Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Marsupials/Answer Key"

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{{Taxobox
 
{{Taxobox
 
| color = pink
 
| color = pink
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| name = Pademelons<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=69-70}}</ref>
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| name = Quolls<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=24-25}}</ref>
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| image = pademelon.jpg
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| image = Dasyurus viverrinus.jpg
 
| image_width = 200px
 
| image_width = 200px
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| image_caption = [[Eastern Quoll]] (''Dasyurus viverrinus'')
 
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
 
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
 
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
 
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
 
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
 
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
 
| infraclassis = [[Marsupial]]ia
 
| infraclassis = [[Marsupial]]ia
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| ordo = [[Diprotodontia]]
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| ordo = [[Dasyuromorphia]]
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| familia = [[Macropodidae]]
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| familia = [[Dasyuridae]]
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| subfamilia = [[Macropodinae]]
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| subfamilia = [[Dasyurinae]]
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| genus = '''''Thylogale'''''
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| tribus = [[Dasyurini]]
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| genus_authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1837
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| genus = '''''Dasyurus'''''
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| type_species = ''[[Red-necked Pademelon|Halmaturus (Thylogale) eugenii]]''
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| genus_authority = [[Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire|É. Geoffroy]], 1796
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| type_species_authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1837<br>(= ''Halmaturus thetis'' [[René-Primevère Lesson|Lesson]], 1828)
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|Hi! WAt up!! type_species = ''[[Eastern Quoll|Didelphis maculata]]''
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| type_species_authority = [[anonymous|Anon.]], 1791<br>(= ''Didelphis viverrina'' [[George Shaw|Shaw]], 1800
 
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
 
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
 
| subdivision =  
 
| subdivision =  
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* ''[[Tasmanian Pademelon|Thylogale billardierii]]''
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See text.
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* ''[[Brown's Pademelon|Thylogale browni]]''
 
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* ''[[Duskky Pademelon|Thylogale brunii]]''
 
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* ''[[Calaby's Pademelon|Thylogale calabyi]]''
 
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* ''[[Mountain Pademelon|Thylogale lanatus]]''
 
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* ''[[Red-legged Pademelon|Thylogale stigmatica]]''
 
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* ''[[Red-necked Pademelon|Thylogale thetis]]''
 
 
}}
 
}}
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'''Quolls''' or '''native cats''' (genus '''''Dasyurus''''') are [[carnivorous]] [[marsupial]]s, native to [[Australia]] and [[Papua New Guinea]]. Adults are between 25 and 75&nbsp;[[Centimeter|cm]] long, with hairy tails about 20-35&nbsp;cm long. Females have six to eight nipples and develop a pouch&mdash;which opens towards the tail&mdash;only during the breeding season, when they are rearing young. The babies are the size of a grain of rice. Quolls live both in forests and in open valley land. Though primarily ground-dwelling, they have developed secondary arboreal characteristics. They do not have prehensile tails, but do have ridges on the pads of their feet.<ref name=mammals>{{cite book | title = Mammals | author = McCay, George | publisher = Fog City Press | year = 1999}}</ref> Their molars and canines are strongly developed.
  
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A '''pademelon''' is any of seven species of small, [[kangaroo]]-like creatures that are usually found in forests. Pademelons are the smallest of the [[macropod]]s. The name is a corruption of ''badimaliyan'', from the [[Dharuk]] [[Indigenous Australians|Aboriginal]] language of [[Port Jackson]].
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The tribe [[Dasyurini]] to which quolls belong also includes the [[Tasmanian Devil]], [[antechinus]]es, the [[Kowari]], and [[mulgara]]s.<ref name=msw3/>
  
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Pademelons, [[wallaby|wallabies]], and [[kangaroo]]s are very alike in body structure, and the names just refer to the three different size groups. Originally wallabies were divided into small and large wallabies, but a more suitable name was needed to differentiate between them.
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== Taxonomy ==
 +
Within the genus ''Dasyurus'', the following species exist:<ref name=msw3/>
 +
* [[New Guinean Quoll]], ''Dasyurus albopunctatus'', New Guinea
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* [[Western Quoll]] or Chuditch, ''Dasyurus geoffroii'', western Australia
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* [[Northern Quoll]], ''Dasyurus hallucatus'', northern Australia
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* [[Tiger Quoll]] or Spotted Quoll, ''Dasyurus maculatus'', eastern Australia
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* [[Bronze Quoll]], ''Dasyurus spartacus'', New Guinea
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* [[Eastern Quoll]], ''Dasyurus viverrinus'', [[Tasmania]] (formerly mainland eastern Australia)
  
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Besides their smaller size, pademelons can be distinguished from wallabies by their shorter, thicker, and sparsely haired tails.  
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Different species of quolls show little difference in body shape, though they do have distinguishing characteristics. For example, the Tiger Quoll can be identified by its white spots and large canines.<ref name=mammals/>
  
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==Distribution and habitat==
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The name ''Dasyurus'' means "hairy-tail",<ref name=Strahan>{Citation|last1=Serena|first1=M.|last2=Soderquist|first2=T.|year=1995|contribution=Western Quoll|editor-first=Ronald|editor-last=Strahan|title=The Mammals of Australia|publisher=Reed Books|pages=62-64}}</ref> and was coined by [[Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire]] in 1796. The first species described, the [[Tiger Quoll]], was originally placed in the [[opossum|American opossum]] genus ''[[Didelphis]]''.
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[[Image:Tasmanian-pademelons-at-dusk.jpg|thumb|left|Tasmanian pademelons in Narawntapu National Park. The pair at the back are about to do it doggy stlye.]]
 
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[[Red-necked Pademelon]]s can be found in the coastal regions of [[Queensland]] and [[New South Wales]]. In some places their range has been drastically reduced. [[Red-legged Pademelon]]s can also be found in south-central [[New Guinea]]. The Red-bellied or Tasmanian Pademelon is abundant in [[Tasmania]]. The Dusky Pademelon lives in [[Papua New Guinea]] and surrounding islands. It was previously called the Aru Island Wallaby. Before that, it was called the Filander. This name occurred in a translation of [[C. de Bruyns Travels]] published in [[1737]].
 
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The natural habitat of the pademelon is in thick scrubland or dense forested undergrowth. They also make tunnels through long grasses and bushes in swampy country.
 
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==Diet and behavior==
 
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[[Image:Tasmanian-pademelon-eating-apple.jpg|thumb|right|Tasmanian pademelon eating a slice of apple, with her joey]]
 
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If there are no predators, such as dogs, they graze in the early mornings or evenings on grassy slopes near thickets into which they can quickly escape at the first sign of danger. Having noticed danger, such as a [[python]], they may try to warn others by stomping their feet on the ground producing surprisingly loud sound. Pademelons are nocturnal and tend to feed at night.
 
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Their main diet is made up of grasses, leaves, and small shoots. They do little damage to crops and are not as aggressive as wallabies and kangaroos can be, making them gentle pets.
 
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Normally, a group of females would stay on the territory with males showing up, only when one of the females is ready for mating. This is in contrast to the behavior of bigger kangaroos, who stay in mixed mobs with a male leader.
 
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==Problems faced==  
 
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[[Image:Female-pademelon-with-sweet-threequarter.jpg|thumb|right|Female (notice the full pouch) red-legged pademelon eating a slice of [[sweet potato]] on a small private reserve near [[Port Douglas, Queensland]]]]
 
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Pademelon meat used to be considered valuable and was eaten by settlers and aborigines for a long time. It was once suggested that they be introduced to France as a meat supply. Although their meat is very low in fat and cholesterol (like that of all kangaroos), Australians today would consider it no more than "second grade" and strongly prefer lamb and beef instead.
 
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Aside from being killed for their meat and soft fur, their numbers have been reduced by the introduction of predators such as feral cats, dogs, and foxes. The [[rabbit (ecology)|rabbit]] explosion has also caused problems, as rabbits graze on the same grasses making less available for the pademelon. Also, clearing of land for homes has pushed the larger wallabies and kangaroos into land that pademelons had been thriving in for so long.
 
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Tasmanian Pademelons were important to the [[Thylacine]]'s diet, and are still preyed on by [[quoll]]s, [[Tasmanian Devil]]s, [[Python]]s, and [[Wedge-tailed Eagle]]s. Despite these predators, there are many in Tasmania and its outlying smaller islands, and every year many are killed off to keep their numbers down.
 
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==Species==
 
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* '''Genus ''Thylogale'''''<ref name=msw3/>
 
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** [[Tasmanian Pademelon]], ''Thylogale billardierii''
 
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** [[Brown's Pademelon]], ''Thylogale browni''
 
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** [[Dusky Pademelon]], ''Thylogale brunii''
 
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** [[Calaby's Pademelon]], ''Thylogale calabyi''
 
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** [[Mountain Pademelon]], ''Thylogale lanatus''
 
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** [[Red-legged Pademelon]], ''Thylogale stigmatica''
 
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** [[Red-necked Pademelon]], ''Thylogale thetis''
 
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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{{references-small}}
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{{reflist}}
  
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{{1911}}
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{{marsupial-stub}}
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{{MEA-expand}}
  
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[[category:Macropods]]
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[[Category:Dasyuromorphs]]
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[[Category:Australian Aboriginal words and phrases]]
 
[[Category:Mammals of Australia]]
 
[[Category:Mammals of Australia]]
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[[Category:Australian Aboriginal terms]]
 
  
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[[de:Filander]]
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[[de:Beutelmarder]]
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[[fr:Thylogale]]
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[[fr:Dasyurus]]
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[[lt:Filanderiai]]
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[[nl:Buidelmarters]]
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[[nl:Pademelons]]
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[[pl:Dasyurus]]
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[[ja:ヤブワラビー属]]
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[[pt:Quoll]]
 +
[[ru:Сумчатая куница]]

Revision as of 22:39, 11 March 2007

Template:Taxobox Quolls or native cats (genus Dasyurus) are carnivorous marsupials, native to Australia and Papua New Guinea. Adults are between 25 and 75 cm long, with hairy tails about 20-35 cm long. Females have six to eight nipples and develop a pouch—which opens towards the tail—only during the breeding season, when they are rearing young. The babies are the size of a grain of rice. Quolls live both in forests and in open valley land. Though primarily ground-dwelling, they have developed secondary arboreal characteristics. They do not have prehensile tails, but do have ridges on the pads of their feet.& Their molars and canines are strongly developed.

The tribe Dasyurini to which quolls belong also includes the Tasmanian Devil, antechinuses, the Kowari, and mulgaras.&

Taxonomy

Within the genus Dasyurus, the following species exist:&

Different species of quolls show little difference in body shape, though they do have distinguishing characteristics. For example, the Tiger Quoll can be identified by its white spots and large canines.&

The name Dasyurus means "hairy-tail",& and was coined by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1796. The first species described, the Tiger Quoll, was originally placed in the American opossum genus Didelphis.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 McCay, George (1999). Mammals. Fog City Press.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named msw3
  3. ↑ {Citation|last1=Serena|first1=M.|last2=Soderquist|first2=T.|year=1995|contribution=Western Quoll|editor-first=Ronald|editor-last=Strahan|title=The Mammals of Australia|publisher=Reed Books|pages=62-64}}

Template:Marsupial-stub Template:MEA-expand

de:Beutelmarder fr:Dasyurus nl:Buidelmarters pl:Dasyurus pt:Quoll ru:Сумчатая куница

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