Especialidades JA/Vida microscópica/Respuestas

1

Hacer una lista de cuatro grandes clases de microscopios. ¿Cuáles son algunas de las características de cada uno? Ser capaz de identificar las diferentes clases de microscopios en imágenes o visitar a un laboratorio en una universidad o un industria que utiliza estos microscopios.

2

Ser capaz de identificar las siguientes partes de un microscopio y explicar o demostrar la función de cada uno: ocular, objetivo, cabezal, revolver, portaobjetos, condensador, base, enfoque, el brazo.

3

Saber cómo calcular el aumento de un microscopio compuesto. Calcular la magnificación del microscopio que utiliza para esta especialidad.

4

Definir los siguientes términos microscópicos: diapositiva. cubreobjetos, portaobjetos, fijar, coloración, aceite de inmersión, unicelular, multicelular, cilios, flagelos, plancton.

slide

A slide is a small piece of rectangular glass upon which the specimen to be viewed is placed.

coverslip

The coverslip is a piece of glass the same shape as a slide (but often thinner) used to cover the specimen. The specimen is sandwiched between the slide and the coverslip.

wetmount

Wetmounting is when the user smears a wet specimen onto a slide.

fixing

Fixing preserves a specimen so that it does not decompose. Once a specimen has been fixed, it can be stored away and looked at again later.

staining

Staining colors the specimen so that it has a higher contrast and can be more easily seen under the microscope.

oil immersion

In order to get a sharp focus at magnifications above 400X, light must be coupled between the specimen and the objective by a layer of oil. If the light travels through air it gets too distorted.

unicellular

A unicellular organism has only one cell. This includes bacteria, many algae, amoebae, and many other organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye.

multicellular

A multicellular organism is made up of more than one cell. This includes animals, insects, plants, and most other life that can be seen around us on a daily basis.

cilia

Cilia are small hair-like appendages around the edge of a cell which allows the cell to propel itself through water. Cells in the human body have cilia. The cilia in the respiratory tract move mucus with particles trapped out of the air we breathe back up into the throat.

flagella

A flagella is a whip-like structure at the end of a cell that allows it to swim through the water. This is the way that sperm swim. Many bacteria also have flagella for swimming through their environment.

plankton

Plankton are any type unicellular marine organism at the bottom of the food chain.

5

Recoger muestras de agua (de estanques, arroyos, zanjas, cunetas, charcos, etc.) y buscar organismo vivos usando un microscopio con un mínimo aumento de 100X. Dibujar cinco de estos organismos con la mayor precisión posible. En la medida de los posible, identificar y etiquetar sus diagramas (incluyendo el aumento utilizado).

You will have better luck with this in the summer than in the winter, though it is not difficult to find microscopic life even in the winter. Still water is more likely to harbor microscope life than swift water. Often scraping 'scum' off of rocks will yield an interesting specimen. If necessary, instruct your Pathfinders to harvest a piece of ice from a frozen puddle in the woods or in a ditch, and let it thaw out before coming to the meeting. Aquariums and flower vases are good sources of water laden with microscopic life. Another option is to seed some tap water and let it "marinate" for a week. You can seed the water with hay, straw, grass, or even dirt from the floor. Just don't get too gross!

6

Dibujar y etiquetar una célula que incluya las siguientes partes: membrana celular, núcleo y citoplasma.

7

Conocer los reinos que tienen formas de vida microscópicas y conocer a dos organismos de cada una de ellas.

8

Mencionar al menos un ejemplo de cómo la vida microscópica es importante para: la alimentación humana, la salud humana, la medicina y otros organismos.

9

Dar al menos tres hábitos saludables que se han establecido como resultado directo de la vida microscópica nociva. Poner estos hábitos en práctica.