AY Honors/Woodworking/Answer Key/es: Difference between revisions

From Pathfinder Wiki
< AY Honors | Woodworking
AY Honors/Woodworking/Answer Key/es
← Older edit
W126jep (talk | contribs)
autopatrolled, Main Translators, patrollers, Administrators, translate-proofr
250,515 edits
Created page with "</noinclude>"
W126jep (talk | contribs)
autopatrolled, Main Translators, patrollers, Administrators, translate-proofr
250,515 edits
No edit summary
 
(12 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 68: Line 68:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 2. Recopilar y etiquetar cinco diferentes clases de madera utilizados en los trabajos en madera. Decir las ventajas y desventajas de cada uno. -->
<!-- 2. Collect and label five different kinds of wood used in woodworking. Tell the advantages and disadvantages of each. -->
'''Pine''' is the most commonly available wood in North America. Its primary advantage is that it is relatively cheap. This is because it grows rather quickly. Another characteristic of pine is that it is soft. This can be both an advantage and a disadvantage. The advantage of a soft wood is that it is easy to work. The disadvantage is that it can break easily; delicate joinery that works fine in hardwoods will not hold up in pine. Most dimensional lumber (i.e., 2x4's) is made from pine.
</div>


{{clear}}
{{clear}}
Line 93: Line 90:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 3. Hacer una lista de las herramientas básicas de mano y eléctricas necesarias para hacer trabajos en madera. Saber cómo utilizar con seguridad cada herramienta y la forma de mantenerla en buen estado de funcionamiento, incluyendo el afilado, si procede. -->
<!-- 3. List the basic hand and power tools necessary to do woodworking. Know how to safely use each tool and how to keep it in proper working order, including sharpening, if applicable. -->
</div>


{{clear}}
{{clear}}
Line 122: Line 117:
{{clear}}
{{clear}}


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{clear}}
Furniture clamps (also called bar clamps) often have padded clamping surfaces, so making unwanted impressions on the wood is avoided. These are used for clamping large boards together, usually edge-to-edge.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{clear}}
Clamps can be periodically wiped down with a cloth and oil to keep rust at bay.
</div>


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{clear}}
=== Drills, Bits, and Braces ===
Drills, Bits, and Braces are used for boring holes in wood. A brace and bit is the "old-style" cordless drill. It is hand-powered. The brace holds the bit, and the woodworker's hand cranks it, inducing a rotation in the bit. To drill a clean hole with either a brace and bit or a drill and bit, hold the bit perpendicular to the board and start drilling. You can start a pilot hole with a nail or a punch first to keep the bit from wandering. There are two ways to prevent tear-out when boring a hole. The first method is to support the board and drill into the supporting material. For this to work, the board and its support must be firmly clamped together. The second method can be used if you have a bit with a point that is much narrower than the hole's diameter (such as a spade bit, a brad-point bit, or a bit with a screw-lead). Using such a bit, drill through the material until the tip comes through the other side. Then turn the board over and place the bit in this hole. Continue drilling toward the center.
</div>


{{clear}}
{{clear}}
Line 140: Line 128:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 4. Explicar las siguientes ensambladuras: -->
<!-- 4. Explain the following joints: -->
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4a}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4a}}
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude></noinclude>
Line 211: Line 197:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 5. Conocer las características y cómo trabajar con lo siguiente: -->
<!-- 5. Know the characteristics of and how to work with the following: -->
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5a}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5a}}
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude></noinclude>
Line 249: Line 233:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 6. Saber por lo menos dos maneras de terminar los bordes de madera contrachapada. -->
<!-- 6. Know at least two ways to finish the edges of plywood. -->
</div>


{{clear}}
{{clear}}
Line 259: Line 241:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 7. Demostrar la técnica correcta de empaste y sujeción de madera. -->
<!-- 7. Demonstrate the proper technique of gluing and clamping wood. -->
The first rule of gluing wood joints is that glue does not stick to end-grain. Most woodworking joints were in fact designed to avoid the application of glue to an end-grain surface. Evaluate your joint first, and find two non end-grain surfaces that will come into contact. After making a test fit, apply glue to one of these surfaces. Spread the glue in a thin layer, being careful to not use too much glue. Then clamp the two pieces together. Use enough clamping pressure so that the pieces are held firmly together, but do not use so much force that all the glue is squeezed out of the joint. Once clamped, the pieces should be left alone until the glue sets. Setting times vary from one glue to the next, so read the instructions on the glue container.
</div>


<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 8. Elegir un plan para un artículo de mobiliario doméstico completo tal como una pequeña mesa, taburete, escritorio o biblioteca. Hacer una lista de los materiales necesarios para el proyecto. -->
<!-- 8. Choose a plan for and complete an article of household furniture, such as a small table, footstool, writing desk, or bookcase. List the materials needed for your project. -->
There are thousands of plans available on the Internet, and many of them can be downloaded for free. Others are offered for a fee. You can also find plans in books and in woodworking magazines (although the magazines tend to have more complex plans). Choose plans that are simple. Although the instructor may be an experienced woodworker, the student is often not. Avoid complicated joints such as dovetails and mortise and tenons. Butt joints, dados, and lap joints are within the reach of a 12 year-old, so steer your Pathfinders to projects that use them. Use lots of pine. Pine is relatively inexpensive, and using it makes it a lot easier to start over. It can be heartbreaking to watch a youngster destroy an expensive piece of wood, and the temptation to salvage it (and thus ruin the project) can be overwhelming. Save complicated projects and expensive hardwoods for after the Pathfinder develops some skill.
</div>


{{clear}}
{{clear}}
Line 327: Line 303:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=9}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=9}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 9. Conocer y usar los pasos adecuados para el acabado de un proyecto con la madera, ya sea natural o teñida. -->
<!-- 9. Know and use the proper steps in finishing a wood project with either natural finish or stain. -->
The first step in finishing a wood project is to make sure all the surfaces are smooth. This is most commonly done by sanding the surfaces with sandpaper, starting with rougher paper (80-100 grit) and then progressing though successively finer grits (often to 220 grit). Sanding is only necessary if the surface is not already smooth, and some tools (notably planes and cabinet scrapers) will leave a sufficiently smooth surface so that sanding is unnecessary. In fact, sandpaper was patented in the United States in 1834, and woodworking had been going on for millennia prior to that!
</div> 


{{clear}}
{{clear}}
Line 346: Line 319:
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 9 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 9 -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<!-- 10. Hacer dos de los siguientes: -->
<!-- 10. Do two of the following: -->
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10a}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10a}}
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude></noinclude>
Line 377: Line 348:
{{clear}}
{{clear}}


{{clear}}
{{clear}}  


<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10c -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10c -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10d}} <!--T:125-->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10d}} <!--T:125-->
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10d -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10d -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10e}}
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10e}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
 
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
<noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10e -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10e -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10 -->
{{CloseHonorPage}}
{{CloseHonorPage}}

Latest revision as of 21:23, 14 July 2022

Other languages:
Trabajos en madera

Nivel de destreza

2

Año

1934

Version

10.09.2026

Autoridad de aprobación

Asociación General

Trabajos en madera
Actividades vocacionales
Nivel de destreza
123
Autoridad de aprobación
Asociación General
Año de introducción
1934
Vea también
Maestría Técnica


1

Decir cómo los siguientes procesos están relacionados con la madera y la manera en que cada proceso se realiza:


1a

Sembrar árboles



1b

La recolección de árboles



1c

Fresado



1d

Curado



1e

La clasificación



1f

El calibrado




2

Recopilar y etiquetar cinco diferentes clases de madera utilizados en los trabajos en madera. Decir las ventajas y desventajas de cada uno.



3

Hacer una lista de las herramientas básicas de mano y eléctricas necesarias para hacer trabajos en madera. Saber cómo utilizar con seguridad cada herramienta y la forma de mantenerla en buen estado de funcionamiento, incluyendo el afilado, si procede.



4

Explicar las siguientes ensambladuras:


4a

Superpuesta



4b

Encastrada



4c

Cola de milano



4d

Clavija



4e

Media madera



4f

Inglete con punta plana



4g

Muesca y espiga



4h

Por ranuras




5

Conocer las características y cómo trabajar con lo siguiente:


5a

Cartón piedra



5b

Madera comprimida



5c

Madera contrachapada




6

Saber por lo menos dos maneras de terminar los bordes de madera contrachapada.



7

Demostrar la técnica correcta de empaste y sujeción de madera.



8

Elegir un plan para un artículo de mobiliario doméstico completo tal como una pequeña mesa, taburete, escritorio o biblioteca. Hacer una lista de los materiales necesarios para el proyecto.



9

Conocer y usar los pasos adecuados para el acabado de un proyecto con la madera, ya sea natural o teñida.



10

Hacer dos de los siguientes:


10a

Hacer un proyecto con una puerta o tapa con bisagras de inserción.



10b

Hacer una maqueta de una casa o un edificio con un corte longitudinal mostrando el interior en detalle.



10c

Ayudar en la formulación y/o reparación de juguetes de madera para los niños necesitados.



10d

Hacer un proyecto usando ensambladuras del tipo clavija, inglete de punta plana o muesca y espiga.



10e

Hacer un proyecto con cortes curvos, biselados o bordes redondeados.




Retrieved from "https://wiki.pathfindersonline.org/index.php?title=AY_Honors/Woodworking/Answer_Key/es&oldid=571888"