plan view and cross section(s) of your dam showing spillway, emergency spillway, crest, slope angles, toe of slopes, normal high-water elevation and other pertinent features. | + | ::<b>i. <section begin=req10ci /><noinclude><translate><!--T:40--> |
| + | </noinclude>Draw a plan view and cross section(s) of your dam showing spillway, emergency spillway, crest, slope angles, toe of slopes, normal high-water elevation and other pertinent features. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10ci /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10ci /></b> | ||
| − | ::<b>ii. <section begin=req10cii /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>What type of dam did you select and why? | + | ::<b>ii. <section begin=req10cii /><noinclude><translate><!--T:41--> |
| + | </noinclude>What type of dam did you select and why? | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10cii /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10cii /></b> | ||
| − | ::<b>iii. <section begin=req10ciii /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>What is the Hydraulic Head of your dam? | + | ::<b>iii. <section begin=req10ciii /><noinclude><translate><!--T:42--> |
| + | </noinclude>What is the Hydraulic Head of your dam? | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10ciii /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10ciii /></b> | ||
| − | ::<b>iv. <section begin=req10civ /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Outline the limits of the watershed that is tributary to your dam. | + | ::<b>iv. <section begin=req10civ /><noinclude><translate><!--T:43--> |
| + | </noinclude>Outline the limits of the watershed that is tributary to your dam. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10civ /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10civ /></b> | ||
| − | ::<b>v. <section begin=req10cv /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>How large (surface area and volume) of a reservoir will be impounded by your dam? | + | ::<b>v. <section begin=req10cv /><noinclude><translate><!--T:44--> |
| + | </noinclude>How large (surface area and volume) of a reservoir will be impounded by your dam? | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10cv /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req10cv /></b> | ||
| − | <b>11. <section begin=req11 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Read Daniel 5 and research how Darius the Mede captured Babylon. Find two other places in the Bible where dams or the control of water are mentioned. | + | <b>11. <section begin=req11 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:45--> |
| + | </noinclude>Read Daniel 5 and research how Darius the Mede captured Babylon. Find two other places in the Bible where dams or the control of water are mentioned. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req11 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req11 /></b> | ||
| − | <b>12. <section begin=req12 /><noinclude><translate></noinclude>Share a devotional with your Pathfinder club on a spiritual lesson that you learned while studying this honor. | + | <b>12. <section begin=req12 /><noinclude><translate><!--T:46--> |
| + | </noinclude>Share a devotional with your Pathfinder club on a spiritual lesson that you learned while studying this honor. | ||
<noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req12 /></b> | <noinclude></translate></noinclude><section end=req12 /></b> | ||
<section end=Body /> | <section end=Body /> | ||
Revision as of 21:22, 22 March 2024
Dams and Levees
Skill Level
2
Year
2024
Version
21.05.2024
Approval authority
North American Division
1. What is a dam? Briefly describe what it does and how it is different from a levee.
2. Explain how beavers build dams and why. How do beaver dams affect the environment? How else can dams be created in nature?
3. What are the benefits of dams? What are some potentially negative aspects of dams?
4. List five materials historically used in constructing a dam embankment.
5. From pictures, identify the following structures and explain their features and application:
- a. Arch dam
- b. Buttress dam
- c. Gravity dam
- d. Diversiondam
- e. Hydroelectric dam
- f. Levee or dike
- g. Locks
- h. Low-head dam (weir)
- i. Run-of-the-river dam
- j. Saddle dam
6. Know the following terms to be able to explain it to someone unfamiliar with dams and levees:
- a. Cut-off trench
- b. Fish passage/ladder
- c. Rock toe
- d. Spillway
- e. Piping
7. Explain why someone should consider a low-head dam dangerous and avoid it while canoeing, kayaking or swimming.
8. Dams are complicated structures. How do the following issues affect the consideration, design or construction of a dam?
- a. Wildlife
- b. Water quality
- c. Emergency spillway
- d. Emergency action plan
- e. Safety
- f. Geotechnical investigations
- g. Discharge structure
- h. Slope stability
- i. Hydrology and hydrologic analysis
- j. Flow net analysis
- k. Permitting
9. Research or interview an engineer or other expert on dam safety. Have the expert explain the inspection techniques that they use to identify a failing dam.
10. Do one of the following:
- a. Research and/or visit a fish passage/ladder for a dam structure and design/sketch one for a dam near you.
- b. Research and/or visit a locks system. Using materials of your choice, construct a model of a lock system with moving parts.
- c. Using contour maps, design a dam for a local stream and do/answer the following:
- i. Draw a plan view and cross section(s) of your dam showing spillway, emergency spillway, crest, slope angles, toe of slopes, normal high-water elevation and other pertinent features.
- ii. What type of dam did you select and why?
- iii. What is the Hydraulic Head of your dam?
- iv. Outline the limits of the watershed that is tributary to your dam.
- v. How large (surface area and volume) of a reservoir will be impounded by your dam?
11. Read Daniel 5 and research how Darius the Mede captured Babylon. Find two other places in the Bible where dams or the control of water are mentioned.
12. Share a devotional with your Pathfinder club on a spiritual lesson that you learned while studying this honor.
