Difference between pages "AY Honors/Shrubs - Advanced/Answer Key" and "AY Honors/Welding/Answer Key"

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< AY Honors‎ | Shrubs - AdvancedAY Honors/Shrubs - Advanced/Answer Key / (Difference between pages)
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{{honor_desc
 
{{honor_desc
 
|stage=50
 
|stage=50
−
|honorname=Shrubs - Advanced
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|honorname=Welding (General Conference)
−
|skill=2
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|skill=3
−
|year=2012
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|year=1978
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|category=Nature
+
|category=Vocational
−
|authority=South American Division
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|authority=General Conference
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|insignia=Shrubs - Advanced Honor.png
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|insignia=Welding_Honor.png
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|insignia_source=SAD
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|primary=Adventist_Youth_Honors_Answer_Book/Vocational/Welding
 
}}
 
}}
  
−
==1. Have the Shrubs honor.== <!--T:2-->
+
<!--T:55-->
−
{{honor_prerequisite|category=Nature|honor=Shrubs}}
+
{{Honor Master|honor={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|1|3}}|master=Technician}}
 +
 
 +
==(Instructor Required) == <!--T:2-->
 +
The Welding Honor is perhaps of all the AY honors, the one with the greatest potential to cause injury. If done wrong you can also create unsafe equipment (see requirement note at end) '''''Do not attempt to teach yourself how to weld.'''''  An experienced instructor is absolutely required for this honor.
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<!-- 1. Identify all parts of the following: -->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1a}} <!--T:56-->
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 +
<!--T:4-->
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A welding torch has a nozzle with one hole. The torch body mixes oxygen and acetylene, and you get your flame.
  
−
==2. Know what ornamental shrubs are and discover at least one technique for decorating shrubs.== <!--T:3-->
+
<!--T:5-->
 +
A cutting torch has several nozzles arranged in a circle, which emit an oxygen/acetylene mix (like the welding torch). In the center of this circle of nozzles is a larger hole where only oxygen is emitted. The outer holes heat the steel, and the inner hole cuts.
  
−
This requirement covers two different concepts.
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Ornamental Shrubs are any of a wide variety of shrubs selected for use in landscaping because of their pleasing look as opposed to shrubs that are grown primarily for a food source. Ornamental shrubs may have interesting flowers, leaves or bark or because they are generally visually appealing.  
+
<!--T:7-->
 +
The pressure regulators enable the user to reduce the high pressure contained in the cylinder to a usable working pressure. There are several handling and set up procedures that are important to the overall operation of the pressure regulator. The pressure regulator on each tank shows two things:
  
−
Some shrubs may be used in rows to create a good screen between land uses (for privacy, security, to hide an undesirable view or reduce sound transfer from a street). Shrubs are often planted in rows to delineate property lines, serving as a sort of living fence. Landscaping guidelines issued by cities for specific developments or planning zones often require a certain number of ornamental trees and shrubs per property or sq meter of landscaping. 
+
<!--T:8-->
 +
* Cylinder pressure (How much gas is in the cylinder)
 +
* Working or line pressure
  
−
Decorating your shrubs is a different idea. Some people like to put strings of lights on their shrubs, especially around Christmas. Perhaps in your area there are other customs that involve decorating shrubs for some special occasion.
+
<!--T:9-->
 +
Installing the regulators
  
−
==3. Care for a shrub for at least one month and report on the different methods of care.== <!--T:4-->
+
<!--T:10-->
 +
* Before installing the regulator, crack the cylinder valve to clean out any dirt or dust.
 +
* Mount the regulator onto the cylinder.
 +
* Ensure that the oxygen pressure regulator is on the oxygen tank.
 +
* Do not over tighten regulator nut.
 +
* Before opening the cylinder valve ensure that the pressure regulator screws are released (turned out).
 +
* Never use oil or grease on the regulators.
 +
* Frictional heat as a result of high pressures can cause oil to ignite and possibly cause an explosion.
  
−
You should go read up on the care of the specific shrub you plan to care for, but some general guidelines follow.
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1c}} <!--T:11-->
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Oxygen hoses are green. Acetylene hoses are red.
  
−
Shrubs just for landscaping do not generally need a lot of care, but if you are growing fruit or getting a new shrub established there are some things you should do including:
+
<!--T:12-->
 +
;Hoses:
 +
The oxy acetylene welding hoses are made out of a durable rubber that is designed to withstand different pressures. There are several things to remember about the hoses:
  
−
A) Variety selection - selecting a shrub that will grow well in your climate and give you the fruit or flowers you want is important
+
<!--T:13-->
 +
* Red = Fuel
 +
* Green = Oxygen
 +
* Do not kink hoses
 +
* Keep hoses away from work area
 +
* Wrap hoses when not in use
 +
* Keep hoses away from sparks and hot metal
  
−
B) Soil preparation and fertilizer
+
<!--T:14-->
 +
;Hose fittings:
  
−
C) Ensure the shrub has adequate or an appropriate amount of water and appropriate drainage
+
<!--T:15-->
 +
* Acetylene fitting are notched
 +
* Acetylene fittings are left hand thread
 +
* Oxygen fittings are smooth
 +
* Oxygen fittings are right hand thread
 +
* Both tanks should always be fitted with anti flash back arrestors
  
−
D) Inspect for pests and be prepared to spray or take other action against harmful pests that may destroy your crop.  
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1d}} <!--T:16-->
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The oxygen and acetylene cylinders are designed to hold high-pressure gases. There are some important things to remember when using these cylinders:
  
−
E) Pruning shrubs concentrates the plant's effort into the remaining good branches. It help light get to the right places and prevents the shrub from getting unwieldy
+
<!--T:17-->
 +
* Cylinders must always be stood upright and be secured by a chain
 +
* When not in use (regulator mounted) they must always have a valve protection cap in place
 +
* Cylinders should be stored in a cool dry place away from direct sunlight or extreme cold
  
−
F) At the appropriate time you should harvest the fruit or pick some flowers and give them away to brighten someone's day.  
+
<!--T:18-->
 +
;Oxygen Cylinders:
 +
* Usually black in color, smaller in diameter and taller than Acetylene
 +
* 2200 PSI when full
 +
* The cylinder valve must be opened fully (double seated valve) or it could leak!
 +
* You should not run an oxygen tank below 50 PSI.
  
−
We refer you to the [[Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Outdoor Industries/Small Fruit Growing|Small Fruit Growing]] honor for additional guidance if you are caring for a fruit bearing shrub. Why not earn these honors together?
+
<!--T:19-->
 +
;Acetylene Cylinders:
 +
* Usually red , large in diameter and short
 +
* 250 PSI when full
 +
* The cylinder valve should only be opened ¼ of a turn.
 +
* The acetylene cylinder should never be laid down as this will result in the gas becoming unstable.
 +
* You should not run an acetylene tank below 50 PSI.
  
−
==4. Give three examples of the following types of shrubs:== <!--T:5-->
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<!-- 2. Explain the safe working pressures of oxygen and acetylene, as per your instruc­tor's directions, for various procedures.  -->
 +
When welding and brazing with an oxy-acetylene torch, acetylene should be set at 5psi. Oxygen should be set at 5 or 6psi, but no more.
  
−
===a. Flowering shrubs=== <!--T:6-->
+
<!--T:21-->
−
This is similar to Requirement 3 in the basic honor. These shrubs grow in many areas.  The table below indicates where the plants grow in the wild, and where they are cultivated.  This can be a starting point for your investigation of what grows in your area.  
+
When cutting with an oxy-acetylene torch, acetylene should again be set at about 5psi. Oxygen, however is set much higher, about 25psi, when cutting.
−
{| border=1 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=5 align="center"
 
−
|-
 
−
! Shrub || Wild || Cultivated
 
−
|-
 
−
| Azalea || North America, Asia, Europe, Australia|| Worldwide
 
−
|-
 
−
| Clematis || Temperate Zones, Worldwide || Temperate Zones, Worldwide
 
−
|-
 
−
| Forsythia ||Asia, Europe || North America
 
−
|-
 
−
| Hibiscus || Worldwide || Worldwide
 
−
|-
 
−
| Lilac || Europe, Asia || Worldwide
 
−
|-
 
−
| Mountain Laurel || Eastern North America ||
 
−
|}
 
  
−
===b. Fruit shrubs=== <!--T:7-->
+
===OXY ACETYLENE START UP PROCEDURE:=== <!--T:22-->
−
Similar to Requirement 2 in the basic honor. Some important fruit shrubs include:
 
−
* Grape
 
−
* Highbush blueberry
 
−
* Lowbush blueberry
 
−
* Blackberry
 
−
* Raspberry
 
−
* Mulberry
 
−
* Cranberry
 
−
* Fig
 
−
* Pomegranate
 
−
* Kumquat
 
−
* Guava
 
−
* Red Currant
 
−
* Black Currant
 
−
* Gooseberry
 
−
* Juneberries
 
−
* Serviceberry
 
−
* Elderberry
 
  
−
<!--T:7-->
+
<!--T:23-->
−
Even if people do not eat the food these shurbs provide, they are an important source of food for wildlife.
+
These steps must be followed to ensure safe usage of this equipment.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:24-->
 +
# Make sure pressure regulator screws are released (turned out) on both tanks.
 +
# Standing to the side of the regulator, Slowly open the oxygen cylinder valve fully
 +
# Standing to the side of the regulator, Slowly open the Acetylene cylinder valve ¼ turn
 +
# With the welding or cutting adjustment valves open, quickly adjust the working pressure to the desired amount
 +
 
 +
 
 +
===OXY ACETYLENE SHUT DOWN PROCEDURE:=== <!--T:25-->
 +
 
 +
<!--T:26-->
 +
After the equipment has been used these steps must be followed to ensure safe storage:
 +
 
 +
<!--T:27-->
 +
* Close both cylinder valves
 +
* Open the welding or cutting attachment valves to release regulator pressure
 +
* Release pressure regulator adjustment screws
 +
* Wrap up hoses
 +
 
 +
====PROCEDURE:==== <!--T:28-->
 +
 
 +
<!--T:29-->
 +
Setting up the torch:
 +
 
 +
<!--T:30-->
 +
# Make sure the regulator adjusting screws on both the oxygen and acetylene regulators are backed out fully counter – clockwise
 +
# Open the acetylene cylinder valve ¼ to ½ turn
 +
# Open the torch acetylene valve about ½ turn. The acetylene valve lines up with the red hose
 +
# Turn the acetylene regulator adjusting screw clockwise until 5 pounds pressure is read on the low pressure gauge
 +
# Close the torch acetylene valve
 +
# Open the oxygen cylinder valve all the way until the valve stops<br>Stand out of the way of the gauges when opening the oxygen bottle to prevent serious injury if the regulator valve fails
 +
# Open the torch oxygen valve about ½ turn<br>The oxygen valve lines up with the green hose
 +
# Turn the oxygen regulator adjusting screw clockwise until 5 pounds pressure is read on the low pressure gauge
 +
# Close the torch oxygen valve
 +
# Before lighting and using the torch, check the system for leaks
 +
# Close the cylinder valves. If a cylinder gauge shows a pressure drop, there is a leak.
 +
# If a leak is indicated, listen, smell and touch around all fittings and hoses, or use soapy water to find the leak.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
====LIGHTING & ADJUSTING:==== <!--T:31-->
 +
 
 +
<!--T:32-->
 +
*Proper eye protection must be worn (shaded torch welding / cutting glasses)
 +
*Proper non – flammable coveralls must be worn
 +
*Remove butane lighters from pockets
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<!--T:33-->
 +
# Put on proper eye protection and protective clothing
 +
# Open the torch fuel valve no more than ½ turn
 +
# Position the tip of the torch down and away from your body and hold the striker in your other hand so only the head of the striker is in front of the torch tip<br>Practice using the striker with the fuel shut off
 +
# Use the striker to light the torch<br>Never use a lighter, matches, or other burning material to light the torch
 +
# Adjust the torch fuel valve until the flame gives off little black smoke
 +
# Slowly open the torch oxygen valve to create a neutral flame
 +
 
 +
<!--T:34-->
 +
Neutral flame: (equal amounts of oxy/acetylene) has a rounded white inner cone used for fusion welding steel.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:35-->
 +
Carburizing flame: (less oxygen) has a longer feathered blue inner cone a slightly carbonizing flame is used for brazing.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:36-->
 +
Oxidizing flame: (excessive oxygen) has a short pointed white inner cone used for special purposes such as brazing with bronze filler rod.
 +
 
 +
====SHUTTING DOWN:==== <!--T:37-->
 +
 
 +
<!--T:38-->
 +
# Shut off the torch fuel valve first, which immediately extinguishes the flame
 +
# Shut off the torch oxygen valve
 +
# Close the acetylene cylinder valve
 +
# Close the oxygen cylinder valve
 +
# Bleed the acetylene line by opening the torch acetylene valve until the pressure reads zero on both the high and low pressure gauges<br>(If the torch will be left for more than a few minutes and then reused, both lines must be bled before lighting the torch again)
 +
# Turn the acetylene pressure regulating screw counter – clockwise all the way out
 +
# Close the torch acetylene valve
 +
# Bleed the oxygen line by opening the torch oxygen valve until the pressure reads zero on both the high and low pressure gauges
 +
# Turn the oxygen pressure regulating screw counter – clockwise all the way out
 +
# Close the torch oxygen valve
 +
 
 +
<!--T:39-->
 +
'''There will be no horseplay.'''
 +
 
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<!-- 3. While blindfolded, demonstrate ability to hook up an entire oxyacetylene kit, including tanks, gauges, hoses, and torches, and light the same.** -->
 +
 
 +
<!--T:41-->
 +
This requirement demonstrates one's skill in working in darkness, such as in an emergency. All acetylene connection threads are left-handed, while all oxygen connection threads are right-handed.
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<!-- 4. As per your instructor's directions, weld two mild steel test plates (1/8 inch x 1 inch x 8 inches) (0.3 cm x 2.5 cm x 20.3 cm) in horizontal, and vertical positions. -->
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<!-- 5. Use a cutting torch and demonstrate your skill by making one 12 inches (30.5 cm) straight-line cut, one circle cut of at least 3 inches (7.6 cm) in diameter and one 3 inch (7.6 cm) star cut. The cuts are to be made on mild steel plate at least 1/4 inch (0.6 cm) thick. -->
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<!-- 6. Demonstrate your ability to braze a cast-iron object with at least 1/4 inch (0.6 cm) double bevel butt weld 2 inches (5 cm) long. -->
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<!-- 7. Explain the safety precautions and safety equipment normally used in electric welding in relation to eyes, hands, and exposed skin areas. Why should the tank valves never be oiled? -->
 +
 
 +
===SAFETY EQUIPMENT=== <!--T:44-->
 +
 
 +
<!--T:45-->
 +
The correct safety equipment must be used when using the oxy acetylene equipment or electric welding.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:46-->
 +
* Wear shaded safety glasses
 +
* Use gloves during torch operation and when handling hot metals
 +
* Follow all safety rules for this and all other equipment
 +
 
 +
===OXY-ACETYLENE SAFETY=== <!--T:47-->
  
−
==5. Observe a shrub for at least one month and report on as many insects possible (at least three) that come to find pollen or nectar in the flowers.== <!--T:8-->
+
<!--T:48-->
 +
* You must be trained and authorized before using the oxy-acetylene torch
 +
* Make sure you do not have a lighter in your pocket – they can explode!
 +
* Ensure gas bottles are upright and secure at all times
 +
* Do not allow oil or grease to come in contact with hoses or equipment
 +
* Perform all welding and cutting in the welding area – ventilation must be turned on
 +
* Approved goggles and spark resistant clothing must be worn when using the oxy-acetylene torch
 +
* Do not weld or cut a closed container
 +
* Make sure the work area is clear
 +
* Open the cylinder valves slowly – stand to the side!
 +
* Light the torch with the striker – do not use a match or a lighter
 +
* When welding, bend the end of the rod to identify the hot end and to prevent eye injury
 +
* When finished turn off the torch valves, turn off cylinder valves, then go back to the torch and bleed both lines
 +
* Keep the cylinder caps on when not in use
  
−
This is simply a longer observation period for Requirement 7 of the Shrubs honor. See the guidance there.
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<!-- 8. Explain the difference between oxyacetylene and electric arc welding. -->
 +
Oxy-acetylene welding uses two gases in the process of producing a weld. Acetylene, which is the fuel and is the main source of heat, and oxygen, which is a propellant.
  
−
See the [[../Insects|Insects]] honor for tips on identifying the insects you observe (and consider earning the Insects honor while you're at it).
+
<!--T:50-->
 +
Electric arc welding does not use gas to produce a weld like oxy-acetylene welding does. Electric arc welding uses an electric current to produce its welds. A clamp, with the one side of the current flowing through it, is attached to a base plate. Then the another clamp/nozzle, with the other side of the current flowing through it, is held in a hand. A filler rod is then used to complete the circuit and create the heat needed to heat the pieces of metal being joined and melt the filler rod (used to bind the pieces of metal together).
  
−
==6. Name three important foods, wild or cultivated, found in shrubs in your area.== <!--T:9-->
+
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We don't know what area you live in, but consult the list of food shrubs under Requirement 4b for some possibilities. You might consider what shrubs are farmed in your area and what wild shrubs provided food for native populations or current inhabitants.
+
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<!-- 9. Demonstrate ability to select from an electrode guide the proper amperage and electrode for various types and thicknesses of metal. -->
  
−
==7. List at least 60 different kinds of shrubs and collect, preserve and correctly identify flowers, leaves, seeds, seed pods or branches with buds of 20 shrubs mentioned in your list.== <!--T:10-->
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<!-- 10. Demonstrate ability to weld flat, vertical, horizontal, and overhead on (1/8 inch x 1 inch x 8 inches) (0.3 cm x 2.5 cm x 20.3 cm) mild steel test plates. -->
  
−
This is an expansion of the final Shrubs honor requirement.  Expand your collection.
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<!-- Note: An instructor is a must. Welding is a very critical and serious skill to learn and is not a home-type course. Welding essentially takes the place of bolts and rivets, and if not properly done, is most dangerous. Example: A trailer hitch not properly bond­ed, or machinery exposed to the strain of pull or weight, is an invitation to disaster. <br>Note: This requirement demonstrates one's skill in working in darkness, such as in an emergency. All acetylene connection threads are left-handed, while all oxygen connection threads are right-handed.  -->
  
−
==Note on Availability==
+
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While this is a South American honor, there is no reason any Pathfinder can't earn it and show the accomplishment by adding an Advanced Honor star to the Shrub honor patch which is available worldwide.
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- Note -->
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==References== <!--T:53-->
 +
* [http://www.tpub.com/content/construction/14250/ Steelworker, Volume 1], A U.S. Navy Training Manual. As an original document produced by the U.S. government, this publication is in the public domain and has a lot of information that should be incorporated into this text.
  
−
==References== <!--T:11-->
+
<!--T:60-->
 
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
 
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
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[[Category:Instructor Required|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
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[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/noindex|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
 
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<section end="Body" />

Revision as of 02:18, 2 January 2021

Other languages:
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Template:Honor desc

Template:Honor Master

(Instructor Required)

The Welding Honor is perhaps of all the AY honors, the one with the greatest potential to cause injury. If done wrong you can also create unsafe equipment (see requirement note at end) Do not attempt to teach yourself how to weld. An experienced instructor is absolutely required for this honor.



1

Successfully complete a minimum of three hours of classroom instruction.*



1a


A welding torch has a nozzle with one hole. The torch body mixes oxygen and acetylene, and you get your flame.

A cutting torch has several nozzles arranged in a circle, which emit an oxygen/acetylene mix (like the welding torch). In the center of this circle of nozzles is a larger hole where only oxygen is emitted. The outer holes heat the steel, and the inner hole cuts.


1b


The pressure regulators enable the user to reduce the high pressure contained in the cylinder to a usable working pressure. There are several handling and set up procedures that are important to the overall operation of the pressure regulator. The pressure regulator on each tank shows two things:

  • Cylinder pressure (How much gas is in the cylinder)
  • Working or line pressure

Installing the regulators

  • Before installing the regulator, crack the cylinder valve to clean out any dirt or dust.
  • Mount the regulator onto the cylinder.
  • Ensure that the oxygen pressure regulator is on the oxygen tank.
  • Do not over tighten regulator nut.
  • Before opening the cylinder valve ensure that the pressure regulator screws are released (turned out).
  • Never use oil or grease on the regulators.
  • Frictional heat as a result of high pressures can cause oil to ignite and possibly cause an explosion.


1c


Oxygen hoses are green. Acetylene hoses are red.

Hoses

The oxy acetylene welding hoses are made out of a durable rubber that is designed to withstand different pressures. There are several things to remember about the hoses:

  • Red = Fuel
  • Green = Oxygen
  • Do not kink hoses
  • Keep hoses away from work area
  • Wrap hoses when not in use
  • Keep hoses away from sparks and hot metal
Hose fittings
  • Acetylene fitting are notched
  • Acetylene fittings are left hand thread
  • Oxygen fittings are smooth
  • Oxygen fittings are right hand thread
  • Both tanks should always be fitted with anti flash back arrestors


1d


The oxygen and acetylene cylinders are designed to hold high-pressure gases. There are some important things to remember when using these cylinders:

  • Cylinders must always be stood upright and be secured by a chain
  • When not in use (regulator mounted) they must always have a valve protection cap in place
  • Cylinders should be stored in a cool dry place away from direct sunlight or extreme cold
Oxygen Cylinders
  • Usually black in color, smaller in diameter and taller than Acetylene
  • 2200 PSI when full
  • The cylinder valve must be opened fully (double seated valve) or it could leak!
  • You should not run an oxygen tank below 50 PSI.
Acetylene Cylinders
  • Usually red , large in diameter and short
  • 250 PSI when full
  • The cylinder valve should only be opened ¼ of a turn.
  • The acetylene cylinder should never be laid down as this will result in the gas becoming unstable.
  • You should not run an acetylene tank below 50 PSI.



2

Identify the following:


When welding and brazing with an oxy-acetylene torch, acetylene should be set at 5psi. Oxygen should be set at 5 or 6psi, but no more.

When cutting with an oxy-acetylene torch, acetylene should again be set at about 5psi. Oxygen, however is set much higher, about 25psi, when cutting.

OXY ACETYLENE START UP PROCEDURE:

These steps must be followed to ensure safe usage of this equipment.

  1. Make sure pressure regulator screws are released (turned out) on both tanks.
  2. Standing to the side of the regulator, Slowly open the oxygen cylinder valve fully
  3. Standing to the side of the regulator, Slowly open the Acetylene cylinder valve ¼ turn
  4. With the welding or cutting adjustment valves open, quickly adjust the working pressure to the desired amount


OXY ACETYLENE SHUT DOWN PROCEDURE:

After the equipment has been used these steps must be followed to ensure safe storage:

  • Close both cylinder valves
  • Open the welding or cutting attachment valves to release regulator pressure
  • Release pressure regulator adjustment screws
  • Wrap up hoses

PROCEDURE:

Setting up the torch:

  1. Make sure the regulator adjusting screws on both the oxygen and acetylene regulators are backed out fully counter – clockwise
  2. Open the acetylene cylinder valve ¼ to ½ turn
  3. Open the torch acetylene valve about ½ turn. The acetylene valve lines up with the red hose
  4. Turn the acetylene regulator adjusting screw clockwise until 5 pounds pressure is read on the low pressure gauge
  5. Close the torch acetylene valve
  6. Open the oxygen cylinder valve all the way until the valve stops
    Stand out of the way of the gauges when opening the oxygen bottle to prevent serious injury if the regulator valve fails
  7. Open the torch oxygen valve about ½ turn
    The oxygen valve lines up with the green hose
  8. Turn the oxygen regulator adjusting screw clockwise until 5 pounds pressure is read on the low pressure gauge
  9. Close the torch oxygen valve
  10. Before lighting and using the torch, check the system for leaks
  11. Close the cylinder valves. If a cylinder gauge shows a pressure drop, there is a leak.
  12. If a leak is indicated, listen, smell and touch around all fittings and hoses, or use soapy water to find the leak.


LIGHTING & ADJUSTING:

  • Proper eye protection must be worn (shaded torch welding / cutting glasses)
  • Proper non – flammable coveralls must be worn
  • Remove butane lighters from pockets


  1. Put on proper eye protection and protective clothing
  2. Open the torch fuel valve no more than ½ turn
  3. Position the tip of the torch down and away from your body and hold the striker in your other hand so only the head of the striker is in front of the torch tip
    Practice using the striker with the fuel shut off
  4. Use the striker to light the torch
    Never use a lighter, matches, or other burning material to light the torch
  5. Adjust the torch fuel valve until the flame gives off little black smoke
  6. Slowly open the torch oxygen valve to create a neutral flame

Neutral flame: (equal amounts of oxy/acetylene) has a rounded white inner cone used for fusion welding steel.

Carburizing flame: (less oxygen) has a longer feathered blue inner cone a slightly carbonizing flame is used for brazing.

Oxidizing flame: (excessive oxygen) has a short pointed white inner cone used for special purposes such as brazing with bronze filler rod.

SHUTTING DOWN:

  1. Shut off the torch fuel valve first, which immediately extinguishes the flame
  2. Shut off the torch oxygen valve
  3. Close the acetylene cylinder valve
  4. Close the oxygen cylinder valve
  5. Bleed the acetylene line by opening the torch acetylene valve until the pressure reads zero on both the high and low pressure gauges
    (If the torch will be left for more than a few minutes and then reused, both lines must be bled before lighting the torch again)
  6. Turn the acetylene pressure regulating screw counter – clockwise all the way out
  7. Close the torch acetylene valve
  8. Bleed the oxygen line by opening the torch oxygen valve until the pressure reads zero on both the high and low pressure gauges
  9. Turn the oxygen pressure regulating screw counter – clockwise all the way out
  10. Close the torch oxygen valve

There will be no horseplay.


3

Explain the following terms:


This requirement demonstrates one's skill in working in darkness, such as in an emergency. All acetylene connection threads are left-handed, while all oxygen connection threads are right-handed.


4

Select and describe one fusion welding process.



5

Name at least one thermal and one mechanical cutting process.



6

Demonstrate a knowledge of risks and hazards associated with welding and cutting, and the steps to prevent or reduce them.



7

Describe the safety gear required for various fusion welding and cutting processes.


SAFETY EQUIPMENT

The correct safety equipment must be used when using the oxy acetylene equipment or electric welding.

  • Wear shaded safety glasses
  • Use gloves during torch operation and when handling hot metals
  • Follow all safety rules for this and all other equipment

OXY-ACETYLENE SAFETY

  • You must be trained and authorized before using the oxy-acetylene torch
  • Make sure you do not have a lighter in your pocket – they can explode!
  • Ensure gas bottles are upright and secure at all times
  • Do not allow oil or grease to come in contact with hoses or equipment
  • Perform all welding and cutting in the welding area – ventilation must be turned on
  • Approved goggles and spark resistant clothing must be worn when using the oxy-acetylene torch
  • Do not weld or cut a closed container
  • Make sure the work area is clear
  • Open the cylinder valves slowly – stand to the side!
  • Light the torch with the striker – do not use a match or a lighter
  • When welding, bend the end of the rod to identify the hot end and to prevent eye injury
  • When finished turn off the torch valves, turn off cylinder valves, then go back to the torch and bleed both lines
  • Keep the cylinder caps on when not in use


8

For either the GMAW or SMAW welding process, demonstrate an ability to use welding guidelines, such as handbook tables, to select the appropriate welding process parameter settings, including proper amperage and electrode type/size for various types and thicknesses of a selected metal.


Oxy-acetylene welding uses two gases in the process of producing a weld. Acetylene, which is the fuel and is the main source of heat, and oxygen, which is a propellant.

Electric arc welding does not use gas to produce a weld like oxy-acetylene welding does. Electric arc welding uses an electric current to produce its welds. A clamp, with the one side of the current flowing through it, is attached to a base plate. Then the another clamp/nozzle, with the other side of the current flowing through it, is held in a hand. A filler rod is then used to complete the circuit and create the heat needed to heat the pieces of metal being joined and melt the filler rod (used to bind the pieces of metal together).


9

Explain and demonstrate proper equipment setup and consumables selection for at least one welding process.



10

Describe all the components of the equipment to be used and their function.



Note

* Must pass a knowledge exam upon completion.
^ These are minimum requirements; additional welding is encouraged




References

  • Steelworker, Volume 1, A U.S. Navy Training Manual. As an original document produced by the U.S. government, this publication is in the public domain and has a lot of information that should be incorporated into this text.


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