Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Robotics/Answer Key/es"

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< AY Honors‎ | RoboticsAY Honors/Robotics/Answer Key/es
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In the context of robotics, automation is when a device or a machine is changed in such a way that it can do the job it was created for without human intervention. With automation, human intervention is limited or absent. Some people fear that automation could eventually lead to significant unemployment in the manufacturing, engineering, and computing sectors of the economy.
 
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<!-- 2. Describir brevemente tres ejemplos sobre cómo el uso de la robótica y la automatización ha tenido un impacto en la sociedad. -->
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<!-- 2. Briefly describe three examples on how the use of robotics and automation has made an impact on society. -->
 
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1. Automobile industry - cars are now affordable by the majority of people. Before robotics and automation, they took much longer to produce, and a lot more people had to be employed to make each part. Therefore the economics costs per car were much higher. Toxic jobs like painting, heavy lifting jobs like moving assembled parts, precision jobs like control boards, dangerous jobs like pouring molten metal, and even precision welding can be done better by robots. [https://www.genesis-systems.com/blog/robots-automotive-manufacturing-top-6-applications ''(Source)'']
 
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2. Technology - Highly precise items, such as electorics, computer devices, and other technologies are dependent on computer automation to perform microscopic and highly specific tasks repeatedly and without errors. The laptop, mobile phone, medical devices, and other related industries are dependent on this highly automated engineering.
 
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3. Medicine - surgeries and medical procedures often involve robotics and automation to lower medical bills, decrease damage and healing times, and increase success rates for specific procedures that used to be impossible to reliably perform.
 
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[[File:Lego nxt menü.jpg|thumb|LEGO Roboti Control System "NXT"]]
 
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A robot must have a control system to operate its drive system. This drive system is the series of computers and mechanical parts that make it possible to move "arms" or "wrists" or other parts of a robot, as well as the body of the robot itself.
 
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This is the part of automation that encompassing the systems or sub-systems involved in moving parts of machines in a controlled manner. Motion control is part of robotics, industry, and photo/videography and also in gaming.
 
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[[File:BMA Automation Allen Bradley PLC 3.JPG|thumb|BMA Automation Allen Bradley PLC 3]]
 
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A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a digital system used to make electrical and mechanical processes become automated. PLC can be found in almost all of the heavy industries which require process and sequences. PLC contains a unique set of inputs and outputs. The logic of PLC is programmed so that user can create a highly dedicated PLC working system for their intended purpose. [https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_logic_controller ''(Source)'']
 
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<!-- 5. Describir y dar un ejemplo de cada uno de los siguientes tipos de movimiento robótico: -->
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<!-- 6. Describir qué se usa como fuente de energía para la mayoría de las aplicaciones robóticas. -->
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[[File:Operation of a basic photovoltaic cell.gif|thumb|Operation of a basic photovoltaic cell (substitute lightbulb image for robot]]
 
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Though perhaps other power sources can be used, the main sources of electrical power for robots are batteries and photovoltaic cells. These can be used separately or together (for practical applications, most solar-powered robots will need a battery backup). The important part is that the power source must be continuously reliable since most robotic applications have a significant level of automation. That means that if they stop doing the automatic job that they are programmed to do, the robot ceases to function. Thus, in most situations, there are "backup" power sources in addition to the main or primary source. Classroom robots are usually run on simple alkaline batteries or li-ion batteries. [https://en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/Robotics/Components/Power_Sources ''(Source)'']
 
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<!-- 7. Describir, dibujar o mostrar imágenes de un ballbot. -->
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A ballbot is a dynamically-stable mobile robot designed to balance on a single spherical wheel (i.e., a ball)
 
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File:Ballbot Rezero 2010.jpg|''Ballbot "Rezero 2010"''
 
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File:BallIP 2008.jpg|''Ballbot "BallIP 2008"''
 
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<!-- 8. Hacer una lista de cuatro ventajas y cuatro desventajas de la automatización. Describir brevemente cada uno de ellas. -->
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'''There are several ADVANTAGES to automation.'''
 
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1. The output of the machine or device is more uniform, and the product quality is improved.
 
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2. For tasks involved that are repetitive and boring, the machine can continue to automatically do the job without getting tired or making "bored" mistakes.
 
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3. Automated machines are designed so that humans no longer need to lift heavy weights or do dangerous things.
 
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4. Precision can be much enhanced with measurement accuracy tolerances at levels not possible with human hands or human intervention.
 
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[https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation ''(Source)'']
 
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'''DISADVANTAGES to automation include:'''
 
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1. Robots cannot think critically. Therefore if the human programmers haven't evaluated the behavior of the robot or automation in all possible emergency situations, the automated process is incapable of performing adequately.
 
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2. Robots have replaced many workers in the workplace. Up to 40% of jobs that used to be human-operated are now run entirely by robotics and automation. Unemployment unless successful retraining or job transitions leads to societal problems (such as poverty, transitions, stress, and many more).
 
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3. That identity theft and personal safety will be compromised if automation takes over too large a share of data and human interaction.
 
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4. That we will become dependent on robotics and automation for basic life-tasks and economic well-being.
 
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<!-- 10. Familiarizarse con cualquier reglamento de la Administración Federal de Aviación (o cuerpo equivalente) que rija el funcionamiento de los robots (incluidos los drones) en su localidad. -->
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This varies by area. In general, drones are not allowed near airports and other "government" spaces, although what that means for your region can vary DRAMATICALLY. Please check your county or region standards.
 
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[https://www.faa.gov/news/updates/?newsId=91844 Website for the FAA Standards]
 
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<!-- 11. Discutir con un grupo el contexto bíblico de los siguientes textos relacionados con el campo de la automatización y la robótica: -->
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This text discusses the value of human beings. We are made in God's image. Thus we are the ones with moral and ethical standards. We are the ones empowered by God to "run our world." Robots and automation are NEVER given that creative privilege.
 
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God made us in amazing ways. We are in awe of His creative power. Compared to that, robotics and automation are mere human inventions.
 
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Human beings are capable of gaining wisdom and understanding. As we work with robotics, we must use these god-given abilities! Teachers should ask "how can we be wise when we build robots?" and "what responsibilities do Christians have when making robots?" as the group reads over this passage.
 
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Latest revision as of 21:35, 14 July 2022

Other languages:
English • ‎español
Robótica

Nivel de destreza

1

Año

2016

Version

29.11.2024

Autoridad de aprobación

División Norteamericana

Robotics AY Honor.png
Robótica
Actividades vocacionales
Nivel de destreza
123
Autoridad de aprobación
División Norteamericana
Año de introducción
2016
Vea también
Maestría en Tecnología moderna
Robótica - Avanzado


1

Definir los siguientes términos:



1a

Robótica



1b

Automatización




2

Describir brevemente tres ejemplos sobre cómo el uso de la robótica y la automatización ha tenido un impacto en la sociedad.



3

Describir brevemente las siguientes herramientas:



3a

Sistemas de control robóticos



3b

Control de movimiento



3c

Controlador lógico programable (PLC)




4

Definir la visión artificial. Dar tres ejemplos prácticos de su uso.



5

Describir y dar un ejemplo de cada uno de los siguientes tipos de movimiento robótico:



5a

Rodar



5b

Nadar



5c

Caminar



5d

Volar



5e

Escalar




6

Describir qué se usa como fuente de energía para la mayoría de las aplicaciones robóticas.



7

Describir, dibujar o mostrar imágenes de un ballbot.



8

Hacer una lista de cuatro ventajas y cuatro desventajas de la automatización. Describir brevemente cada uno de ellas.



9

Definir y dar dos ilustraciones prácticas acerca de los siguientes tipos de automatización:



9a

Hogar



9b

Fabricación de automóviles



9c

Industrial



9d

Minería



9e

Ventas




10

Familiarizarse con cualquier reglamento de la Administración Federal de Aviación (o cuerpo equivalente) que rija el funcionamiento de los robots (incluidos los drones) en su localidad.



11

Discutir con un grupo el contexto bíblico de los siguientes textos relacionados con el campo de la automatización y la robótica:



11a

Génesis 1:27



11b

Salmos 139:14



11c

Proverbios 1:1-7



11d

1 Corintios 2:16




12

Hacer una lista y discutir la relevancia de las tres leyes de Isaac Asimov que gobiernan a los robots.



13

Investigar ideas acerca de proyectos de construcción robótica. Basado en su investigación, construir y operar con éxito un robot de un juego.




Referencias

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