Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Currency/Answer Key/es"

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Very soon, we decided stones would not be a good ''medium of exchange'', because:
 
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# it was not very portable
 
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# it could not be easily divided
 
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# it was heavier than it was worth
 
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# sometimes we could not recognize it
 
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# and the neighbor's kid found a rockpile on the other side of the stream
 
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Fast forward a few years, and '''[[W:Currency|currency]]''' has now been developed. ''Currency'' is a unit of exchange, which allows goods and services to be exchanged. It is one form of money (where money is anything that serves as a medium of exchange, a store of value, and a standard of value).
 
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'''Unique forms of money'''
 
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_money
 
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File:Chinese shell money 16th 8th century BCE.jpg|Shells
 
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File:RealSalt.jpeg|Salt
 
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File:Morocco, Spices.JPG|Spices
 
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File:Dried Peppercorns.jpg|Pepper
 
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File:DunhillEarlyMorningPipeMurrays.jpg|Tobacco
 
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File:Erythroxylum coca.jpg|Coca paste
 
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File:Yap Stone Money.jpg|Stone money
 
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File:Chevronbeads.jpg|Trade beads
 
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<!-- 2. Relatar brevemente la historia de la acuñación de monedas y el papel moneda en su país. Asegurarse de mencionar las fechas del establecimiento de cualquier casa de la moneda (cecas) o plantas de grabado. También descubrir algún cambio en la composición metálica de una moneda, mencionando algún punto interesante en relación con este cambio. -->
 
<!-- 2. Relatar brevemente la historia de la acuñación de monedas y el papel moneda en su país. Asegurarse de mencionar las fechas del establecimiento de cualquier casa de la moneda (cecas) o plantas de grabado. También descubrir algún cambio en la composición metálica de una moneda, mencionando algún punto interesante en relación con este cambio. -->
  
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===United States Mint===
 
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The '''[[W:US_Mint|United States Mint]]''' primarily produces circulating coinage for the United States to conduct its trade and commerce. The main Mint facility is located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and branch facilities are located in Denver, Colorado, San Francisco, California, and West Point, New York.
 
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'''[[W:Mint_mark|Mint marks]]''' in United States coinage include:
 
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* P for the Philadelphia Mint,
 
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* D for the Denver Mint,
 
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* S for the San Francisco Mint,
 
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* W for the West Point Mint,
 
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* CC for the Carson City Mint,
 
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* C for the Charlotte Mint, and
 
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* O for the New Orleans Mint.
 
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Most coins of the Philadelphia Mint earlier than 1980 are unmarked.
 
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====Current Facilities====
 
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The Mint's largest facility is the Philadelphia Mint, one of four active coin-producing mints. The current facility at Philadelphia, which opened in 1969, is the fourth Philadelphia Mint. The first was built in 1792, when Philadelphia was still the U.S. capital, and began operation in 1793. Until 1980, coins minted at Philadelphia bore no mint mark, with the exceptions of the Susan B. Anthony dollar and the wartime Jefferson nickel. In 1980, the P mint mark was added to all U.S. coinage except the penny. Until 1968, the Philadelphia Mint was responsible for nearly all official proof coinage. Philadelphia is also the site of master die production for U.S. coinage, and the engraving and design departments of the Mint are also located there.
 
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The Denver branch began life in 1863 as the local assay office, just five years after gold was discovered in the area. By the turn of the century, the office was bringing in over $5 million in annual gold and silver deposits, and in 1906, the Mint opened its new Denver branch. Denver uses a D mint mark, and strikes coinage only for circulation. It also produces its own working dies ,as well as working dies for the other Mints.
 
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The San Francisco branch, opened in 1854 to serve the goldfields of the California Gold Rush, uses an S mint mark. It quickly outgrew its first building and moved into a new facility in 1874. This building, one of the few that survived the great earthquake of 1906, served until 1937, when the present facility was opened. It was closed in 1955, then reopened a decade later during the coin shortage of the mid-60s. In 1968, it took over most proof-coinage production from Philadelphia, and since 1975, it has been used solely for proof coinage, with the exception of the Anthony dollar and a portion of the mintage of cents in the early 1980s. (These cents are indistinguishable from those minted at Philadelphia.)
 
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The West Point branch is the newest branch mint. Its predecessor, the West Point Bullion Depository, was opened in 1937, and cents were produced there from 1973 to 1986. The West Point Mint gained official status as a branch mint on March 31, 1988. Along with the cents already mentioned, which were identical to those produced at Philadelphia, West Point has struck a great deal of commemorative and proof coinage bearing the W mint mark. In 1996, West Point produced clad dimes, but for collectors, not for circulation. The West Point facility is still used for storage of part of the United States' gold bullion reserves, and West Point is now the United States' only production facility for gold, silver and platinum American Eagle coins.
 
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The Mint is not responsible for the production of paper money; that is the responsibility of the '''[[W:Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing|Bureau of Engraving and Printing]]'''.
 
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===Bureau of Engraving and Printing===
 
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[[image:BureauEngravingPrintingSeal.jpeg|right|Seal of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing]]
 
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The '''[[W:Bureau_of_Engraving_and_Printing|Bureau of Engraving and Printing]]''' ('''BEP''') is an government agency in the United States Department of the Treasury that primarily prints Federal Reserve notes for the Federal Reserve, but also produces a variety of other government security documents.
 
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The Federal Reserve notes are printed at the bureau's facilities in Washington, D.C. and Fort Worth, Texas. The BEP produces other government products such as postage stamps for the United States Postal Service, hand engraved invitations on behalf of the White House, Treasury securities, identification cards, and naturalization certificates. The BEP does not produce any U.S. coins; that is the responsibility of the United States Mint. The Fort Worth facility was opened officially on April 26, 1991.
 
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The BEP had its foundations in 1861 with workers signing, separating, and trimming sheets of Demand Notes in the Treasury building. In 1877, the Bureau became the sole producer of all United States bills and notes.
 
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===Coin Composition===
 
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In 1792, law was enacted which said that American money was to be made of gold, silver, and copper for the $10, $5, and $2.50 coins. The $1, half-dollar, quarter, dime, and half-dime were made of silver. The 1-cent and half-cent were made of copper.
 
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During the Great Depression, the mint stopped producing gold coins (1933). In 1964 a silver crisis caused the replacement of silver in the quarter and dime, but the half-dollar's silver content was reduced from 90 per cent to 40 per cent silver from 1965 to 1970. Today, these coins are composed of cupro-nickel clad, with a pure copper core, and an outer layer of a 75 per cent copper, 25 per cent nickel alloy.
 
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Nickels are also made from the 75-25 alloy, and the cent which was a copper coin, is now composed of copper plated zinc. The cents are less expensive to manufacture, and weighs 2.5 grams and is about 20 percent less than cent coins previously minted with 95 percent copper and 5 percent zinc, which weighed 3.11 grams. The composition of the cent was changed in 1982, and cents, and both copper and copper-plated zinc cents were produced in that year.
 
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An alloy is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, and where the resulting material has metallic properties. The resulting metallic substance usually has different properties (sometimes significantly different) from those of its components. Nearly all coins are made of alloys.
 
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A coin that has had its date altered in an attempt to deceive someone into thinking it is more valuable than it really is.
 
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A buffed coin is one that's been polished to make it look like an uncirculated or proof coin. Buffing a coin wears down its original surface, reducing its value.
 
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Coins which are made by pouring a molten alloy into a mold.
 
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Coins made of layers, like a metal sandwich.
 
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Commemorative coins are legally issued coins with a design intended to commemorate or draw attention to some event or person. They are so called to distinguish them from regular issue coinage.
 
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An engraved tool used for stamping a design onto a coin.
 
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The field is the background—the part of the coin that shows no picture or words.
 
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An inscription is any letter, word, or phrase pressed into the surface of a coin.
 
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A coin having letters written on its edge.
 
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The mint mark is a small letter that tells which mint branch struck the coin.
 
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The front side of currency or a coin (often called "heads" on a coin).
 
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A blank disc of metal from which a coin is made.
 
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Proof coins use a special process that gives them a shiny, mirror-like background and a "frosted" relief. Proof sets are made every year for all of our circulating coins. Like uncirculated coins, proof coins are not meant to be spent.
 
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The reeded edges still found on many coins (always those that were once made of gold or silver, even if not so now) were originally designed to show that none of the valuable metal had been shaved off the coin. These show up as ridges along the edge of the coin.
 
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The back side of currency or a coin (often called "tails" on a coin).
 
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A particular design or motif used over a period of time. This can used for a single denomination, or in some cases, used for several denominations. The Liberty Seated series encompasses five denominations, the Barber series three, etc.
 
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A representative coin, usually a common date, from a particular issue of a specific design, size, or metallic content of U.S.coinage. For example: the "Mercury Head" dime is a "type" coin, as is the "Lincoln" penny.
 
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A whizzed coin has been wire brushed or burnished, often on a wheel, for the same reason. Whizzing a coin wears down its original surface, reducing its value.
 
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When a coin is made, the blank is placed inside a collar and the coin is struck with a die. Sometimes a very thin piece of metal from the blank will flow out between the collar and the die. This is called the wire edge.
 
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{{Paper money
 
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| name = One Dollar Bill
 
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| obverse = US $1 obverse.jpg
 
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| reverse = United States one dollar bill, reverse.jpg
 
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| obverse_description = George Washington, 1st U.S. President, Revolutionary War general
 
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| reverse_description = The Great Seal of the United States
 
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| name = Two Dollar Bill
 
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| obverse_description = Thomas Jefferson, 3rd U.S. President and primary author of the Declaration of Independence.
 
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| reverse_description = the painting The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull
 
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{{Paper money
 
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| name = Five Dollar Bill
 
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| obverse_description = Abraham Lincoln, 16th U.S. President, Ended slavery
 
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| name = Ten Dollar Bill
 
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| obverse = US $10 Series 2003 obverse.jpg
 
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| obverse_description = Alexander Hamilton, 1st Secretary of the Treasury.
 
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| reverse_description = the U.S. Treasury
 
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{{Paper money
 
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| name = Twenty Dollar Bill
 
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| obverse_description = Andrew Jackson, 7th U.S. President
 
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| reverse_description = the White House
 
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{{Paper money
 
−
| name = Fifty Dollar Bill
 
−
| obverse = Series2004NoteFront_50.jpg
 
−
| reverse = Series2004NoteBack 50.jpg
 
−
| obverse_description = Ulysses S. Grant, 18th U.S. President, Civil War hero
 
−
| reverse_description = the U.S. Capitol
 
−
}}
 
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−
<!-- 6. Know how coins are graded in quality by collectors. -->
 
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Grading coins is an art that requires some skill. Anyone with some practice can get a fairly good idea as to the neighborhood of the grade of a coin. It's important to know the grade of a coin because, in general, the higher the grade of a coin, the higher its value.
 
−
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United States coins are usually graded on a 70 point scale that was devised by Dr. William Shelby. 0 means that you can probably tell that it was once a coin, while 70 means that it is perfect. Some people, such as unscrupulous coin sellers, may overgrade coins so that they can sell them for more money than they are actually worth.
 
−
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If you don't know how to grade coins, you should not buy coins without help. If you do not know how to grade coins for yourself, you will eventually learn, but the process could be expensive. Selling coins does not present as much of a problem. Just take the coins you want to sell to several different dealers to get their opinions as to the grade. Always ask for the grade opinion before asking for a price, as it can help in negotiating a fair price.
 
−
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If you are interested in learning to grade coins yourself, you may want to start with the book titled "Official A.N.A. Grading Standards for United States Coins" published by the ANA.
 
−
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'''Grade and Description'''
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''Cull''' (Mutilated coin) These coins are not just worn out, but may be bent, broken, stuck together, or incomplete.
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''PO-1''' (Poor) Identifiable date and type
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''FR-2''' (Fair) Mostly worn, though some detail is visible
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''AG-3''' (About Good) Worn rims but most lettering is readable though worn
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''G-4''' (Good) Slightly worn rims, flat detail, peripheral lettering nearly full
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''G-6''' (Good) Rims complete with flat detail, peripheral lettering full
 
−
 
−
'''VG-8''' (Very Good) Design worn with slight detail
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''VG-10''' (Very Good) Design worn with slight detail, slightly clearer
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''F-12''' (Fine) Some deeply recessed areas with detail, all lettering sharp
 
−
 
−
'''F-15''' (Fine) Slightly more detail in the recessed areas, all lettering sharp
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''VF-20''' (Very Fine) Some definition of detail, all lettering full and sharp
 
−
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'''VF-25''' (Very Fine) Slightly more definition in the detail and lettering
 
−
 
−
'''VF-30''' (Very Finde) Almost complete detail with flat areas
 
−
</div>
 
  
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'''VF-35''' (Very Fine) Detail is complete but worn with high points flat
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''EF-40''' (Extremely Fine) Detail is complete with most high points slightly flat
 
−
</div>
 
  
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'''EF-45''' (Extremely Fine) Detail is complete with some high points flat
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''AU-50''' (About Uncirculated) Full detail with friction over most of the surface, slight flatness on high points
 
−
 
−
'''AU-53''' (About Uncirculated) Full detail with friction over 1/2 or more of surface, very slight flatness on high points
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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'''AU-55''' (About Uncirculated) Full detail with friction on less than 1/2 surface, mainly on high points
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''AU-58''' (About Uncirculated) Full detail with only slight friction on the high points
 
−
 
−
'''MS/PR-60''' (Mint State/Proof) No wear. May have many heavy marks/hairlines, strike may not be full
 
−
 
−
'''MS/PR-61''' (Mint State/Proof) No wear. Multiple heavy marks/hairlines, strike may not be full
 
−
 
−
'''MS/PR-62''' (Mint State/Proof) No wear. Slightly less marks/hairlines, strike may not be full
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''MS/PR-63''' (Mint State/Proof) Moderate number/size marks/hairlines, strike may not be full
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''MS/PR-64''' (Mint State/Proof) Few marks/hairlines or a couple of severe ones, strike should be average or above
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''MS/PR-65''' (Mint State/Proof) Minor marks/hairlines though none in focal areas, above average strike
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''MS/PR-66''' (Mint State/Proof) Few minor marks/hairlines not in focal areas, good strike
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''MS/PR-67''' (Mint State/Proof) Virtually as struck with minor imperfections, very well struck
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''MS/PR-68''' (Mint State/Proof) Virtually as struck with slight imperfections, slightest weakness of strike allowed
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''MS/PR-69''' (Mint State/Proof) Virtually as struck with minuscule imperfections, near full strike necessary
 
−
 
−
'''MS/PR-70''' (Mint State/Proof) As struck, with full strike
 
−
</div>
 
  
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<!-- 7. Compilar y montar un cuadro de monedas de su país de cualquier fecha de acuñación o de actual circulación. Monedas de prueba, conmemorativas, raras, de plata, o monedas costosas no son necesarias. En su colección debe: -->
−
<!-- 7. Collect and mount a type set of coins from your country of any date currently being minted or in circulation. Proof, commemorative, rare, silver, or expensive coins are not needed. -->
 
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:'''Remember:''' A ''type set'' is a coin design that does not change from year to year (except for the date and mint marks).
 
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<gallery>
 
−
Image:OMINTMARK.jpg|New Orleans 'O' Mint Mark
 
−
</gallery>
 
−
I could not find a closeup picture of the CC mint mark, so, here is an external link: [http://www.austincoins.com/RCU-carson-city-gold.htm Historic Carson City coins]
 
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<gallery>
 
−
File:Gobrecht 1838 obverse.jpg|Obverse side
 
−
File:Gobrecht 1838 reverse.jpg|Reverse side
 
−
</gallery>
 
−
The '''[[W:Gobrecht_Dollar|Gobrecht Dollar]]''' was an American dollar coin that was minted in small quantities from 1836 to 1839. It is named for its designer, U.S. Mint engraver Christian Gobrecht.
 
−
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The obverse design of the Gobrecht dollar is virtually identical to that of the Seated Liberty coinage that was introduced starting in 1837. As on the other Seated Liberty coins, the main motif was a figure of the goddess Liberty clad in a flowing dress and seated upon a rock. The left hand bore a pole topped with a liberty cap, a symbol of freedom. The right hand held a shield inscribed with the word "LIBERTY". Early versions of the Gobrecht dollar contained a small banner reading "C. GOBRECHT F." below the figure. This credit, however, was considered to be too prominent, and does not appear in later revisions or in the other forms of Seated Liberty coinage. The coin's date is centered along the bottom edge.
 
−
<gallery>
 
−
Image:2006 American Buffalo Proof Obverse.jpg|[[W:American Buffalo (coin)|2006 Gold Buffalo ($50)]]
 
−
Image:1935 Indian Head Buffalo Nickel.jpg|[[W:Indian Head nickel|1935 Indian Head nickel]]
 
−
</gallery>
 
−
[[W:James Earle Fraser|James Earle Fraser]] designed both the [[W:American Buffalo (coin)|Gold Buffalo]] and the [[W:Indian Head nickel|Indian Head nickel]], both of which contains an 'F' for his 'initials'. ''(Click the picture above and look under the date)''.
 
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<!-- 8. Hacer dos de los siguientes: -->
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A type set is generally defined as a collection that contains one, and only one, of each design for a series or complete coinage series. This "type set" collection will need to show all the designs of U.S. coinage minted from 1901 to 2000, and will be very difficult and costly to assemble.
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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''Here is a mostly complete list of the "type" coins required, collect one of each type:''
 
−
</div>
 
  
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+
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−
'''Small Cents'''
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
*Lincoln 1909 V.D.B.
 
−
*Lincoln 1909-1958
 
−
*Lincoln 1943 steel
 
−
*Lincoln Memorial 1959-
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''5 Cent Nickels'''
 
−
*Liberty Head WC 1883-1912
 
−
*Buffalo Type 1 1913
 
−
*Buffalo Type 2 1913-1938
 
−
*Jefferson Wartime 1942-1945
 
−
*Jefferson 1938-
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
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−
'''Dimes'''
 
−
*Barber 1892-1916
 
−
*Mercury 1916-1945
 
−
*Roosevelt 1946-1964 Silver
 
−
*Roosevelt 1965- Clad
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''Quarters'''
 
−
*Barber 1892-1916
 
−
*Standing liberty type 1 1916-1917
 
−
*Standing liberty type 2 1917-1930
 
−
*Washington 1932-1964
 
−
*Washington Clad 1965-98
 
−
*Bicentennial 1976 clad
 
−
*Bicentennial 1976 40% silver
 
−
*State quarters 1999 – clad
 
−
*State quarters 1999 – 90% silver
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''Half Dollars'''
 
−
*Barber 1892-1915
 
−
*Liberty Walking 1916-1947
 
−
*Franklin 1948-1963
 
−
*Kennedy 1964 Silver
 
−
*Kennedy 1965-70 40% silver
 
−
*Kennedy 1971-Clad
 
−
*Kennedy Bicentennial 1976 clad
 
−
*Kennedy Bicentennial 1976 40% silver
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''Dollars'''
 
−
*Morgan 1878-1921
 
−
*Peace High Relief 1921
 
−
*Peace 1922-1935
 
−
*Eisenhower 1971-1978 clad
 
−
*Eisenhower 1971-1978 40% silver
 
−
*Eisenhower Bicentennial 1976 clad
 
−
*Eisenhower Bicentennial 1976 40% silver
 
−
*Susan B. Anthony 1979-1999
 
−
*Sacagawea 2000 -
 
−
*Presidential dollars 2007 –
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''Quarter Eagles, $2.50 Gold Pieces'''
 
−
*Liberty Coronet 1840-1907
 
−
*Indian Head 1908-1929
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''Half Eagles, $5.00 Gold Pieces'''
 
−
*Liberty Coronet with Motto 1866-1908
 
−
*Indian Head 1908-1929
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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−
'''Eagles, $10.00 Gold Pieces'''
 
−
*Liberty Coronet 1866-1907
 
−
*Indian Head No Motto 1907-1908
 
−
*Indian Head 1908-1933
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''Double Eagles, $20.00 Gold Pieces'''
 
−
*Liberty Coronet 1877-1907
 
−
*Saint Gaudens Roman Numerals High relief 1907
 
−
*Saint Gaudens No Motto 1907-1908
 
−
*Saint Gaudens with motto 1907-1932
 
−
</div>
 
  
−
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−
'''Bullion Coins'''
 
−
*One ounce silver $1.00 1986-
 
−
*Tenth ounce gold $5.00 1986-
 
−
*Quarter ounce gold $10.00 1986-
 
−
*Half ounce gold $25.00 1986-
 
−
*One ounce gold $50.00 1986-
 
−
*Tenth ounce-one ounce platinum $10.00-$100.00 1997-
 
−
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−
Here's a suggestion for a series, "Washington" quarters:
 
−
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−
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−
<gallery>
 
−
Image:1999 Obverse Proof.png
 
−
Image:1999 CT Proof.png
 
−
Image:1999 DE Proof.png
 
−
Image:1999 GA Proof.png
 
−
Image:1999 NJ Proof.png
 
−
Image:1999 PA Proof.png
 
−
Image:2000 VA Proof.png
 
−
Image:2000 MA Proof.png
 
−
Image:2000 MD Proof.png
 
−
Image:2000 NH Proof.png
 
−
Image:2000 SC Proof.png
 
−
Image:2001 NY Proof.png
 
−
Image:2001 KY Proof.png
 
−
Image:2001 NC Proof.png
 
−
Image:2001 RI Proof.png
 
−
Image:2001 VT Proof.png
 
−
Image:2002 IN Proof.png
 
−
Image:2002 LA Proof.png
 
−
Image:2002 MS Proof.png
 
−
Image:2002 OH Proof.png
 
−
Image:2002 TN Proof.png
 
−
Image:2003 AL Proof.png
 
−
Image:2003 AR Proof.png
 
−
Image:2003 IL Proof.png
 
−
Image:2003 ME Proof.png
 
−
Image:2003 MO Proof.png
 
−
Image:2004 FL Proof.png
 
−
Image:2004 IA Proof.png
 
−
Image:2004 MI Proof.png
 
−
Image:2004 TX Proof.png
 
−
Image:2004 WI Proof.png
 
−
Image:2005 CA Proof.png
 
−
Image:2005 KS Proof.png
 
−
Image:2005 MN Proof.png
 
−
Image:2005 OR Proof.png
 
−
Image:2005 WV Proof.png
 
−
Image:2006 NV Proof.png
 
−
Image:2006 NE Proof.png
 
−
Image:2006 CO Proof.png
 
−
Image:2006 ND Proof.png
 
−
Image:2006 SD Proof.png
 
−
Image:Montana quarter, reverse side, 2007.png
 
−
Image:2007 WA Proof.png
 
−
Image:2007 ID Proof Rev.png
 
−
Image:2007 WY Proof Rev.png
 
−
Image:2007 UT Proof Rev.png
 
−
Image:2008 OK Proof.png|Rel.Date: January 17, 2008
 
−
Image:2008 NM Proof.png|Rel.Date: March 30, 2008
 
−
Image:2008 AZ Proof.png|Rel.Date: June 11, 2008
 
−
Image:2008 AK Proof.png|Rel.Date: August 23, 2008
 
−
Image:2008 HI Proof.png|Rel.Date: November 4, 2008
 
−
Image:1999 Obverse Proof.png
 
−
</gallery>
 
−
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−
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−
'''Notes:'''
 
−
# Washington Quarters were made of 90% silver up to and including 1964. You are competing with 'silver collectors' who collect these coins for their 'raw metal' value, which can be up to ten times the face value of the coin - $2.50 for a 25-cent quarter. See http://coinflation.com
 
−
# Roosevelt dimes were made of 90% silver up to and including 1964.
 
−
# The 1964 Kennedy half-dollar is also 90% silver. The Franklin half-dollar(s) before that were also 90% silver.
 
−
# There is no Washington Quarter with a 1975 date. For 1975 and 1976, the US Mint stamped out the Bicentennial Quarter design which showed a date '1776 - 1976'. Unless you have a proof set that shows that it was released specifically in 1975 and 1976, you cannot tell the difference in the circulated coins.
 
−
# Nickels minted from 1942-1945 during World War II contain 1.75 g (0.05626 oz) silver. The silver content of these "war nickels" as of October, 2007 is worth $0.77.
 
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# As of October 2007, the value of the metal in the nickel coin has reached 6.8 cents, a 36% premium over its face value, due to the rising costs of copper and nickel against a falling U.S. Dollar. In an attempt to avoid losing large quantities of circulating nickels to melting, the United States Mint introduced new interim rules on December 14, 2006 criminalizing the melting and export of pennies and nickels. Violators of these rules can be punished with a fine of up to $10,000, five years imprisonment, or both.
 
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* The [[w:Coinage Act of 1965|Coinage Act of 1965]], Pub.L. 89-81, 79 Stat. 254, enacted 1965-07-23, eliminated silver from the circulating dimes and quarter dollars of the United States, and diminished the silver content of the half dollar from 90% to 40%. This act was in response to coin shortages caused by the rising price of silver.
 
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==Referencias==
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==References==
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Nota: Los datos acerca de la moneda de su país pueden obtenerse a partir del Departamento de Tesorería del gobierno.
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==Referencias==
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[[Category:AY Honors/noindex{{GetLangSuffix}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
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Note: Facts About United States Money (free), Office of the Secretary of the Treasury,
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U.S. Treasury Department, Washington, D.C. 20025.
 
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Facts about your country's currency may be obtained from the government treasury
 
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department.
 
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* [http://www.usmint.gov/kids/ US Mint - H.I.P.]
 
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* [http://www.usmint.gov/ US Mint]
 
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* [http://www.moneyfactory.gov/ US Bureau of Engraving and Printing]
 
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* [http://www.federalreserve.gov/ Federal Reserve System]
 
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* [http://www.money.org American Numismatic Association]
 
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[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/noindex]]
 
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Latest revision as of 14:40, 2 January 2023

Other languages:
English • ‎español
Numismática

Nivel de destreza

2

Año

1945

Version

25.11.2024

Autoridad de aprobación

Asociación General

Currency AY Honor.png
Numismática
Artes y actividades manuales
Nivel de destreza
123
Autoridad de aprobación
Asociación General
Año de introducción
1945
Vea también
Maestría de Artesanía
Numismática - Avanzado
Numismática - Avanzado


1

Relatar brevemente la historia del trueque, mostrando tres razones de cómo el dinero llegó a utilizarse. Nombrar diez formas extrañas del dinero usado en lugar de monedas o divisas.



2

Relatar brevemente la historia de la acuñación de monedas y el papel moneda en su país. Asegurarse de mencionar las fechas del establecimiento de cualquier casa de la moneda (cecas) o plantas de grabado. También descubrir algún cambio en la composición metálica de una moneda, mencionando algún punto interesante en relación con este cambio.



3

Explicar cómo se distribuye el dinero en su país.



4

Definir los siguientes términos:


4a

Aleación



4b

Fecha alterada



4c

Monedas fundidas



4d

Molde de monedas



4e

Revestimiento de la moneda



4f

Conmemorativa



4g

Troquel (cortante)



4h

Campo



4i

Inscripción (leyenda)



4j

Letras en el borde



4k

Marca de la Casa de la moneda



4l

Anverso



4m

Moneda sin impresión (plana)



4n

Pruebas



4o

Reverso



4p

Reverso



4q

Serie


4r

Tipo



4s

Monedas


4t

Borde acanalado




5

Describir el anverso y reverso de papel moneda de las seis denominaciones más bajas actualmente en uso en su país.



6

Conocer cómo se clasifican las monedas en calidad por los coleccionistas.



7

Compilar y montar un cuadro de monedas de su país de cualquier fecha de acuñación o de actual circulación. Monedas de prueba, conmemorativas, raras, de plata, o monedas costosas no son necesarias. En su colección debe:



7a

Poseer al menos una moneda de cada acuñación del tipo fijado.



7b

Localizar e identificar la marca de acuñación (si hay alguna) en cada moneda.



7c

Localizar e identificar a las iníciales (si hay alguna) de cada diseñador de la moneda.




8

Hacer dos de los siguientes:


8a

Hacer dibujos ampliados de ambos lados de 10 distintas denominaciones o las formas de monedas de su país que ya no estén in circulación.



8b

Coleccionar, identificar y montar 25 diferentes monedas extranjeras. No colocar monedas iguales.



8c

Coleccionar y montar un conjunto de monedas acuñadas en su país durante el siglo XX.



8d

Coleccionar y montar una serie de monedas de su país a partir de su año de nacimiento (monedas conmemorativas, de oro, de prueba, costosas y raras no necesariamente deben incluirse).





Referencias

Nota: Los datos acerca de la moneda de su país pueden obtenerse a partir del Departamento de Tesorería del gobierno.

Referencias


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