AY Honors/Trees/Answer Key

1. Describe the ways in which trees and shrubs differ.

Trees are generally taller than shrubs and have a main trunk from which all the secondary branches grow. Shrubs are generally shorter and may have multiple stems rather than a single trunk. Some plants can be considered either shrubs or trees depending on their growing conditions, so the division should not be considered exact.

2. Collect and identify typical leaves from 15 different species of trees. Spread neatly, press dry, mount, and label in a suitable notebook or on uniform-size sheets of paper.

Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Leaf collection

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4. Give the common name and tell the difference between the two great classes of trees.

The two great classes of trees are the gymnosperms and angiosperms. The gymnosperms do not produce flowers, but rather, produce naked seeds usually attached to the scale of a cone (such as a pine cone). The angiosperms do produce flowers which in turn become seed-bearing fruits (or nuts). More commonly, the gymnosperms are called evergreens, though this is not an accurate term because some angiosperms are evergreen (such as palms and the live oak). Also, the Ginkgo is a gymnosperm, but it is not evergreen. Gymnosperms and angiosperms are also commonly referred to as softwoods and hardwoods though those terms are not terribly accurate either, as several gymnosperms have hard wood and several angiosperms have soft wood.

5. Describe the importance of forest conservation in your area.

Properly managed, forests are a renewable resource. In order to ensure a continuous supply of forest products (such as lumber), forests must be properly cut and replanted. Forests also serve as an important habitat for several species, both animal and plant. When plants lose their habitat they simply die. When animals lose their habitat, some will die and others will move into other areas - notably, areas where humans live. This promotes undesirable encounters between potentially dangerous animals and humans, with the animal invariably getting the short end of the stick.

6. Name several examples of the kinds of wood used in each of the following:

a. Flooring for houses

Oak, maple, pine, teak.

b. Common plywood

Pine, fir, spruce

c. Furniture

Walnut, oak, cherry, maple, pine, mahogany

d. Ax handles

Hickory, ash

e. Fence posts

Locust, cedar, redwood, fir (treated)

f. Railroad ties

Hardwoods and softwoods.

g. Support beams for construction work

Oak, hickory, ash

h. Bows and arrows

Osage orange, yew, and elm for bows. Cedar, spruce, and fir for arrows

i. Ideal for use as kindling

Softwoods such as pine and cedar.

j. Burns slowly and leaves a bed of hot coals

Hardwoods, especially hickory and mesquite.

7. Name two examples each of trees which:

a. Grow best in wet lands

Bald Cypress, Sycamore, Willow, Swamp White Oak, Swamp Chestnut Oak, Overcup Oak, Tupelo Gum and Cottonwood.

b. Grow best at high levels in mountains

Larch, Bristlecone Pine (and many other pines), Birch, and Beech.

References

• Trees of North America, A Guide to Field Identification, by Brockman and Merrilees. Golden Press, New York, Copyright 1986, 1979, 1968.