Especialidades JA/Lancha a motor/Respuestas
| Lancha a motor | ||
|---|---|---|
| Asociación General
|
Destreza: 2 Año de introducción: 1975 |
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Requisitos
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La especialidad de Lancha a motor es un componente de la Maestría Acuática. |
1
Para consejos e instrucciones, véase [[AY Honors/Swimming - Advanced Beginner/es|]].
2
A summary of the boating laws for Australia, all U.S. States and Territories, and all Canadian Provinces can be found at the NASBLA website.
3
4
5
These regulations vary by country, size of boat, and change from time to time. In Canada the regulations for Sail and Power Boats over 9 m and up to 12 m (29’6” – 39’4”) at the time this question was answered are as an example. Be sure you know the requirements for where you are operating a given size boat:
VESSEL SAFETY EQUIPMENT
7. One (1) anchor and at least 30 m (98’5”) of cable, rope or chain in any combination
8. One (1) manual bilge pump (See Note 3) OR Bilge-pumping arrangements
NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT
9. One (1) sound-signalling device or appliance
10. Navigation lights (See Note 4)
11. One (1) magnetic compass (See Note 5)
12. One (1) radar reflector (See Note 6)
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT
13. One (1) 10BC fire extinguisher if equipped with a motor
14. One (1) 10BC fire extinguisher if equipped with a fuel-burning cooking, heating or refrigerating appliance
Note 1 – Reboarding Device A reboarding device is only required if the vertical height that a person must climb to reboard the boat from the water (freeboard) is over 0.5 m (1’8”).
Note 2 – Flares Flares are not required for a boat that: • is operating on a river, canal or lake in which it can never be more than one (1) nautical mile (1.852 km) from shore; or • has no sleeping quarters and is engaged in an official competition or in final preparation for an official competition.
Note 3 – Bailer and Manual Bilge Pump A bailer or manual bilge pump is not required for a boat that cannot hold enough water to make it capsize or a boat that has watertight compartments that are sealed and not readily accessible.
Note 4 – Navigation Lights Navigation lights are only required if you operate the boat after sunset, before sunrise or in periods of restricted visibility (fog, falling snow, etc.).
Note 5 – Magnetic Compass A magnetic compass is not required if the boat is 8 m (26’3”) or less and you operate it within sight of navigation marks.
Note 6 – Radar Reflector Radar reflectors are required for boats under 20 m (65’7”) and boats built of mostly non-metallic materials. A radar reflector is not required if: • the boat is used in limited traffic conditions, daylight and favourable environmental conditions, and where having a radar reflector is not essential to the boat’s safety; or • the small size of the boat or its operation away from radar navigation makes it impossible to install or use a radar reflector.
Larger boats require additional equipment and smaller boats require less equipment.'
Radar Reflectors help larger vessels to see small boats on their radar screens, and may be the only way that they will be able to spot you. A radar reflector can enhance your safety on the water, but only if it is big enough and well placed on your boat. When buying a reflector, there is no substitute for size – so buy the biggest one that will fit your boat. There are all kinds of reflectors of varying quality on the market, so make sure you look carefully before buying. Keep in mind that placement height is also very important. Reflectors should be located above all superstructures; and at least 4 m (13’1”) above the water, if possible.
Do you know that different types of fires require different types of extinguishers? The letters on a fire extinguisher tell you what types of fires it is designed to fight. Fires are classified as follows:
- Class A: Materials that burn, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber
and plastic
- Class B: Liquids that burn, such as gas, oil and grease
- Class C: Electrical equipment
You should buy a fire extinguisher with an ABC rating. The number before the letters on the extinguisher tells you how big a fire it will put out compared to other extinguishers. For example, a 10BC device will put out a larger fire than a 5BC device. Check your extinguishers often for correct operating pressure and make sure that you and your guests know how to use them. Have a qualified person maintain, service and recharge your extinguishers as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Take dry chemical devices out of their bracket and give them a few hard shakes in the upside down position about once a month to keep the contents active.
The fire extinguisher you choose must bear a mark that shows it is certified by:
- Underwriters Laboratories of Canada (ULC);
- Underwriters’ Laboratories Inc. (UL); or
- Unites States Coast Guard.
6
The other sections of this page cover this topic well.
7
1. Life first: Take a head count to make sure everyone is there 2. Get your life jackets on - if they have flouted out of range use anything that flouts. Treading water only lasts so long. 3. Check for injuries 4. Stay with the boat as long as it is not sinking. Rescuers will have a far easier time find near the large mass of the boat. 5. Conserve energy 6. Signal for help using available equipment such as visual distress signals, horn, mirror, radios, flares etc. 7. If practical, turn a smaller boat upright and bail it out. Once most of the water is out, climb back in. A swamped boat is much better than no boat.
8
Rule 2(b) of the International Rules and Inland Rules. Rule 2(b) states “In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.”
This rule has remained consistent for over 100 years. In plan english it means that you must follow the rules of navigation unless special circumstances that involve immediate danger require taking a different action.
9
9a
Towards the rear, or stern, of a boat. Abaft means “in the back.”
9b
On the beam; at a right angle to the centerline or keel of a vessel. Also alongside or abreast; opposite the center of the side of the ship or aircraft.
9c
On or in a vessel
9d
1. The portion of the vessel behind the middle area of the vessel.
2. Towards the stern (of the vessel).
9e
The middle section of a vessel with reference to the athwartships plane, as distinguished from port or starboard ("Put your rudder amidships.")
9f
1. Toward the stern (rear) of a vessel.
2. Behind a vessel.
9g
The width of a vessel at the widest point, or a point alongside the ship at the midpoint of its length.
9h
Beneath the deck.
9i
A knot used to join two ropes or lines. See also hitch.
9j
The compartment at the bottom of the hull of a ship or boat where water collects and must be pumped out of the vessel.
9k
1. The front of a vessel.
2. Either side of the front (or bow) of the vessel, i.e., the port bow and starboard bow. Something ahead and to the left of the vessel is "off the port bow", while something ahead and to the right of the vessel is "off the starboard bow." When "bow" is used in this way, the front of the vessel sometimes is called her bows (plural), a collective reference to her port and starboard bows synonymous with bow (singular) as described in Definition (1).
9l
An upright wall within the hull of a ship. Particularly a watertight, load-bearing wall.
9m
A stationary device used to secure a rope aboard a vessel.
9n
The depth of a ship's keel below the waterline.
9o
The height of a ship's hull (excluding superstructure) above the waterline. The vertical distance from the current waterline to the lowest point on the highest continuous watertight deck. This usually varies from one part to another.
9p
The central structural basis of the hull.
9q
Downwind of a point of reference.
9r
The left side of the boat. Towards the left-hand side of the ship facing forward (formerly Larboard). Denoted with a red light at night.
9s
The right side of the boat. Towards the right-hand side of a vessel facing forward. Denoted with a green light at night. Derived from the old steering oar or steerboard which preceded the invention of the rudder.
9t
The rear part of a ship, technically defined as the area built up over the sternpost, extending upwards from the counter rail to the taffrail.
9u
1. Relationship of ship's hull to waterline.
9v
In the direction that the wind is coming from.
10
10a
Start by inspecting the boat ramp above and below the water for obstructions and to understand where to back the trailer in. Be polite to other ramp users and communicate your intentions to them. As you get into the water, but before the boat can float, undo the safety chain and loosen the cable off. Back the boat trailer into the water until the boat floats. Someone in the boat should operate the boat off the trailer while someone else unhooks the cable, deals with tying the boat to the dock with ropes (if required), and driving the truck and trailer away.
Good communication within your group and with others nearby is important to avoid damage.
10b
It is good to have a small laminated (to prevent it getting wet) card with a safety checklist appropriate to a particular boat. Checking the fuel requires either looking at the gauge (if so equipped) or opening the tank and visually looking. The motor should be tested by running it gently while unloading from the trailer.
10c
Watch where you are going. Don't go fast near the shore, and avoid making waves.
10d
This is just a simple demonstration of ability to handle the boat.
10e
The tricky part is doing this without damaging the boat. Go slow, controlling the chain/rope. A towel over the edge of the boat can help avoid damaging the fiberglass or other parts of the boat.
10f
Again, slow and controlled. If beaching you need to tie to a sturdy tree or rock, remembering that tides and waves can move your boat if not properly secured. There are a few knots every boater needs to know:
Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Two half hitches Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Bowline Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Double bowline Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Stevedore's Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Anchor bend Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Square Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Cleat hitch
Cleat Hitch - Use to secure the boat to a dock or secure a line to the boat Take the line to the ear of the cleat farthest from where the line comes from (the load). Take one wrap around the base of the cleat and then start a figure eight across the top of the opposite ear. Finish with a half hitch turned under so that the line is coming away from the cleat in the opposite direction from which it came in.
10g
First check for obstructions and communicate your intentions to others in the area. After one person backs the trailer into the water, slowly but forcefully drive the boat onto the trailer. Make sure your boat is straight on the trailer, which might mean letting the boat settle out before the next step. The person outside the boat should attach the cable and cinch it up before attaching the safety chain. Pull out of the water and attach safety straps at the back and anywhere else required. Check that no weeds are attached to the boat or trailer to prevent the spread of invasive species between lakes. If you have been in ocean water, rise your wheels and brakes. Attach any boat covers, and secure all ropes and equipment before driving off.
11
References
Singificant portions of these answers are from http://www.tc.gc.ca/publications/EN/TP511/PDF%5CHR/TP511E.pdf and are used here for non-commercial purposes with permission.
- Categoría: Tiene imagen de insignia
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Honors/es
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/es
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Skill Level 2/es
- Categoría: Libro de respuestas de especialidades JA/Especialidades introducidas en 1975
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/General Conference/es
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/es
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Primary/es
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Stage 0/es
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Aquatic Master Award/es
- AY Honors/Prerequisite/Swimming - Advanced Beginner/es
- AY Honors/See Also/Swimming - Advanced Beginner/es
- Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book
