Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Orienteering/Answer Key/es"

From Pathfinder Wiki
< AY Honors‎ | OrienteeringAY Honors/Orienteering/Answer Key/es
(Created page with "{{clear}}")
 
(14 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<languages /><br />
+
{{HonorSubpage}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
{{honor_desc/es
+
{{Division variant/es|division=División Sudamericana}}
|stage=00
 
|honorname=Orientación
 
|skill=2
 
|year=1956
 
|category=Recreación
 
|authority=Asociación General
 
|insignia=Orienteering_Honor.png
 
}}
 
 
 
{{Division variant (GC)/es|division=División del Pacífico Sur}}
 
 
 
{{Honor_Master/es|honor=Orientación|master=Vida Primitiva}}
 
{{Honor_Master/es|honor=Orientación|master=Recreación}}
 
 
 
{{IAConnection/es|[[Investiture_Achievement/Voyager/Outdoor Living/es|VIAJERO AL AIRE LIBRE Vida al Aire Libre]]|completar esta especialidad o una de 4 otras, no obtenida previamente|}}
 
 
 
Para esta especialidad, necesitará una [https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss_2?__mk_es_US=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&url=search-alias%3Dsporting&field-keywords=br%C3%BAjula+militar&rh=n%3A3375251%2Ck%3Abr%C3%BAjula+militar brújula militar] como la del enlace hacia Amazon. También necesitará mapas topográficas que se pueden descargar gratuitamente o se pueden comprar.
 
 
 
 
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<section begin="Body" />
 
<section begin="Body" />
Line 35: Line 16:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!--  2. Identify at least 20 signs and symbols used on topographic maps. -->
+
<!--  2. Identificar al menos 20 signos y símbolos utilizados en los mapas topográficos. -->
These symbols are used by the U.S. National Park Service:
 
<gallery>
 
Image:NPS map symbol airport.png|Airport
 
Image:NPS map symbol boat launch.png|Boat launch
 
Image:NPS map symbol campground.png|Campground
 
Image:NPS map symbol canoe access.png|Canoe access
 
Image:NPS map symbol drinking water.png|Drinking water
 
Image:NPS map symbol first aid.png|First aid
 
Image:NPS map symbol fishing.png|Fishing
 
Image:NPS map symbol food service.png|Food service
 
Image:NPS map symbol four wheel drive road.png|Four-wheel drive access
 
Image:NPS map symbol gas station.png|Gas station
 
Image:NPS map symbol hospital.png|Hospital
 
Image:NPS map symbol information.png|Information
 
Image:NPS map symbol litter receptacle.png|Litter receptacle
 
Image:NPS map symbol lodging.png|Lodging
 
Image:NPS map symbol parking.png|Parking area
 
Image:NPS map symbol picnic area.png|Picnic area
 
Image:NPS map symbol ranger station.png|Ranger station
 
Image:NPS map symbol recycling.png|Recycling
 
Image:NPS map symbol restrooms.png|Restrooms
 
Image:NPS map symbol rv campground.png|RV campground
 
Image:NPS map symbol self guiding trail.png|Self-guiding trail
 
Image:NPS map symbol shelter.png|Shelter
 
Image:NPS map symbol store.png|Store
 
Image:NPS map symbol telephone.png|Telephone
 
Image:NPS map symbol trailhead.png|Trailhead
 
Image:NPS map symbol bridge.png|Bridge
 
Image:NPS map symbol hiking trail.png|Hiking trail
 
Image:NPS map symbol marsh.png|Marsh
 
Image:NPS map symbol parking area.png|Parking area
 
Image:NPS map symbol rapids.png|Rapids
 
Image:NPS map symbols spring.png|Spring
 
Image:NPS map symbol unpaved road.png|Unpaved road
 
</gallery>
 
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
Line 76: Line 22:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!--  3. Give the nomenclature of an orienteering compass. -->
+
<!--  3. Dar la nomenclatura de una brújula de orientación. -->
[[File:Lensatic compass.gif|frame|Lensatic Compass]]
 
<br style="clear:both">
 
The lensatic compass consists of three major parts: the cover, the base, and the lens.
 
  
 
{{clear}}
 
{{clear}}
Line 91: Line 34:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!--  4. Know the meaning of the following terms: -->
+
<!--  4. Conocer el significado de los siguientes términos: -->
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4a}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4a}}
Line 131: Line 74:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!--  5. Demonstrate how to shoot a magnetic azimuth. -->
+
<!--  5. Demostrar cómo encontrar el acimut magnético. -->
  
 
{{clear}}
 
{{clear}}
Line 141: Line 84:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!-- 6. Demonstrate how to march on a magnetic azimuth. -->
+
<!-- 6. Demostrar la manera de andar con un acimut magnético. -->
[[File:Compass shooting azimuth.gif|frame|Compass preset at 320 degrees.]]
 
<br style="clear:both">
 
  
 
{{clear}}
 
{{clear}}
Line 153: Line 94:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!--  7. Know two methods to correct for declination and when correction is necessary. -->
+
<!--  7. Conocer dos métodos para corregir la declinación. -->
=== Method #1 ===
 
(These directions assume your orienting arrow lines up with the North indicator on your compass dial, meaning the compass has not been adjusted for declination).
 
  
 
{{clear}}
 
{{clear}}
Line 209: Line 148:
 
{{clear}}
 
{{clear}}
  
The magnetic needle in a compass is attracted by the magnetism of the Earth, and therefore always points to the constantly shifting Magnetic North Pole. The Geographic North Pole is static and is located about 1200 miles north of the Magnetic Pole. Maps and directions are usually oriented toward the Geographic Pole, also referred to as "True North."
+
{{clear}}
  
Magnetic declination is the direction and amount of variation between the Magnetic Pole and True North. The amount and direction of declination depends upon how those two poles align relative to a given point on Earth. When the two poles align, declination is zero, and the line of zero declination is termed the agonic line. At points west of the agonic line, a magnetic needle will point east of true north (positive declination). At points east of the agonic line, a magnetic needle will point west of true north (negative declination). There is a pattern, but it does not follow meridians or parallels. Isogonic lines are like magnetic contour lines -they trace a path of constant magnetic declination.
+
{{clear}}
[[File:Magneticdeclination.jpg]]
 
<br tyle="clear:both">
 
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
Line 219: Line 156:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!-- 8. Be able to orient yourself and a map by inspection and by compass. -->
+
<!-- 8. Ser capaz de orientarse por sí mismo y un mapa, por inspección y por una brújula. -->
Place the compass on the map so the baseplate parallels the north-to-south map neat line. Rotate the dial until compass ring North agrees with map North. Add or subtract the amount needed to adjust for local magnetic declination (subtract if local declination is positive, add if local declination is negative); if your adjustable declination compass is already calibrated for local declination, you don’t need to add or subtract, just make sure compass ring North (not the orienting arrow) agrees with map North. Holding the map and compass steadily (the baseplate should still be on the north-to-south map neat line), rotate the map and compass all in one motion until the red magnetic needle overlays the orienting arrow. Again, make sure there is no interference from metal when you perform this (ex: rebar in concrete). Your map and your compass are now oriented to true north. Compare the physical features around you with your map to help derive your location on the map..
 
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
Line 226: Line 162:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=9}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=9}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!--  9. Explain resection and its use. -->
+
<!--  9. Explicar la triangulación y su uso. -->
Resection is a method of using a compass and a map to determine your current position. The first step is to find a feature of the landscape that you can also identify on the map. This could be a mountain peak, an intersection, a bridge, or even a utility pole (some topographic maps mark where high-voltage lines are, as well as the position of the poles that hold them up). The closer these two landmarks are to 90° offset from one another, the more accurate the resection will be. For instance, if the first landmark is at 115°, choose the second one as close to either 205° (115°+90°) or 25° (115°-90°) as you can. This is not a hard and fast rule, and the prominence of the landmark may well be more important than the 90° offset. Once you have shot an azimuth to the first landmark, calculate the ''back azimuth'', and plot a line on your map from the landmark towards (and past) your current position (which should be somewhere on that line). Be sure to correct for declination when plotting this line. Then shoot the azimuth of the second landmark, and plot ''it's'' back azimuth on the map as well, again correcting for declination. If your readings are accurate and your plotting was done carefully, your current position should be very close to where these two lines intersect.
 
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
Line 233: Line 168:
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!--  10. Prove your ability in the use of a map and/or a compass by following a one-mile (1.6 km) cross-country course with at least five given readings or control points. -->
+
<!--  10. Demostrar su habilidad en el uso de un mapa y/o una brújula, siguiendo el curso de una milla (1.6 km) a campo traviesa con un mínimo de cinco puntos de lectura o puntos de control. -->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Compass course}}
+
{{:AY Honors/Compass course/es}}
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10 -->
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10 -->
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
== References ==
+
==Referencias==
*Answer to requirements 5 and 6 were adapted from the [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/policy/army/fm/3-25-26/ch9.htm U.S. Army Field Manual FM 3-25.26]
 
*Answers to requirement 7 and 8 were taken verbatim from http://education.usgs.gov/common/lessons/how_to_use_a_compass_with_a_usgs_topographic_map.html
 
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<section end="Body" />
+
{{CloseHonorPage}}

Latest revision as of 16:01, 7 September 2021

Other languages:
English • ‎español • ‎français
Orientación

Nivel de destreza

2

Año

1956

Version

29.11.2024

Autoridad de aprobación

Asociación General

Orienteering AY Honor.png
Orientación
Actividades recreacionales
Nivel de destreza
123
Autoridad de aprobación
Asociación General
Año de introducción
1956
Vea también


Template:Division variant/es


1

Explicar qué es un mapa topográfico, lo que se espera encontrar en él y tres usos de él.



2

Identificar al menos 20 signos y símbolos utilizados en los mapas topográficos.



3

Dar la nomenclatura de una brújula de orientación.



4

Conocer el significado de los siguientes términos:


4a

Elevación


4b

Curvas de nivel (isolínea)


4c

Norte magnético


4d

Declinación


4e

Escala


4f

Medición


4g

Retro-acimut


4h

Norte verdadero


4i

Acimut


4j

Distancia


4k

Formas de la tierra




5

Demostrar cómo encontrar el acimut magnético.



6

Demostrar la manera de andar con un acimut magnético.



7

Conocer dos métodos para corregir la declinación.



8

Ser capaz de orientarse por sí mismo y un mapa, por inspección y por una brújula.



9

Explicar la triangulación y su uso.



10

Demostrar su habilidad en el uso de un mapa y/o una brújula, siguiendo el curso de una milla (1.6 km) a campo traviesa con un mínimo de cinco puntos de lectura o puntos de control.


Como el instructor, usted será responsable de establecer un curso. Hay muchas maneras de hacer esto, pero una cosa que sí funciona bien es el uso de estacas para marcar los puntos de control. Cuando presente el curso, asegúrese de que no tiene nada magnético en su persona, ya que esto confunde las lecturas de las brújulas para todos. Si puede pasar a través de un detector de metales en un aeropuerto, debe estar bien. Tenga mucho cuidado al buscar sus acimuts y anótelas. Esto sería un mal momento para descubrir que su memoria no es tan buena como lo pensaba. Si está marcando los puntos de control, está bien estimar las distancias. Recuerde que para la mayoría de la gente dos pasos es igual a casi 1.5 metros. Por lo tanto, se puede hacer una estimación razonable de la distancia. Si tiene una dirección precisa, debe ser suficiente. También puede indicar el número de pasos en lugar de la distancia en metros. Sus instrucciones deben indicar que el Conquistador debe caminar una dirección particular por una distancia aproximada y buscar la estaca. Después, dispare el segundo acimut y repita, hasta que lleguen al punto de control final. Asegúrese que recoja las estacas en el camino de regreso.




Referencias