Especialidades JA/Aeromodelismo/Respuestas

1

Construir y volar con éxito un avión de un kit de madera de balsa y papel, que sea propulsado por una banda de goma o por gas.

2

Construir un planeador con madera de balsa de un modelo prefabricado y observar sus características de vuelo en relación a la variable posición de las alas.

3

Hacer y volar con éxito dos diferentes estilos de aviones utilizando hojas de papel de entre 8 (20 cm) y 14 (35 cm) pulgadas de ancho y largo.

4

Definir, ubicar y explicar el uso de los siguientes elementos básicos:

a. Fuselaje

4b

Ala

Any surface used primarily for supporting an airplane inflight by forward motion.

4c

Alerón

Ailerons are movable control surfaces that are present on the trailing edge of both the right and left wings of a plane. Each surface moves in opposite directions enabling a plane to roll right or left. For a plane to roll to the left, the left wing aileron moves upwards while the aileron on the right wing moves downwards.

4d

Timón

This is the term used to describe the part of the tail that moves back and forth. This movement causes the tail of a plane to move which then turns the plane.

4e

Estabilizador horizontal

The horizontal "mini wing" at the tail section of the airplane. The elevator is attached to the horizontal stabilizer with hinges.

4f

Soporte del ala

A diagonal brace going from the fuselage to the bottom of the wing consisting of a bar or rod used to support the wing on the airplane.

4g

Cabina

Compartment where the pilot sits while flying the aircraft.

4h

Motor

The source of power to turn the propeller or turbines and generate thrust. Can be an internal combustion engine, jet engine, or in the case of an airplane model a rubber band engine.

4i

Tren de aterrizaje

An undercarriage that supports the weight of the plane when it is on the ground.

4j

Propela

The mechanical device attached to the engine that rotates to push against air and create thrust.

4k

Diedro

Dihedral is where the right and left wing tips are higher than the fuselage. More dihedral generally means that a plane will be more stable in the air, but will be more difficult to turn. Most planes require a bit of dihedral to fly well.

4l

Timón de profundidad

Elevator is the term used to describe a plane's horizontal control surface on the tail. This surface enables a plane to pitch upwards or downwards. When an elevator surface moves upwards, the tail moves downwards (the nose of the plane then points up) and vice-versa. Without an elevator, it is hard to control the altitude of a plane as you can't control the rise and fall of the nose of the plane.

4m

Propulsión

The mechanical force generated by the engine to move the airplane through the air.

4n

Mandos de vuelo

The vertical fin which is part of the tail assembly of the airplane. The rudder is attached to the vertical stabilizer with a hinge.

4o

Cola en V

V-Tail aircraft are planes that have only 2 stabilization surfaces (in the shape of a V) instead of a conventional horizontal and vertical stabilizers. In a V-Tail aircraft, the 2 control surfaces of the V-Tail work together to give elevator and rudder responses.