Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Rowing/Answer Key"

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:''For the fishes known as dories, see [[dory (fish)]].  For the Greek Spear, see [[Spear]].''
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The term '''skiff''' is applied to various [[river]] [[boat|craft]], but a skiff is typically a small flat-bottomed open boat with a pointed [[Bow (ship)|bow]] and square [[stern]].  Although originally used mainly by [[fishermen]], they are today primarily leisure craft. They usually hold either one person or, more commonly, three (two [[sculling|scullers]] and a [[coxswain]]).
[[Image:gazela3.jpg|frame|right|A wooden dory used for cod fishing from the [[Gazela]]]]
 
A '''dory''' is a small, shallow-[[draft (nautical)|draft]] [[boat]] of approximately 5 to 7&nbsp;[[metre|m]] (15 to 22&nbsp;[[Foot (unit of length)|ft]]) in lengthVariant spellings are '''doree''' and '''dorey''' (OED). The British Navy spells it 'dorey'. Lightweight and versatile, these boats are used in the open sea for commercial [[fishing]] applications, as well as in [[whitewater rafting]] on interior [[river]]s. [[McKenzie River Dory]] versions usually seat from two or three to four people including the [[oarsman]].
 
  
The hullform is characterized by flat sides angled approx. 30 [[degree (angle)|degree]]s from the vertical, and a bottom that is transversely flat and markedly bowed fore-and-aft. (This curvature is known as 'rocker'.)  The [[stern]] is frequently a raked surface (a narrow [[transom]]) that tapers sharply toward the bottom forming a nearly double-ended boat.
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[[Image:Skiff.jpg|right|thumb|180px|A classic flat-bottom skiff in Maine.]]
  
==Use==
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Many modern skiffs do carry a small [[outboard motor]] and have a center-console hull design, with a blunt bow, a flat bottom and a square stern.  They are relatively inexpensive compared to skiboats or bass boats, and are common "working" boats, filling such jobs as ferrying passengers from the shore to a larger vessel, or employed by [[crab]] trappers.
Nested stacks of dories were frequently carried on the decks of fishing [[schooner]]s out to the fishing grounds, where they were then deployed to lay [[longline]]s or tend nets.
 
  
More glamorously, dories were once used to travel dangerous [[whitewater]] rivers, where their superior maneuverability made them preferable over other watercraft available at the time.  They have since been supplanted in this purpose by inflatable [[raft]]s which require less skill and are generally more durable for collisions with rocks.  However, fishing guides on many western [[United States|U.S.]] rivers still use drift dories because of their maneuverability and ability to be rowed upstream.  Additionally, their high rocker and extremely shallow draft give them low resistance to the flow of water, effectively holding the boat in place for the prolonged fishing of holes in the river.  Typically [[salmon]], [[trout]], and [[rainbow trout|steelhead]] are fished for this way.
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The word has a complicated etymology: it comes from the [[Middle English]] ''skif'', which derives from the [[Old French]] ''esquif'', which in turn derives from the [[Old Italian]] ''schifo'', which is itself of [[German language|Germanic]] origin. The word is related to ''[[ship]]''.
  
==Modern use of the name==
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Skiffs were once very common on the [[River Thames]] in [[England]] and featured in the famous book about a journey up the Thames in a skiff, [[Three Men in a Boat]].
The term "dory" is also used for a different and otherwise unrelated type of modern boat. This is a rectangular [[plastic]] or [[fibreglass]] [[dinghy]] with a [[cathedral hull]], used as a working boat, tender, or fishing platform. The rectangular shape provides maximum space for a given length and beam. Its cathedral hull makes it extremely stable while still being easily-driven and hence reasonably fast with a small outboard motor. It also us used when talking to Cory Still. He is so stupid we call him Dumb Dumb Dory.
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Skiff are also high performance sailing dinghies. Examples include: [[29er]], [[49er (dinghy)|49er]], [[18ft Skiff|18 footer]], [[musto skiff]], and [[International 14]].
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The Central American version of a skiff is generally called a ''''Panga''''. The term "Panga" was used historically for any small skiff other than dugout canoes. Today it usually refers to an open "[[semi-dory]]" type skiff.
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Pangas form the backbone of the small-scale fishing effort in the region. 
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Usually between 19 and 28 feet in length, with capacities ranging from 1 to 5 tons.  Usually powered by outboard motors of between 45hp and 200hp, they are [[planing (sailing)|planing hulls]] capable of speeds in excess of 35 knots.
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The hulls are made of [[Fiberglass]] or FRP, heavily reinforced by numerous [[bulkhead]]s and usually have [[bow (ship)|bow]] and [[stern]] enclosed flotation compartments. 
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In the hands of an experienced operator they are considered extremely seaworthy.  Most pangas are expected to have a working life of between 5 to 10 years if properly maintained.
  
==References==
 
*OED ''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'' (1972 reprint)
 
*British Navy ''Manual of Seamanship vol.II'' Admiralty (1952) p.743
 
  
==See also==
 
*[[Cape Ann dory]]
 
*[[Swampscott dory]]
 
*[[Banks dory]]
 
*[[McKenzie River dory]]
 
*[[Gloucester dory]]
 
*[[Martin Litton]]
 
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
*[http://www.oars.com/htdocs/grandcanyon/dories.html Historical use of dories in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River]
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*[http://www.49er.org 49er skiff]
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*[http://www.29er.org 29er skiff]
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*[http://www.kinopangas.org Mexican Pangas]
  
 
[[Category:Boat types]]
 
[[Category:Boat types]]
  
[[de:Dory]]
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[[de:Skiff (Segeln)]]
[[fr:Doris]]
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[[fr:Skiff]]
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[[nl:Skiff]]

Revision as of 01:06, 4 January 2007

The term skiff is applied to various river craft, but a skiff is typically a small flat-bottomed open boat with a pointed bow and square stern. Although originally used mainly by fishermen, they are today primarily leisure craft. They usually hold either one person or, more commonly, three (two scullers and a coxswain).

A classic flat-bottom skiff in Maine.

Many modern skiffs do carry a small outboard motor and have a center-console hull design, with a blunt bow, a flat bottom and a square stern. They are relatively inexpensive compared to skiboats or bass boats, and are common "working" boats, filling such jobs as ferrying passengers from the shore to a larger vessel, or employed by crab trappers.

The word has a complicated etymology: it comes from the Middle English skif, which derives from the Old French esquif, which in turn derives from the Old Italian schifo, which is itself of Germanic origin. The word is related to ship.

Skiffs were once very common on the River Thames in England and featured in the famous book about a journey up the Thames in a skiff, Three Men in a Boat.

Skiff are also high performance sailing dinghies. Examples include: 29er, 49er, 18 footer, musto skiff, and International 14.

The Central American version of a skiff is generally called a 'Panga'. The term "Panga" was used historically for any small skiff other than dugout canoes. Today it usually refers to an open "semi-dory" type skiff.

Pangas form the backbone of the small-scale fishing effort in the region.

Usually between 19 and 28 feet in length, with capacities ranging from 1 to 5 tons. Usually powered by outboard motors of between 45hp and 200hp, they are planing hulls capable of speeds in excess of 35 knots.

The hulls are made of Fiberglass or FRP, heavily reinforced by numerous bulkheads and usually have bow and stern enclosed flotation compartments.

In the hands of an experienced operator they are considered extremely seaworthy. Most pangas are expected to have a working life of between 5 to 10 years if properly maintained.


External links

de:Skiff (Segeln) fr:Skiff nl:Skiff