Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Drumming & Percussion/Answer Key"

Revision as of 19:25, 28 January 2006

A drumline is a group of percussionists who play a variety of marching percussion instruments. A drumline may be an incorporated section of a marching band, a drum and bugle corps, a pipe band, or a pep band, but also can exist independent of these larger ensembles. Most members of drumlines start in high school and occasionally go on to drum in more advanced lines in college, indoor ensembles, or drum corps. Indoor percussion ensembles serve as the most common outlet for stand-alone drumline performance.

Most drumlines can be divided into two sections; the back battery and front ensemble. However, the term drumline is sometimes used to refer to just the battery. Dividing the battery further we arrive at the sub-sections of snare drums, tenors (also called toms, trios, quads, quints, timp-toms, hexes, six-pack), bass drums, and sometimes cymbals (also called plates).

File:The drumline2.JPG

A practicing highschool drumline.

The marching percussion instruments of a battery section features high tension drumheads so as to produce a loud, short, and articulate sound, ideal for the intricate passages played by contemporary drumlines. Marching snares are either 13 or 14 inches in diameter, depending on whether the line is playing indoors or outdoors. The circumference of the rim is lined with 12 evenly spaced lugs, designed to maintain the high tension of Kevlar or Mylar heads. Tenor drums are sets of multiple drums worn by one marcher, usually in sets of 5 or 6. Plastic and synthetic heads are most common in tenors and are tuned with a lower tension than snares, providing the drums with a more resonant, tonal sound which gives the drums a midrange, or tenor pitch support to the line. Marching basses consist of groupings of 5-6 individually carried bass drums. They are marched sequentially according size, with drum 1 being the smallest in diameter and weight and drum 5 or 6, known as "bottom bass" being largest in diameter and weight. Marching cymbals are generally marched in groups of 2-8, though the range is simply by convention. Cymbals are held by each member of the sub-section and are either played by the individual holder, by a snare or tenor player, or used for visual purposes because of their reflective surfaces. A specific example is the well known "V" formation formed by the cymbal line of the Santa Clara Vanguard drum and bugle corps.

The front ensemble (also pit or frontline) can include any percussion instrument. This wide selection of instruments allows for the front ensemble to produce the greatest timbre variety in a marching ensemble. Front ensemble instruments are typically stationary during performance and are therefore not bound to the limitations of being mounted to the player. Instruments usually played in the front ensemble include marimba, vibraphone, bells, xylophone, and chimes.

Drumline was also a 2002 movie starring Nick Cannon and Zoe Saldana.

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-A '''rudiment''' is a foundational [[drum]] pattern used as an exercise.
+A '''drumline''' is a group of [[percussionist]]s who play a variety of [[marching percussion]] instruments.  A drumline may be an incorporated section of a [[marching band]], a [[drum and bugle corps]], a pipe band, or a pep band, but also can exist independent of these larger ensembles.  Most members of drumlines start in high school and occasionally go on to drum in more advanced lines in college, indoor ensembles, or drum corps.    [[Indoor percussion ensemble]]s serve as the most common outlet for stand-alone drumline performance.
-Informally it can mean any percussion exercise, but it is most commonly associated with [[snare drum]] patterns.
+Most drumlines can be divided into two sections; the ''back battery'' and ''[[front ensemble]]''. However, the term ''drumline'' is sometimes used to refer to just the battery.  Dividing the battery further we arrive at the sub-sections of snare drums, tenors (also called toms, trios, quads, quints, timp-toms, hexes, six-pack), bass drums, and sometimes cymbals (also called plates).
-==Rudiment Lists==
+[[image:The_drumline2.JPG|thumb|Right|''A practicing highschool drumline.'']]
-There have been several attempts to formalise a recommended list of [[snare drum]] rudiments, especially among marching band instructors. The National Association of Rudimental Drummers (NARD), an organisation established to promote rudiment-based drumming, put forward a list of 26 rudiments.
+The [[marching percussion]] instruments of a battery section features high tension drumheads so as to produce a loud, short, and articulate sound, ideal for the intricate passages played by contemporary drumlines.  Marching snares are either 13 or 14 inches in diameter, depending on whether the line is playing indoors or outdoors.  The circumference of the rim is lined with 12 evenly spaced lugs, designed to maintain the high tension of [[Kevlar]] or [[Mylar heads]].  Tenor drums are sets of multiple drums worn by one marcher, usually in sets of 5 or 6.  Plastic and synthetic heads are most common in tenors and are tuned with a lower tension than snares, providing the drums with a more resonant, tonal sound which gives the drums a midrange, or tenor pitch support to the line.  Marching basses consist of groupings of 5-6 individually carried bass drums.  They are marched sequentially according size, with drum 1 being the smallest in diameter and weight and drum 5 or 6, known as "bottom bass" being largest in diameter and weight.  Marching cymbals are generally marched in groups of 2-8, though the range is simply by convention.  Cymbals are held by each member of the sub-section and are either played by the individual holder, by a snare or tenor player, or used for visual purposes because of their reflective surfaces.  A specific example is the well known "V" formation formed by the cymbal line of the [[Santa Clara Vanguard]] drum and bugle corps.
-If rudiments are to be used on a drumkit, the point of the rudiment is to end your fill on your left hand, ergo, leaving your right hand free to hit the cymbal. Much of the Rudiments are just multiple rudiments combined.
+The ''front ensemble'' (also ''pit'' or ''frontline'') can include any [[percussion instrument]].  This wide selection of instruments allows for the front ensemble to produce the greatest [[timbre]] variety in a marching ensemble.  Front ensemble instruments are typically stationary during performance and are therefore not bound to the limitations of being mounted to the player. Instruments usually played in the front ensemble include marimba, vibraphone, bells, xylophone, and chimes.
+----
+[[Drumline (movie)|Drumline]] was also a 2002 movie starring [[Nick Cannon]] and [[Zoe Saldana]].
-More recently, the Percussive Arts Society has extended this to a set of 40 "International Drum Rudiments".
+{{music-stub}}
-They are
+[[de:Drumline]]
-# The Single Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
+[[Category:Musical groups]]
-# The Single Stroke Four
+[[Category:Percussion ensembles]]
-# The Single Stroke Seven
-# The Multiple Bounce [[drum roll|Roll]]
-# The Triple Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]
-# The Double Stroke Open [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Five Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Six Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]
-# The Seven Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Nine Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Ten Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Eleven Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Thirteen Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Fifteen Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
-# The Seventeen Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]
-# The Single [[Paradiddle]]*
-# The Double [[Paradiddle]]*
-# The Triple [[Paradiddle]]
-# The Single [[Paradiddle]]-Diddle
-# The [[Flam]]*
-# The [[Flam]] Accent*
-# The [[Flam]] Tap*
-# The [[flam|Flamacue]]*
-# The [[Flam]] [[Paradiddle]]*
-# The Single [[flam|Flammed]] Mill
-# The [[Flam]] [[Paradiddle]]-Diddle*
-# The [[Pataflafla]]
-# The [[Swiss Army Triplet]]
-# The Inverted [[Flam]] Tap
-# The [[Flam]] [[Drag]]
-# The [[Drag]]*
-# The Single [[Drag]] Tap*
-# The Double [[Drag]] Tap*
-# The Ratatap*
-# The Single Dragadiddle
-# The [[Drag]] [[Paradiddle]] 1*
-# The [[Drag]] [[Paradiddle]] 2*
-# The Single Ratamacue*
-# The Double Ratamacue*
-# The Triple Ratamacue*
-Rudiments indicated with an asterisk above are those also found in the NARD list.
-== Hybrid Rudiments List ==
-There are also many Hybrids that have been created over the years
-They are
-#Alternating 3 stroke Herta<br>
-#4 stroke Herta
-#5 stroke Herta
-#4 stroke Herta (paradiddle sticking)
-#5 stroke Herta (4 stroke sticking)
-#Alternating single 5
-#Alternating Single 7
-#4 stroke Herta w/ upbeat accents
-#4 stroke herta w/ 2/3 accents
-#single 5 stoke
-#Alternating single 5 with upbeat accents
-#Upbeat rolls
-#Upbeat single diddles
-#Paradiddles (several variations)
-#Double paradiddles (variations)
-#Paradiddle-diddles (variations)
-#Paradiddle-diddle-diddles
-#Upbeat and downbeat Grandmas
-#Alternating Single hand Tap Drag
-#Swiss tap drag
-#Triple stroke tap drag
-#Non Alternating Paradiddle
-#Dragadiddle
-#Tap Dragadiddle
-#5 stroke paradiddle
-#Paradiddle w/ diddle on 4
-#Slurred 6 stroke Roll
-#Slurred 5 stroke roll
-#6 stroke roll
-#Tap 5 stroke roll
-#Triple stoke roll (French)
-#Shirley Murphey
-#3-2-1’s
-#Egg Beaters
-#Backwards Egg Beaters
-#Slevens
-#4 stroke rolls
-#3+paradiddle
-#Triple flam tap
-#Flam tap
-#Quadruple flam tap
-#Flim flam tap
-#Swiss Triplet
-#Swissy flam tap
-#Left up Swiss,
-#4 note swiss
-#Flim-swiss
-#Swiss kick
-#Odd3/even 3
-#Flam 3+a
-#Swiss pug
-#Flam 3-2-1
-#Flama-flam tap
-#Flammed mill (variations)
-#Inverted Flam Taps
-#Flam Accents
-#3 note inverts
-#Fubars
-#Triple fubars
-#Alternating Swiss triplet
-#Non Alternating flammed mill
-#3 note flam-a-cue
-#Dachuta
-#Chuchuttas
-#Fli-flo-tap
-#Dachuchuh
-#Chuchuta+1
-#Single hand patta fla-fla
-#Single hand triple patty
-#Mill fla-fla
-#Flam Paradiddle
-#Par-flam-diddle
-#Paradid-flam
-#Flamacue-paradiddle
-#Fla-fla-diddle
-#Para-fla-fla
-#Pata-fla-fla paradiddle
-#Flam Drags
-#Flam drag-a-cue
-#Da-flam-drag
-#Non Alternating flam drag
-#Swiss flam drag
-#Flammed mill drag
-#Swiss flam drag+flamtap
-#Swiss flam drag-a-cue
-#Da-swiss drag
-#Swiss flam drag w/left up
-#Cheese flam accents
-#3 stroke Cheese-a-cue
-#Da cheese
-#Flam 5
-#Flam 5-a-cue
-#Da flam 5
-#Non alternating cheese
-#Non alternating flam 5
-#Flam 2/3
-#Alt. Flam 2/3
-#Single flam drag
-#Alternating swiss flam drag
-#Non alternating cheeseadiddle
-#Cheese inverts
-#3 stroke cheese inverts
-#Cheese fubars
-#4 stroke cheese fubars
-#cheese chuchuttas
-#fli-flo cheese
-#Da chucheese
-#Non Alternating Cheese chuchutta
-#Cheese single hand patty
-#Cheese 5 single hand patty
-#4 stroke swiss drag
-#fla-fla swiss drag
-#cheese-a-diddle
-#Flam drag Paradiddle
-#Flam 5 paradiddle
-#Flam 5 superdiddle
-#Cheese-a-flam tap
-#Cheese-a-cue flamadiddle
-#Cheese a diddle (variations)
-#Cheese 5 paradiddle (variations
-#Flam a single
-#Cheese a single
-#Cheese 5 a single
-#Flamadiddlediddle (variations)
-#Diddle a flam tap
-#Book Reports (variations)
-#Book Marks (variations)
-#Parcheesediddle
-#Funky cheese
-#Funky cheese inverts
-#Non Alternating funky cheese
-#Alternating flam thing
-#Alternating cheese thing
-#Alternating cheese 5 thing
-#Alternating flam 6 stroke thing
-#Alternating flam 7 swiss cheese
-#Swiss flam 5
-#3-2 flam 5
-==Practical Use==
-Some rudiments are rather esoteric, such as the Single Flammed Mill and the Ratatap, and are used only in a very small number of drum parts. They can still provide valuable practice to all percussionists, however, as they exercise different degrees of hand-independence and fine stick control.
-Others, such as the [[Flam]], [[Drag]] and [[Paradiddle]] form the basis of a wide range of rhthms in orchestral, drum-kit and marching percussion. The [[Paradiddle]] in particular is very versatile, forming the basis of many popular music [[drum fill|drum fills]].
-==Open, Closed, Open==
-When used in auditions for orchestral gigs and school [[Honor Band|Honor Bands]], rudiments are almost always performed in an [[Open, closed, open]] format.
-==External link==
-*[http://www.vicfirth.com/education/rudiments.html Vic Firth] - Drum rudiment essentials.
-[[de:Rudiments]]