AY Honors/Biochemistry/Requirements

Biochemistry

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Year Introduced:

1. Define the following terms:

a. Carbohydrates

b. Lipid

c. Fatty acid

d. Protein

e. Peptide

f. Enzyme

g. Amino acid

h. Nucleic acid

i. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic

j. Triglyceride

k. Monosaccharide

2. What is the importance of water in organisms? What are the main physical and chemical characteristics of the water molecule?

3. What does metabolism mean?

4. Biochemically, why do we feel hungry?

5. Explain how the glucose pathway occurs.

6. Which human cells depend only on this pathway for energy?

7. Which molecule links the glucose pathway and the Krebs Cycle?

8. What is the importance of the Krebs Cycle?

9. What is the function of lipids?

10. Why are lipids insoluble in water?

11. Why are lipids, and not glucose, used for energy storage?

12. What is beta oxidation? Why does this pathway receive this name?

13. What are essential and non-essential amino acids?

14. What are ketone bodies, where are they produced, and what are the consequences of excess production?

15. What compounds are formed by the binding of amino acids? What are the main functions of these compounds?

16. What is the importance of nucleic acids? What is its structure like and what are its components?

17. Draw a DNA molecule, with four nucleotides, naming its components.