Especialidades JA/Lancha a motor/Respuestas

Lancha a motor
Asociación General Actividades recreacionales	Destreza: 2 Año de introducción: 1975

Requisitos

1

Tener la especialidad de Natación I, Avanzado.

Para consejos e instrucciones, véase [[AY Honors/Swimming - Advanced Beginner/es|]].

2

Conocer las leyes que regulan la navegación recreativa en su estado o provincia.

A summary of the boating laws for Australia, all U.S. States and Territories, and all Canadian Provinces can be found at the NASBLA website.

3

Saber qué peligros de las condiciones meteorológicas pueden afectar la seguridad en la navegación y el desempeño.

4

Conocer las normas náuticas de la vía y las ayudas a la navegación fluvial.

5

Saber qué equipo de seguridad, dispositivos de señales y luces son necesarios en los barcos clase A y Clase 1.

These regulations vary by country, size of boat, and change from time to time. In Canada the regulations for Sail and Power Boats over 9 m and up to 12 m (29’6” – 39’4”) at the time this question was answered are as an example. Be sure you know the requirements for where you are operating a given size boat:

6

Conocer y practicar las normas de seguridad de la navegación.

The other sections of this page cover this topic well.

7

¿Qué deben hacer los pasajeros del barco si éste zozobra?

8

¿Cuál es la regla general de prudencia?

Rule 2(b) of the International Rules and Inland Rules. Rule 2(b) states “In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.”

9

Conocer el significado de los siguientes términos de navegación:

9a

Hacia la popa

9b

Al través

9c

A bordo

9d

A popa

9e

En medio del bote

9f

Por la popa

9g

Bao/manga

The width of a vessel at the widest point, or a point alongside the ship at the midpoint of its length.

9h

Bajar el barco

Beneath the deck.

9i

Curva

A knot used to join two ropes or lines. See also hitch.

9j

Sentina

The compartment at the bottom of the hull of a ship or boat where water collects and must be pumped out of the vessel.

9k

Proa

1. The front of a vessel.
2. Either side of the front (or bow) of the vessel, i.e., the port bow and starboard bow. Something ahead and to the left of the vessel is "off the port bow", while something ahead and to the right of the vessel is "off the starboard bow." When "bow" is used in this way, the front of the vessel sometimes is called her bows (plural), a collective reference to her port and starboard bows synonymous with bow (singular) as described in Definition (1).

9l

Mamparo

An upright wall within the hull of a ship. Particularly a watertight, load-bearing wall.

9m

Abrazadera

A stationary device used to secure a rope aboard a vessel.

9n

Calado

The depth of a ship's keel below the waterline.

9o

Francobordo

The height of a ship's hull (excluding superstructure) above the waterline. The vertical distance from the current waterline to the lowest point on the highest continuous watertight deck. This usually varies from one part to another.

9p

Quilla

The central structural basis of the hull.

9q

Sotavento

Downwind of a point of reference.

9r

Puerto

The left side of the boat. Towards the left-hand side of the ship facing forward (formerly Larboard). Denoted with a red light at night.

9s

Estribor

The right side of the boat. Towards the right-hand side of a vessel facing forward. Denoted with a green light at night. Derived from the old steering oar or steerboard which preceded the invention of the rudder.

9t

Popa

The rear part of a ship, technically defined as the area built up over the sternpost, extending upwards from the counter rail to the taffrail.

9u

Equilibrar/centrar

1. Relationship of ship's hull to waterline.

9v

Barlovento

In the direction that the wind is coming from.

10

Mostrar la forma de poder operar adecuadamente un barco de motor de la siguiente manera:

10a

Ayudar a poner un barco en el agua desde un remolque.

Start by inspecting the boat ramp above and below the water for obstructions and to understand where to back the trailer in. Be polite to other ramp users and communicate your intentions to them. As you get into the water, but before the boat can float, undo the safety chain and loosen the cable off. Back the boat trailer into the water until the boat floats. Someone in the boat should operate the boat off the trailer while someone else unhooks the cable, deals with tying the boat to the dock with ropes (if required), and driving the truck and trailer away.

Good communication within your group and with others nearby is important to avoid damage.

10b

Comprobar los equipos de seguridad. Revisar el combustible y el motor.

It is good to have a small laminated (to prevent it getting wet) card with a safety checklist appropriate to a particular boat. Checking the fuel requires either looking at the gauge (if so equipped) or opening the tank and visually looking. The motor should be tested by running it gently while unloading from the trailer.

10c

Encender el motor y partir de una playa o muelle.

Watch where you are going. Don't go fast near the shore, and avoid making waves.

10d

Conducir un barco en línea recta por 400 metros. Hacer un giro de 90 grados a la izquierda y derecha. Hacer un giro de 180 grados.

This is just a simple demonstration of ability to handle the boat.

10e

Detenido, tirar el ancla y recuperarla.

The tricky part is doing this without damaging the boat. Go slow, controlling the chain/rope. A towel over the edge of the boat can help avoid damaging the fiberglass or other parts of the boat.

10f

Detenerse en un muelle o una playa con un buen nudo.

Again, slow and controlled. If beaching you need to tie to a sturdy tree or rock, remembering that tides and waves can move your boat if not properly secured. There are a few knots every boater needs to know:

Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Two half hitches Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Bowline Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Double bowline Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Stevedore's Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Anchor bend Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Square Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knot/Cleat hitch

Cleat Hitch - Use to secure the boat to a dock or secure a line to the boat Take the line to the ear of the cleat farthest from where the line comes from (the load). Take one wrap around the base of the cleat and then start a figure eight across the top of the opposite ear. Finish with a half hitch turned under so that the line is coming away from the cleat in the opposite direction from which it came in.

10g

Ayudar a sacar un barco del agua a un remolque.

First check for obstructions and communicate your intentions to others in the area. After one person backs the trailer into the water, slowly but forcefully drive the boat onto the trailer. Make sure your boat is straight on the trailer, which might mean letting the boat settle out before the next step. The person outside the boat should attach the cable and cinch it up before attaching the safety chain. Pull out of the water and attach safety straps at the back and anywhere else required. Check that no weeds are attached to the boat or trailer to prevent the spread of invasive species between lakes. If you have been in ocean water, rise your wheels and brakes. Attach any boat covers, and secure all ropes and equipment before driving off.

11

Conocer cómo preparar y almacenar un barco y el motor en la temporada baja.

References

Singificant portions of these answers are from http://www.tc.gc.ca/publications/EN/TP511/PDF%5CHR/TP511E.pdf and are used here for non-commercial purposes with permission.