Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Drumming & Percussion/Answer Key"

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A '''drumline''' is a group of [[percussionist]]s who play a variety of [[marching percussion]] instruments.  A drumline may be an incorporated section of a [[marching band]], a [[drum and bugle corps]], a pipe band, or a pep band, but also can exist independent of these larger ensembles.  Most members of drumlines start in high school and occasionally go on to drum in more advanced lines in college, indoor ensembles, or drum corps.    [[Indoor percussion ensemble]]s serve as the most common outlet for stand-alone drumline performance.
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A '''rudiment''' is a foundational [[drum]] pattern used as an exercise.  
  
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Most drumlines can be divided into two sections; the ''back battery'' and ''[[front ensemble]]''. However, the term ''drumline'' is sometimes used to refer to just the battery.  Dividing the battery further we arrive at the sub-sections of snare drums, tenors (also called toms, trios, quads, quints, timp-toms, hexes, six-pack), bass drums, and sometimes cymbals (also called plates).
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Informally it can mean any percussion exercise, but it is most commonly associated with [[snare drum]] patterns.
  
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[[image:The_drumline2.JPG|thumb|Right|''A practicing highschool drumline.'']]
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==Rudiment Lists==
  
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The [[marching percussion]] instruments of a battery section features high tension drumheads so as to produce a loud, short, and articulate sound, ideal for the intricate passages played by contemporary drumlines.  Marching snares are either 13 or 14 inches in diameter, depending on whether the line is playing indoors or outdoors.  The circumference of the rim is lined with 12 evenly spaced lugs, designed to maintain the high tension of [[Kevlar]] or [[Mylar heads]]. Tenor drums are sets of multiple drums worn by one marcher, usually in sets of 4, 5, or 6.  Plastic and synthetic heads are most common in tenors and are tuned with a lower tension than snares, providing the drums with a more resonant, tonal sound which gives the drums a midrange, or tenor pitch support to the line.  Marching basses consist of groupings of 4-6 individually carried bass drums.  They are marched sequentially according size, with drum 1 being the smallest in diameter and weight and drum 4, 5, or 6, known as "bottom bass" being largest in diameter and weight.  Marching cymbals are generally marched in groups of 2-8, though the range is simply by convention.  Cymbals are held by each member of the sub-section and are either played by the individual holder, by a snare or tenor player, or used for visual purposes because of their reflective surfaces.  A specific example is the well known "V" formation formed by the cymbal line of the [[Santa Clara Vanguard]] drum and bugle corps.
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There have been several attempts to formalise a recommended list of [[snare drum]] rudiments, especially among marching band instructors. The National Association of Rudimental Drummers (NARD), an organisation established to promote rudiment-based drumming, put forward a list of 26 rudiments.
  
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The ''front ensemble'' (also ''pit'' or ''frontline'') can include any [[percussion instrument]].  This wide selection of instruments allows for the front ensemble to produce the greatest [[timbre]] variety in a marching ensemble.  Front ensemble instruments are typically stationary during performance and are therefore not bound to the limitations of being mounted to the player. Instruments usually played in the front ensemble include marimba, vibraphone, bells, xylophone, and chimes.
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More recently, the Percussive Arts Society has extended this to a set of 40 "International Drum Rudiments".
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----
 
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[[Drumline (movie)|Drumline]] was also a 2002 movie starring [[Nick Cannon]] and [[Zoe Saldana]].
 
  
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{{music-stub}}
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They are
  
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[[de:Drumline]]
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# The Single Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Single Stroke Four
 +
# The Single Stroke Seven
 +
# The Multiple Bounce [[drum roll|Roll]]
 +
# The Triple Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]
 +
# The Double Stroke Open [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Five Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Six Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]
 +
# The Seven Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Nine Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Ten Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Eleven Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Thirteen Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Fifteen Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]*
 +
# The Seventeen Stroke [[drum roll|Roll]]
 +
# The Single [[Paradiddle]]*
 +
# The Double [[Paradiddle]]*
 +
# The Triple [[Paradiddle]]
 +
# The Single [[Paradiddle]]-Diddle
 +
# The [[Flam]]*
 +
# The [[Flam]] Accent*
 +
# The [[Flam]] Tap*
 +
# The [[flam|Flamacue]]*
 +
# The [[Flam]] [[Paradiddle]]*
 +
# The Single [[flam|Flammed]] Mill
 +
# The [[Flam]] [[Paradiddle]]-Diddle*
 +
# The [[Pataflafla]]
 +
# The [[Swiss Army Triplet]]
 +
# The Inverted [[Flam]] Tap
 +
# The [[Flam]] [[Drag]]
 +
# The [[Drag]]*
 +
# The Single [[Drag]] Tap*
 +
# The Double [[Drag]] Tap*
 +
# The Ratatap*
 +
# The Single Dragadiddle
 +
# The [[Drag]] [[Paradiddle]] 1*
 +
# The [[Drag]] [[Paradiddle]] 2*
 +
# The Single Ratamacue*
 +
# The Double Ratamacue*
 +
# The Triple Ratamacue*
  
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[[Category:Musical groups]]
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Rudiments indicated with an asterisk above are those also found in the NARD list.
−
[[Category:Percussion ensembles]]
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 +
== Hybrid Rudiments List ==
 +
 
 +
There are also many Hybrids that have been created over the years
 +
 
 +
They are
 +
 
 +
#Alternating 3 stroke Herta<br>
 +
#4 stroke Herta
 +
#5 stroke Herta
 +
#4 stroke Herta (paradiddle sticking)
 +
#5 stroke Herta (4 stroke sticking)
 +
#Alternating single 5
 +
#Alternating Single 7
 +
#4 stroke Herta w/ upbeat accents
 +
#4 stroke herta w/ 2/3 accents
 +
#single 5 stoke
 +
#Alternating single 5 with upbeat accents
 +
#Upbeat rolls
 +
#Upbeat single diddles
 +
#Paradiddles (several variations)
 +
#Double paradiddles (variations)
 +
#Paradiddle-diddles (variations)
 +
#Paradiddle-diddle-diddles
 +
#Upbeat and downbeat Grandmas
 +
#Alternating Single hand Tap Drag
 +
#Swiss tap drag
 +
#Triple stroke tap drag
 +
#Non Alternating Paradiddle
 +
#Dragadiddle
 +
#Tap Dragadiddle
 +
#5 stroke paradiddle
 +
#Paradiddle w/ diddle on 4
 +
#Slurred 6 stroke Roll
 +
#Slurred 5 stroke roll
 +
#6 stroke roll
 +
#Tap 5 stroke roll
 +
#Triple stoke roll (French)
 +
#Shirley Murphey
 +
#3-2-1’s
 +
#Egg Beaters
 +
#Backwards Egg Beaters
 +
#Slevens
 +
#4 stroke rolls
 +
#3+paradiddle
 +
#Triple flam tap
 +
#Flam tap
 +
#Quadruple flam tap
 +
#Flim flam tap
 +
#Swiss Triplet
 +
#Swissy flam tap
 +
#Left up Swiss,
 +
#4 note swiss
 +
#Flim-swiss
 +
#Swiss kick
 +
#Odd3/even 3
 +
#Flam 3+a
 +
#Swiss pug
 +
#Flam 3-2-1
 +
#Flama-flam tap
 +
#Flammed mill (variations)
 +
#Inverted Flam Taps
 +
#Flam Accents
 +
#3 note inverts
 +
#Fubars
 +
#Triple fubars
 +
#Alternating Swiss triplet
 +
#Non Alternating flammed mill
 +
#3 note flam-a-cue
 +
#Dachuta
 +
#Chuchuttas
 +
#Fli-flo-tap
 +
#Dachuchuh
 +
#Chuchuta+1
 +
#Single hand patta fla-fla
 +
#Single hand triple patty
 +
#Mill fla-fla
 +
#Flam Paradiddle
 +
#Par-flam-diddle
 +
#Paradid-flam
 +
#Flamacue-paradiddle
 +
#Fla-fla-diddle
 +
#Para-fla-fla
 +
#Pata-fla-fla paradiddle
 +
#Flam Drags
 +
#Flam drag-a-cue
 +
#Da-flam-drag
 +
#Non Alternating flam drag
 +
#Swiss flam drag
 +
#Flammed mill drag
 +
#Swiss flam drag+flamtap
 +
#Swiss flam drag-a-cue
 +
#Da-swiss drag
 +
#Swiss flam drag w/left up
 +
#Cheese flam accents
 +
#3 stroke Cheese-a-cue
 +
#Da cheese
 +
#Flam 5
 +
#Flam 5-a-cue
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#Da flam 5
 +
#Non alternating cheese
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#Non alternating flam 5
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#Flam 2/3
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#Alt. Flam 2/3
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#Single flam drag
 +
#Alternating swiss flam drag
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#Non alternating cheeseadiddle
 +
#Cheese inverts
 +
#3 stroke cheese inverts
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#Cheese fubars
 +
#4 stroke cheese fubars
 +
#cheese chuchuttas
 +
#fli-flo cheese
 +
#Da chucheese
 +
#Non Alternating Cheese chuchutta
 +
#Cheese single hand patty
 +
#Cheese 5 single hand patty
 +
#4 stroke swiss drag
 +
#fla-fla swiss drag
 +
#cheese-a-diddle
 +
#Flam drag Paradiddle
 +
#Flam 5 paradiddle
 +
#Flam 5 superdiddle
 +
#Cheese-a-flam tap
 +
#Cheese-a-cue flamadiddle
 +
#Cheese a diddle (variations)
 +
#Cheese 5 paradiddle (variations
 +
#Flam a single
 +
#Cheese a single
 +
#Cheese 5 a single
 +
#Flamadiddlediddle (variations)
 +
#Diddle a flam tap
 +
#Book Reports (variations)
 +
#Book Marks (variations)
 +
#Parcheesediddle
 +
#Funky cheese
 +
#Funky cheese inverts
 +
#Non Alternating funky cheese
 +
#Alternating flam thing
 +
#Alternating cheese thing
 +
#Alternating cheese 5 thing
 +
#Alternating flam 6 stroke thing
 +
#Alternating flam 7 swiss cheese
 +
#Swiss flam 5
 +
#3-2 flam 5
 +
 
 +
==Practical Use==
 +
 
 +
Some rudiments are rather esoteric, such as the Single Flammed Mill and the Ratatap, and are used only in a very small number of drum parts. They can still provide valuable practice to all percussionists, however, as they exercise different degrees of hand-independence and fine stick control.
 +
 
 +
Others, such as the [[Flam]], [[Drag]] and [[Paradiddle]] form the basis of a wide range of rhthms in orchestral, drum-kit and marching percussion. The [[Paradiddle]] in particular is very versatile, forming the basis of many popular music [[drum fill|drum fills]].
 +
 
 +
==Open, Closed, Open==
 +
 
 +
When used in auditions for orchestral gigs and school [[Honor Band|Honor Bands]], rudiments are almost always performed in an [[Open, closed, open]] format.
 +
 
 +
==External link==
 +
*[http://www.vicfirth.com/education/rudiments.html Vic Firth] - Drum rudiment essentials.
 +
 
 +
[[de:Rudiments]]
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Percussion performance techniques]]

Revision as of 18:53, 3 March 2006

A rudiment is a foundational drum pattern used as an exercise.

Informally it can mean any percussion exercise, but it is most commonly associated with snare drum patterns.

Rudiment Lists

There have been several attempts to formalise a recommended list of snare drum rudiments, especially among marching band instructors. The National Association of Rudimental Drummers (NARD), an organisation established to promote rudiment-based drumming, put forward a list of 26 rudiments.

More recently, the Percussive Arts Society has extended this to a set of 40 "International Drum Rudiments".

They are

  1. The Single Stroke Roll*
  2. The Single Stroke Four
  3. The Single Stroke Seven
  4. The Multiple Bounce Roll
  5. The Triple Stroke Roll
  6. The Double Stroke Open Roll*
  7. The Five Stroke Roll*
  8. The Six Stroke Roll
  9. The Seven Stroke Roll*
  10. The Nine Stroke Roll*
  11. The Ten Stroke Roll*
  12. The Eleven Stroke Roll*
  13. The Thirteen Stroke Roll*
  14. The Fifteen Stroke Roll*
  15. The Seventeen Stroke Roll
  16. The Single Paradiddle*
  17. The Double Paradiddle*
  18. The Triple Paradiddle
  19. The Single Paradiddle-Diddle
  20. The Flam*
  21. The Flam Accent*
  22. The Flam Tap*
  23. The Flamacue*
  24. The Flam Paradiddle*
  25. The Single Flammed Mill
  26. The Flam Paradiddle-Diddle*
  27. The Pataflafla
  28. The Swiss Army Triplet
  29. The Inverted Flam Tap
  30. The Flam Drag
  31. The Drag*
  32. The Single Drag Tap*
  33. The Double Drag Tap*
  34. The Ratatap*
  35. The Single Dragadiddle
  36. The Drag Paradiddle 1*
  37. The Drag Paradiddle 2*
  38. The Single Ratamacue*
  39. The Double Ratamacue*
  40. The Triple Ratamacue*

Rudiments indicated with an asterisk above are those also found in the NARD list.

Hybrid Rudiments List

There are also many Hybrids that have been created over the years

They are

  1. Alternating 3 stroke Herta
  2. 4 stroke Herta
  3. 5 stroke Herta
  4. 4 stroke Herta (paradiddle sticking)
  5. 5 stroke Herta (4 stroke sticking)
  6. Alternating single 5
  7. Alternating Single 7
  8. 4 stroke Herta w/ upbeat accents
  9. 4 stroke herta w/ 2/3 accents
  10. single 5 stoke
  11. Alternating single 5 with upbeat accents
  12. Upbeat rolls
  13. Upbeat single diddles
  14. Paradiddles (several variations)
  15. Double paradiddles (variations)
  16. Paradiddle-diddles (variations)
  17. Paradiddle-diddle-diddles
  18. Upbeat and downbeat Grandmas
  19. Alternating Single hand Tap Drag
  20. Swiss tap drag
  21. Triple stroke tap drag
  22. Non Alternating Paradiddle
  23. Dragadiddle
  24. Tap Dragadiddle
  25. 5 stroke paradiddle
  26. Paradiddle w/ diddle on 4
  27. Slurred 6 stroke Roll
  28. Slurred 5 stroke roll
  29. 6 stroke roll
  30. Tap 5 stroke roll
  31. Triple stoke roll (French)
  32. Shirley Murphey
  33. 3-2-1’s
  34. Egg Beaters
  35. Backwards Egg Beaters
  36. Slevens
  37. 4 stroke rolls
  38. 3+paradiddle
  39. Triple flam tap
  40. Flam tap
  41. Quadruple flam tap
  42. Flim flam tap
  43. Swiss Triplet
  44. Swissy flam tap
  45. Left up Swiss,
  46. 4 note swiss
  47. Flim-swiss
  48. Swiss kick
  49. Odd3/even 3
  50. Flam 3+a
  51. Swiss pug
  52. Flam 3-2-1
  53. Flama-flam tap
  54. Flammed mill (variations)
  55. Inverted Flam Taps
  56. Flam Accents
  57. 3 note inverts
  58. Fubars
  59. Triple fubars
  60. Alternating Swiss triplet
  61. Non Alternating flammed mill
  62. 3 note flam-a-cue
  63. Dachuta
  64. Chuchuttas
  65. Fli-flo-tap
  66. Dachuchuh
  67. Chuchuta+1
  68. Single hand patta fla-fla
  69. Single hand triple patty
  70. Mill fla-fla
  71. Flam Paradiddle
  72. Par-flam-diddle
  73. Paradid-flam
  74. Flamacue-paradiddle
  75. Fla-fla-diddle
  76. Para-fla-fla
  77. Pata-fla-fla paradiddle
  78. Flam Drags
  79. Flam drag-a-cue
  80. Da-flam-drag
  81. Non Alternating flam drag
  82. Swiss flam drag
  83. Flammed mill drag
  84. Swiss flam drag+flamtap
  85. Swiss flam drag-a-cue
  86. Da-swiss drag
  87. Swiss flam drag w/left up
  88. Cheese flam accents
  89. 3 stroke Cheese-a-cue
  90. Da cheese
  91. Flam 5
  92. Flam 5-a-cue
  93. Da flam 5
  94. Non alternating cheese
  95. Non alternating flam 5
  96. Flam 2/3
  97. Alt. Flam 2/3
  98. Single flam drag
  99. Alternating swiss flam drag
  100. Non alternating cheeseadiddle
  101. Cheese inverts
  102. 3 stroke cheese inverts
  103. Cheese fubars
  104. 4 stroke cheese fubars
  105. cheese chuchuttas
  106. fli-flo cheese
  107. Da chucheese
  108. Non Alternating Cheese chuchutta
  109. Cheese single hand patty
  110. Cheese 5 single hand patty
  111. 4 stroke swiss drag
  112. fla-fla swiss drag
  113. cheese-a-diddle
  114. Flam drag Paradiddle
  115. Flam 5 paradiddle
  116. Flam 5 superdiddle
  117. Cheese-a-flam tap
  118. Cheese-a-cue flamadiddle
  119. Cheese a diddle (variations)
  120. Cheese 5 paradiddle (variations
  121. Flam a single
  122. Cheese a single
  123. Cheese 5 a single
  124. Flamadiddlediddle (variations)
  125. Diddle a flam tap
  126. Book Reports (variations)
  127. Book Marks (variations)
  128. Parcheesediddle
  129. Funky cheese
  130. Funky cheese inverts
  131. Non Alternating funky cheese
  132. Alternating flam thing
  133. Alternating cheese thing
  134. Alternating cheese 5 thing
  135. Alternating flam 6 stroke thing
  136. Alternating flam 7 swiss cheese
  137. Swiss flam 5
  138. 3-2 flam 5

Practical Use

Some rudiments are rather esoteric, such as the Single Flammed Mill and the Ratatap, and are used only in a very small number of drum parts. They can still provide valuable practice to all percussionists, however, as they exercise different degrees of hand-independence and fine stick control.

Others, such as the Flam, Drag and Paradiddle form the basis of a wide range of rhthms in orchestral, drum-kit and marching percussion. The Paradiddle in particular is very versatile, forming the basis of many popular music drum fills.

Open, Closed, Open

When used in auditions for orchestral gigs and school Honor Bands, rudiments are almost always performed in an Open, closed, open format.

External link

de:Rudiments

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