Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Ultimate Disc/Answer Key"

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[[Image:frisbee-1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|A [[Wham-O]] Professional Frisbee]]
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<!-- 1. Know the 10 simple rules of Ultimate and how the game is played. -->
 +
;The Field: A rectangular shape with end zones at each end. A regulation field is 70 yards by 40 yards, with end zones 25 yards deep.
 +
;Initiate Play: Each point begins with both teams lining up on the front of their respective end zone line. The defense throws ("pulls") the disc to the offense. A regulation game has seven players per team.
 +
;Scoring: Each time the offense completes a pass in the defense's end zone, the offense scores a point. Play is initiated after each score.
 +
;Movement of the Disc: The disc may be advanced in any direction by completing a pass to a teammate. Players may not run with the disc. The person with the disc ("thrower") has ten seconds to throw the disc. The defender guarding the thrower ("marker") counts out the stall count.
 +
;Change of Possession: When a pass is not completed (e.g. out of bounds, drop, block, interception), the defense immediately takes possession of the disc and becomes the offense.
 +
;Substitutions: Players not in the game may replace players in the game after a score and during an injury timeout.
 +
;Non-contact: No physical contact is allowed between players. Picks and screens are also prohibited. A foul occurs when contact is made.
 +
;Fouls: When a player initiates contact on another player a foul occurs. When a foul disrupts possession, the play resumes as if the possession was retained. If the player committing the foul disagrees with the foul call, the play is redone.
 +
;Self-Officiating: Players are responsible for their own foul and line calls. Players resolve their own disputes.
 +
;Spirit of the Game: Ultimate stresses sportsmanship and fair play. Competitive play is encouraged, but never at the expense of respect between players, adherence to the rules, and the basic joy of play
  
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{{redirect1|Frisbee|the amusement ride|[[Frisbee (ride)]]}}
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<!-- 3. Explain why the name “Frisbee” was dropped from the name of the game. -->
 +
The term Frisbee, often used capitalized, to generically describe all flying discs, is a registered trademark of the Wham-O toy company. Though such use is not encouraged by the company, the common use of the trademarked name as a generic term has put the trademark in jeopardy; accordingly, many "Frisbee" games are now known as "ultimate" or "disc" games.
  
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'''Flying discs''' (commonly called '''Frisbees''') are disc-shaped toys, which are generally [[plastic]] and roughly 20 to 25 centimeters (8&ndash;10&nbsp;inches) in [[diameter]], with a lip. The shape of the disc, an [[airfoil]] in cross-section, allows it to [[flight|fly]] by generating [[lift (force)|lift]] as it moves through the air while rotating. The name ''Frisbee'' is a registered [[trademark]] of the [[Wham-O]] toy company, but is often used [[genericized trademark|generically]] to describe all flying discs.  
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<!-- 4. Identify and be able to throw the disk: -->
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<!-- 8. Play six (6) Pathfinder pick-up games to twelve (12) points and demonstrate reasonable understanding of disk handling and throwing, catching, scoring, and defending. -->
  
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Flying discs are thrown and caught for [[recreation]], and as part of many different [[flying disc games]]. A wide range of flying disc variants are available commercially. [[Disc golf]] discs are usually smaller but denser and are tailored for particular flight profiles to increase/decrease stability and distance. [[Disc dog]] sports use relatively slow flying discs made of more pliable material to better resist a dog's bite and prevent injury.  Ring shaped discs, known as [[Aerobie]]s, typically fly significantly farther than any traditional flying disc. There are illuminated discs meant for night time play which use [[Phosphorescence|phosphorescent]] plastic, or  battery powered [[light-emitting diode|light emitting diodes]].
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<!-- 9. Write a one-page report or provide an oral report to the Pathfinder leader on how the concept of “Spirit of the Game” is applied to Ultimate and outside the sport as a Christian role model to others. Discuss why the concept is important in fair play and in reducing the desire to win at any cost. -->
  
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==History==
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<!--T:36-->
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People have been throwing cake pans, pie tins, cookie jar lids, and other such objects for centuries. The earliest known disc object to be thrown around was the [[chakram]], which was used as a weapon in [[History of India|ancient India]]. In later times, flying discs were used for recreational purposes. The [[clay target]] used in [[trapshooting]], almost identical to a flying disc in shape, was designed in the 19th century. The modern day era of flying discs began with the concept of designing and selling a commercially-produced flying disc.
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The Frisbie Baking Company (1871–1958) of Bridgeport, Connecticut, made pies that were sold to many New England colleges. Hungry college students soon discovered that the empty pie tins could be tossed and caught, providing endless hours of game and sport. Many colleges have claimed to be the home of 'he who was first to fling.' Yale College has even argued that in 1820, a Yale undergraduate named Elihu Frisbie grabbed a passing collection tray from the chapel and flung it out into the campus, thereby becoming the true inventor of the Frisbie and winning glory for Yale. That tale is unlikely to be true since the words 'Frisbie's Pies' was embossed in all the original pie tins and from them the word 'Frisbie' was coined the common name for the toy.
+
==References== <!--T:5-->
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[[Walter Frederick Morrison]] claims that it was a popcorn can lid that he tossed with his girlfriend (and later wife) Lu at a 1937 Thanksgiving Day gathering in Los Angeles, CA that inspired his interest in developing a commercially-produced flying disc. In 1946 he sketched out plans for a disc he called the "Whirlo-Way," which in 1948, co-developed and financed by [[Warren Franscioni]], became the very first plastic flying disc—the original Pipco Flyin-Saucer.
+
{{CloseHonorPage}}
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−
An interesting tidbit was that Morrison had just returned to America after World War II, where he had been a prisoner in the infamous [[Stalag]] 13. His partnership with Warren Franscioni, who was also a war veteran, ended in 1950 before their product had achieved any real success.
 
−
 
 
−
In 1955, Morrison produced a new plastic flying disc called the Pluto Platter, to cash in on the growing popularity of UFOs with the American public. The Pluto Platter has become the basic design for all Frisbees. [[Rich Knerr]] and A.K. 'Spud' Melin were the owners of a toy company called 'Wham-O'. Knerr and Melin also marketed the Hula-Hoop, the Super Ball and the Water Wiggle. They pair first saw Morrison's Pluto Platter in late 1955. They liked what they saw and convinced Morrison to sell them the rights to his design. With a deal signed (1/23/1957), Wham-O began production of more Pluto Platters. The next year, Fred Morrison was awarded a patent (Design patent 183,626) for his flying disc. Morrison received over one million dollars in royalties for his invention.
 
−
 
 
−
Rich Knerr (Wham-O) was in search of a catchy new name to help increase sales. After hearing about the original use of the term "Frisbie" he gave the disks the [[trademark]]able name ''Frisbee'' (which is pronounced the same as "Frisbie"). Sales soared for the toy, due to Wham-O's clever marketing of Frisbee playing as a new sport. In 1964, the first professional model went on sale. Ed Headrick was the sales manager at Wham-O who patented Wham-O's design for the modern Frisbee (U.S. patent 3,359,678). [http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa980218.htm]
 
−
 
 
−
==Games using flying discs==
 
−
{{main|Flying disc games}}
 
−
*[[Ultimate (sport)|Ultimate]]
 
−
*[[Freestyle frisbee]]
 
−
*[[Disc Golf]] - the traditional game of [[Golf]] played with flying discs (frisbees) instead of clubs and balls.
 
−
*[[Durango Boot]]
 
−
*[[DDC Frisbee|Double Disc Court]]
 
−
*[[Guts frisbee|Guts Frisbee]]
 
−
*[[Flutterguts]]
 
−
*[[Friskee]]
 
−
*[[Disc dog]]
 
−
*[[Dodge Frisbee]]
 
−
*[[Goaltimate]]
 
−
*[[Schtick (Disc Game)|Schtick]]
 
−
*[[Fricket]], (sometimes called Cups, Suzy Sticks, Frisnok or Disc Cricket)
 
−
*[[Hot Box]]
 
−
*[[Fris-Nok]], the traditional Icelandic-Canadian game.
 
−
*[[Flyer Frizbee]]
 
−
 
 
−
==Physics==
 
−
 
 
−
[[Lift (force)|Lift]] is generated in primarily the same way as a traditional asymmetric [[airfoil]], that is, by accelerating upper airflow such that a pressure difference gives rise to a lifting force. Small ridges near the leading edge act as turbulators, reducing flow separation by forcing the airflow to become [[turbulent]] after it passes over the ridges. 
 
−
 
 
−
The rotating flying disc has a vertical [[angular momentum]] vector, stabilizing its attitude <!-- "attitude" is the correct term here; pls don't change to "altitude". -elf Dec 05 --> [[gyroscope|gyroscopically]]. Depending on the cross-sectional shape of the airfoil, the amount of lift generated by the front and back parts of the disc may be unequal. If the disc was not spinning, this would tend to make it [[Flight dynamics|pitch]]. When the disc is spinning, however, such a torque would cause it to [[precession|precess]] about the roll axis, causing its trajectory to curve to the left or the right. Most discs are designed to be aerodynamically stable, so that this roll is self-correcting for a fairly broad range of velocities and rates of spin. However, many [[disc golf]] discs are intentionally designed to be unstable. Higher rates of spin lead to better stability, and for a given rate of spin, there is generally a range of velocities that are stable.
 
−
 
 
−
Even a slight deformation in a disc, called a "Taco," as extreme cases look like a [[taco shell]], can cause adverse affects when throwing long range. It can be observed by holding the disc horizontally at eye level and looking at the rim while slowly rotating the disc.
 
−
 
 
−
==Trivia==
 
−
*In the animated motion picture ''[[The Secret of NIMH]]'', based on the book ''[[Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH]]'', the main character's name was changed in post-production from "Frisby" to "Brisby" to avoid potential trademark infringements.
 
−
*In the film ''[[Back to the Future Part III]]'', Marty McFly throws a metal pie dish at a gunman in order to save Doc Brown's life. He notices the dish is stamped "Frisbie Pie Company".
 
−
*[[Richard Feynman]] in his book ''[[Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!]]'' suggests that watching the wobble of a plate tossed in the [[Cornell University]] cafeteria stimulated him to develop mathematics that eventually led to his Nobel prize winning work in [[quantum electrodynamics]] [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/03/AR2005110301924.html].
 
−
 
 
−
== See also ==
 
−
* [[Disc throws]]
 
−
* [[Frisbeetarianism]]
 
−
* [[Chakram]]
 
−
* [[Aerobie]]
 
−
 
 
−
==Further reading==
 
−
 
 
−
*''Flat Flip Flies Straight! True Origins of the Frisbee®'' [[Walter Frederick Morrison]] and Phil Kennedy, Wormhole Publishers, Wethersfield, CT (June 2006), ISBN 978-0-9774517-4-6
 
−
*''Frisbee, A Practitioner's Manual and Definitive Treatise'' Stancil E.D. Johnson, M.D. Workman Publishing Company, New York (July, 1975) ISBN 978-0-911104-53-0
 
−
*''The Official Frisbee Handbook'' Goldy Norton, Bantam Books, Toronto/New York/London (July, 1972) no ISBN
 
−
*''Frisbee Players' Handbook'' Mark Danna, Dan Poynter, Parachuting Publications, Santa Barbara, California (1978) ISBN 0915516195
 
−
*''Frisbee Sports & Games'' Charles Tips, Dan Roddick, Celestial Arts, Millbrae, California (March 1979) ISBN 978-0-89087-233-8
 
−
*''Frisbee by the Masters'' Charles Tips, Celestial Arts, Millbrae, California (March 1977) ISBN 978-0-89087-142-3
 
−
*''Spinning Flight : Dynamics of Frisbees, Boomerangs, Samaras and Skipping Stones'', Ralph Lorenz,  Copernicus New York, September 2006 ISBN 978-0-387-30779-4
 
−
 
 
−
==External links==
 
−
*[http://www2.upa.org/index.php/ Ultimate Players Association] sports governing body of Ultimate in the USA
 
−
*[http://www.canadianultimate.com/ Canadian Players Association] sports governing body of Ultimate in Canada
 
−
*[http://www.freestyledisc.org Freestyle Players Association] sports governing body of Freestyle Frisbee in the world
 
−
*[http://www.wfdf.org World Flying Disc Federation] international sports governing body for all
 
−
*[http://www.frisbeedisc.com/ Wham-O Frisbee disc website] manufacturer of Frisbee brand flying discs
 
−
*[http://www.ukultimate.com/ UK Ultimate Association]
 
−
 
 
−
[[Category:Frisbee]]
 
−
[[Category:National Toy Hall of Fame]]
 
−
[[Category:Toys]]
 
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[[Category:Flying disc games]]
 
−
[[Category:Wham-O brands]]
 
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[[cs:Frisbee]]
 
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[[da:Frisbee]]
 
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[[de:Frisbee]]
 
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[[es:Frisbee]]
 
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[[eo:Flugdisko]]
 
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[[fr:Frisbee]]
 
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[[it:Frisbee]]
 
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[[nl:Frisbee]]
 
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[[ja:フライングディスク]]
 
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[[no:Frisbee]]
 
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[[pl:Frisbee]]
 
−
[[ru:Фрисби]]
 
−
[[sk:Frisbee]]
 
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[[sr:Frizbi]]
 
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[[sv:Frisbee]]
 
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[[uk:Фрісбі]]
 

Latest revision as of 04:08, 19 March 2021

Other languages:
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Ultimate Disc

Skill Level

1

Year

2011

Version

16.11.2024

Approval authority

General Conference

Ultimate Disc AY Honor.png
Ultimate Disc
Recreation
Skill Level
123
Approval authority
General Conference
Year of Introduction
2011
See also
Sportsman Master Award
Ultimate Disc - Advanced


1

Know the 10 simple rules of Ultimate and how the game is played.


The Field
A rectangular shape with end zones at each end. A regulation field is 70 yards by 40 yards, with end zones 25 yards deep.
Initiate Play
Each point begins with both teams lining up on the front of their respective end zone line. The defense throws ("pulls") the disc to the offense. A regulation game has seven players per team.
Scoring
Each time the offense completes a pass in the defense's end zone, the offense scores a point. Play is initiated after each score.
Movement of the Disc
The disc may be advanced in any direction by completing a pass to a teammate. Players may not run with the disc. The person with the disc ("thrower") has ten seconds to throw the disc. The defender guarding the thrower ("marker") counts out the stall count.
Change of Possession
When a pass is not completed (e.g. out of bounds, drop, block, interception), the defense immediately takes possession of the disc and becomes the offense.
Substitutions
Players not in the game may replace players in the game after a score and during an injury timeout.
Non-contact
No physical contact is allowed between players. Picks and screens are also prohibited. A foul occurs when contact is made.
Fouls
When a player initiates contact on another player a foul occurs. When a foul disrupts possession, the play resumes as if the possession was retained. If the player committing the foul disagrees with the foul call, the play is redone.
Self-Officiating
Players are responsible for their own foul and line calls. Players resolve their own disputes.
Spirit of the Game
Ultimate stresses sportsmanship and fair play. Competitive play is encouraged, but never at the expense of respect between players, adherence to the rules, and the basic joy of play


2

Define and explain “Spirit of the Game”.



3

Explain why the name “Frisbee” was dropped from the name of the game.


The term Frisbee, often used capitalized, to generically describe all flying discs, is a registered trademark of the Wham-O toy company. Though such use is not encouraged by the company, the common use of the trademarked name as a generic term has put the trademark in jeopardy; accordingly, many "Frisbee" games are now known as "ultimate" or "disc" games.


4

Identify and be able to throw the disk:


4a

Forehand



4b

Backhand




5

Define or explain the following game terms:


5a

Stacking & Cutting



5b

Clearing Out



5c

Stall Count



5d

Non-Contact



5e

Violation vs. Foul



5f

Hold the line




6

Explain the following calls or rules:


6a

No referees/player resolution



6b

Foul calls at the disk



6c

Foul calls away from the disk



6d

Traveling



6e

Pivot




7

As a team or individual, develop a plan to practice outreach while completing the requirements for this honor. Possible options could include the following:


7a

Invite at least one friend not from your church to play a game.



7b

Have prayer before or after each game.



7c

Exhibit “Spirit of the Game” both on and off the field.




8

Play six (6) Pathfinder pick-up games to twelve (12) points and demonstrate reasonable understanding of disk handling and throwing, catching, scoring, and defending.



9

Write a one-page report or provide an oral report to the Pathfinder leader on how the concept of “Spirit of the Game” is applied to Ultimate and outside the sport as a Christian role model to others. Discuss why the concept is important in fair play and in reducing the desire to win at any cost.




References

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