Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Dams and Levees/Requirements/en"
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<section begin=Body /> | <section begin=Body /> | ||
| − | <b>1. <section begin=req1 /><noinclude> | + | <b>1. <section begin=req1 /><noinclude></noinclude>What is a dam? Briefly describe what it does and how it is different from a levee. |
| − | </noinclude>What is a dam? Briefly describe what it does and how it is different from a levee. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req1 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>2. <section begin=req2 /><noinclude> | + | <b>2. <section begin=req2 /><noinclude></noinclude>Explain how beavers build dams and why. How do beaver dams affect the environment? How else can dams be created in nature? |
| − | </noinclude>Explain how beavers build dams and why. How do beaver dams affect the environment? How else can dams be created in nature? | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req2 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>3. <section begin=req3 /><noinclude> | + | <b>3. <section begin=req3 /><noinclude></noinclude>What are the benefits of dams? What are some potentially negative aspects of dams? |
| − | </noinclude>What are the benefits of dams? What are some potentially negative aspects of dams? | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req3 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>4. <section begin=req4 /><noinclude> | + | <b>4. <section begin=req4 /><noinclude></noinclude>List five materials historically used in constructing a dam embankment. |
| − | </noinclude>List five materials historically used in constructing a dam embankment. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req4 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>5. <section begin=req5 /><noinclude> | + | <b>5. <section begin=req5 /><noinclude></noinclude>From pictures, identify the following structures and explain their features and application: |
| − | </noinclude>From pictures, identify the following structures and explain their features and application: | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req5a /><noinclude> | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req5a /><noinclude></noinclude>Arch dam |
| − | </noinclude>Arch dam | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5a /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req5b /><noinclude> | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req5b /><noinclude></noinclude>Buttress dam |
| − | </noinclude>Buttress dam | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5b /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req5c /><noinclude> | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req5c /><noinclude></noinclude>Gravity dam |
| − | </noinclude>Gravity dam | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5c /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>d. <section begin=req5d /><noinclude> | + | :<b>d. <section begin=req5d /><noinclude></noinclude>Diversion dam |
| − | </noinclude> | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5d /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>e. <section begin=req5e /><noinclude> | + | :<b>e. <section begin=req5e /><noinclude></noinclude>Hydroelectric dam |
| − | </noinclude>Hydroelectric dam | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5e /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>f. <section begin=req5f /><noinclude> | + | :<b>f. <section begin=req5f /><noinclude></noinclude>Levee or dike |
| − | </noinclude>Levee or dike | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5f /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>g. <section begin=req5g /><noinclude> | + | :<b>g. <section begin=req5g /><noinclude></noinclude>Locks |
| − | </noinclude>Locks | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5g /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>h. <section begin=req5h /><noinclude> | + | :<b>h. <section begin=req5h /><noinclude></noinclude>Low-head dam (weir) |
| − | </noinclude>Low-head dam (weir) | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5h /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>i. <section begin=req5i /><noinclude> | + | :<b>i. <section begin=req5i /><noinclude></noinclude>Run-of-the-river dam |
| − | </noinclude>Run-of-the-river dam | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5i /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>j. <section begin=req5j /><noinclude> | + | :<b>j. <section begin=req5j /><noinclude></noinclude>Saddle dam |
| − | </noinclude>Saddle dam | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req5j /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>6. <section begin=req6 /><noinclude> | + | <b>6. <section begin=req6 /><noinclude></noinclude>Know the following terms to be able to explain it to someone unfamiliar with dams and levees: |
| − | </noinclude>Know the following terms to be able to explain it to someone unfamiliar with dams and levees: | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req6 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req6a /><noinclude> | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req6a /><noinclude></noinclude>Cut-off trench |
| − | </noinclude>Cut-off trench | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req6a /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req6b /><noinclude> | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req6b /><noinclude></noinclude>Fish passage/ladder |
| − | </noinclude>Fish passage/ladder | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req6b /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req6c /><noinclude> | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req6c /><noinclude></noinclude>Rock toe |
| − | </noinclude>Rock toe | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req6c /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>d. <section begin=req6d /><noinclude> | + | :<b>d. <section begin=req6d /><noinclude></noinclude>Spillway |
| − | </noinclude>Spillway | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req6d /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>e. <section begin=req6e /><noinclude> | + | :<b>e. <section begin=req6e /><noinclude></noinclude>Piping |
| − | </noinclude>Piping | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req6e /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>7. <section begin=req7 /><noinclude> | + | <b>7. <section begin=req7 /><noinclude></noinclude>Explain why someone should consider a low-head dam dangerous and avoid it while canoeing, kayaking or swimming. |
| − | </noinclude>Explain why someone should consider a low-head dam dangerous and avoid it while canoeing, kayaking or swimming. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req7 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
<section begin=challenge /> | <section begin=challenge /> | ||
| − | <b>8. <section begin=req8 /><noinclude> | + | <b>8. <section begin=req8 /><noinclude></noinclude>Dams are complicated structures. How do the following issues affect the consideration, design or construction of a dam? |
| − | </noinclude>Dams are complicated structures. How do the following issues affect the consideration, design or construction of a dam? | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req8a /><noinclude> | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req8a /><noinclude></noinclude>Wildlife |
| − | </noinclude>Wildlife | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8a /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req8b /><noinclude> | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req8b /><noinclude></noinclude>Water quality |
| − | </noinclude>Water quality | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8b /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req8c /><noinclude> | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req8c /><noinclude></noinclude>Emergency spillway |
| − | </noinclude>Emergency spillway | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8c /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>d. <section begin=req8d /><noinclude> | + | :<b>d. <section begin=req8d /><noinclude></noinclude>Emergency action plan |
| − | </noinclude>Emergency action plan | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8d /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>e. <section begin=req8e /><noinclude> | + | :<b>e. <section begin=req8e /><noinclude></noinclude>Safety |
| − | </noinclude>Safety | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8e /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>f. <section begin=req8f /><noinclude> | + | :<b>f. <section begin=req8f /><noinclude></noinclude>Geotechnical investigations |
| − | </noinclude>Geotechnical investigations | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8f /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>g. <section begin=req8g /><noinclude> | + | :<b>g. <section begin=req8g /><noinclude></noinclude>Discharge structure |
| − | </noinclude>Discharge structure | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8g /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>h. <section begin=req8h /><noinclude> | + | :<b>h. <section begin=req8h /><noinclude></noinclude>Slope stability |
| − | </noinclude>Slope stability | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8h /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>i. <section begin=req8i /><noinclude> | + | :<b>i. <section begin=req8i /><noinclude></noinclude>Hydrology and hydrologic analysis |
| − | </noinclude>Hydrology and hydrologic analysis | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8i /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>j. <section begin=req8j /><noinclude> | + | :<b>j. <section begin=req8j /><noinclude></noinclude>Flow net analysis |
| − | </noinclude>Flow net analysis | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8j /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>k. <section begin=req8k /><noinclude> | + | :<b>k. <section begin=req8k /><noinclude></noinclude>Permitting |
| − | </noinclude>Permitting | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req8k /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
<section end=challenge /> | <section end=challenge /> | ||
| − | <b>9. <section begin=req9 /><noinclude> | + | <b>9. <section begin=req9 /><noinclude></noinclude>Research or interview an engineer or other expert on dam safety. Have the expert explain the inspection techniques that they use to identify a failing dam. |
| − | </noinclude>Research or interview an engineer or other expert on dam safety. Have the expert explain the inspection techniques that they use to identify a failing dam. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req9 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>10. <section begin=req10 /><noinclude> | + | <b>10. <section begin=req10 /><noinclude></noinclude>Do one of the following: |
| − | </noinclude>Do one of the following: | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>a. <section begin=req10a /><noinclude> | + | :<b>a. <section begin=req10a /><noinclude></noinclude>Research and/or visit a fish passage/ladder for a dam structure and design/sketch one for a dam near you. |
| − | </noinclude>Research and/or visit a fish passage/ladder for a dam structure and design/sketch one for a dam near you. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10a /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>b. <section begin=req10b /><noinclude> | + | :<b>b. <section begin=req10b /><noinclude></noinclude>Research and/or visit a locks system. Using materials of your choice, construct a model of a lock system with moving parts. |
| − | </noinclude>Research and/or visit a locks system. Using materials of your choice, construct a model of a lock system with moving parts. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10b /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | :<b>c. <section begin=req10c /><noinclude> | + | :<b>c. <section begin=req10c /><noinclude></noinclude>Using contour maps, design a dam for a local stream and do/answer the following: |
| − | </noinclude>Using contour maps, design a dam for a local stream and do/answer the following: | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10c /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | ::<b>i. <section begin=req10ci /><noinclude> | + | ::<b>i. <section begin=req10ci /><noinclude></noinclude>Draw a plan view and cross section(s) of your dam showing spillway, emergency spillway, crest, slope angles, toe of slopes, normal high-water elevation and other pertinent features. |
| − | </noinclude>Draw a plan view and cross section(s) of your dam showing spillway, emergency spillway, crest, slope angles, toe of slopes, normal high-water elevation and other pertinent features. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10ci /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | ::<b>ii. <section begin=req10cii /><noinclude> | + | ::<b>ii. <section begin=req10cii /><noinclude></noinclude>What type of dam did you select and why? |
| − | </noinclude>What type of dam did you select and why? | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10cii /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | ::<b>iii. <section begin=req10ciii /><noinclude> | + | ::<b>iii. <section begin=req10ciii /><noinclude></noinclude>What is the Hydraulic Head of your dam? |
| − | </noinclude>What is the Hydraulic Head of your dam? | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10ciii /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | ::<b>iv. <section begin=req10civ /><noinclude> | + | ::<b>iv. <section begin=req10civ /><noinclude></noinclude>Outline the limits of the watershed that is tributary to your dam. |
| − | </noinclude>Outline the limits of the watershed that is tributary to your dam. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10civ /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | ::<b>v. <section begin=req10cv /><noinclude> | + | ::<b>v. <section begin=req10cv /><noinclude></noinclude>How large (surface area and volume) of a reservoir will be impounded by your dam? |
| − | </noinclude>How large (surface area and volume) of a reservoir will be impounded by your dam? | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req10cv /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>11. <section begin=req11 /><noinclude> | + | <b>11. <section begin=req11 /><noinclude></noinclude>Read Daniel 5 and research how Darius the Mede captured Babylon. Find two other places in the Bible where dams or the control of water are mentioned. |
| − | </noinclude>Read Daniel 5 and research how Darius the Mede captured Babylon. Find two other places in the Bible where dams or the control of water are mentioned. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req11 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
| − | <b>12. <section begin=req12 /><noinclude> | + | <b>12. <section begin=req12 /><noinclude></noinclude>Share a devotional with your Pathfinder club on a spiritual lesson that you learned while studying this honor. |
| − | </noinclude>Share a devotional with your Pathfinder club on a spiritual lesson that you learned while studying this honor. | + | <noinclude></noinclude><section end=req12 /></b> |
| − | <noinclude | ||
| − | |||
<section end=Body /> | <section end=Body /> | ||
Latest revision as of 14:32, 25 March 2024
Dams and Levees
Skill Level
2
Year
2024
Version
25.11.2024
Approval authority
North American Division
1. What is a dam? Briefly describe what it does and how it is different from a levee.
2. Explain how beavers build dams and why. How do beaver dams affect the environment? How else can dams be created in nature?
3. What are the benefits of dams? What are some potentially negative aspects of dams?
4. List five materials historically used in constructing a dam embankment.
5. From pictures, identify the following structures and explain their features and application:
- a. Arch dam
- b. Buttress dam
- c. Gravity dam
- d. Diversion dam
- e. Hydroelectric dam
- f. Levee or dike
- g. Locks
- h. Low-head dam (weir)
- i. Run-of-the-river dam
- j. Saddle dam
6. Know the following terms to be able to explain it to someone unfamiliar with dams and levees:
- a. Cut-off trench
- b. Fish passage/ladder
- c. Rock toe
- d. Spillway
- e. Piping
7. Explain why someone should consider a low-head dam dangerous and avoid it while canoeing, kayaking or swimming.
8. Dams are complicated structures. How do the following issues affect the consideration, design or construction of a dam?
- a. Wildlife
- b. Water quality
- c. Emergency spillway
- d. Emergency action plan
- e. Safety
- f. Geotechnical investigations
- g. Discharge structure
- h. Slope stability
- i. Hydrology and hydrologic analysis
- j. Flow net analysis
- k. Permitting
9. Research or interview an engineer or other expert on dam safety. Have the expert explain the inspection techniques that they use to identify a failing dam.
10. Do one of the following:
- a. Research and/or visit a fish passage/ladder for a dam structure and design/sketch one for a dam near you.
- b. Research and/or visit a locks system. Using materials of your choice, construct a model of a lock system with moving parts.
- c. Using contour maps, design a dam for a local stream and do/answer the following:
- i. Draw a plan view and cross section(s) of your dam showing spillway, emergency spillway, crest, slope angles, toe of slopes, normal high-water elevation and other pertinent features.
- ii. What type of dam did you select and why?
- iii. What is the Hydraulic Head of your dam?
- iv. Outline the limits of the watershed that is tributary to your dam.
- v. How large (surface area and volume) of a reservoir will be impounded by your dam?
11. Read Daniel 5 and research how Darius the Mede captured Babylon. Find two other places in the Bible where dams or the control of water are mentioned.
12. Share a devotional with your Pathfinder club on a spiritual lesson that you learned while studying this honor.
