Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Parrots and Cockatoos/Answer Key"

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{{Taxobox | color = pink  
 
{{Taxobox | color = pink  
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| name = Long-billed Corella
+
| name = Gang-gang Cockatoo
 
| status = LC
 
| status = LC
−
| image = Longbilledcorella.jpg  
+
| image = Gang-gang female MJC01.jpg
 +
| image_width = 250px
 +
| caption =
 
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
 
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
 
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
 
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
 
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
 
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
 
| ordo = [[Psittaciformes]]
 
| ordo = [[Psittaciformes]]
−
| familia = [[Cacatuidae]]
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| familia = [[Cockatoo|Cacatuidae]]
−
| subfamilia = [[Cacatuinae]]
+
| subfamilia = [[Calyptorhynchinae]]
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| genus = ''[[Cacatua]]''
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| genus = '''''Callocephalon'''''
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| subgenus = ''[[Licmetis]]''
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| genus_authority = [[Rene Primevere Lesson|Lesson]], [[1837]]
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| species = '''''C. tenuirostris'''''
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| species = '''''C. fimbriatum '''''
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| binomial = Cacatua tenuirostris
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| binomial = ''Callocephalon fimbriatum''
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| binomial_authority = [[Heinrich Kuhl|Kuhl]], [[1820]]
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| binomial_authority = ([[James Grant (navigator)|Grant, J.]], [[1803]])
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| range_map = Bird range long-billed corella.png
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| range_map = Bird range gang-gang cockatoo.png
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| range_map_width = 150px
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| range_map_width = 240px
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| range_map_caption = Long-billed Corella range (in red)
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| range_map_caption = Gang-gang Cockatoo range (in red)
 
}}
 
}}
  
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The '''Long-billed Corella''', ''Cacatua tenuirostris'', is a [[cockatoo]] native to [[Australia]]. Species are mostly white, with a pink face and forehead. They also have faintly pink feathers on the breast and belly, and yellow on the underside of the wings and tail. The birds have a long white beak, which is used to dig for roots and [[seed]]s.  
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The '''Gang-gang Cockatoo''', ''Callocephalon fimbriatum,'' is found in the cooler and wetter forests and woodlands of [[Australia]], particularly [[:wikt:alpine|alpine]] [[bushland]]. Mostly mid grey in colour with some lighter scalloping (more pronounced and buffish in females) the male has a red head and [[crest (bird)|crest]], while the female has a small fluffy grey crest. It ranges throughout south-eastern Australia and [[Tasmania]]. The Gang-gang Cockatoo is the faunal emblem of the [[Australian Capital Territory]]. It is easily identified by its distinctive call, which is described as resembling a creaky gate, or the sound of a cork being pulled from a wine bottle.  
  
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Long-billed Corellas measure about 40cm in length and have a wingspan of about 80-90cm and averages 640g in weight.
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The name ''Gang-gang'' comes from a [[New South Wales]] [[Indigenous Australian|Aboriginal]] language, either [[Ngunnawal]] or [[Wiradjuri]]. It is possible both language groups called it that.
  
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The species can be found in the wild around western Victoria and southern New South Wales. Feral populations have sprung up in [[Sydney]] and [[Perth, Western Australia|Perth]] from the release of unwanted birds. This has serious implications in Western Australia where they may hybridize with the endangered southern race of the [[Western Corella]].
+
Unlike most other [[cockatoo]]s, Gang-gangs nest in young, solid trees, the females using their strong bills to excavate nesting cavities. Lots of older, hollow trees and loss of feeding habitat across south-eastern Australia through land clearing has led to a significant reduction in the numbers of this cockatoo in recent years.
  
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== Corellas as Pets ==
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This species was most often allied with the white cockatoos of the genus ''[[Cacatua]]''. This has always been controversial due to the unusual appearance and coloration of the bird, especially its [[sexual dichromatism]]. New research has finally resolved the matter, with the Gang-gang Cockatoo being recognized as a distinctive early offshoot of the calyptorhynchine (dark) cockatoos (Brown & Toft, 1999). Considering the robust phylogeny of the cockatoos now established, a comparison of characters gained and lost during the evolution of cockatoos suggests that the Gang-gang Cockatoo - while of course much changed and adapted during the maybe 20 million years since its last common ancestor with any other living species lived - is probably still very similar in overall appearance to how the earliest cockatoos would have looked, and certainly the most primitive-looking of the species alive today.
  
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Long-billed Corellas are also popular as pets in many parts of Australia. Although they were once uncommon as pets, their population has stabilised in the last decade. This may be due to their amazing ability to mimic words and whole sentences to near perfection. The long-billed corella has been labeled the best "talker" of the Australian Cockatoos, and even other native (Psittacines?)
+
==References==
 +
* {{IUCN2006|assessors='''[[BirdLife International]]'''|year=2004|id=47939|title=Callocephalon fimbriatum|downloaded=11 May 2006}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
 +
 
 +
* '''Brown''', D.M. & '''Toft''', C.A. (1999): Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). ''[[Auk (journal)|Auk]]'' '''116'''(1): 141-157.
 +
 
 +
* '''Flegg''', Jim (2002): ''Photographic Field Guide: Birds of Australia''. Reed New Holland, Sydney & London. ISBN 1-876334-78-9
 +
 
 +
==External links==
 +
{{commons|Callocephalon fimbriatum|Gang-gang Cockatoo}}
 +
* [http://www.parrotscience.com ParrotScience - cockatoo heavy information site]
 +
* [http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/npws.nsf/content/gang-gang_cockatoo_vulnerable NSW National Parks & Wildlife - Vulnerable species listing]
 +
*[http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1395&m=0 BirdLife Species Factsheet]
  
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==References==
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==Gallery==
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* {{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2004|id=47943|title=Cacatua tenuirostris|downloaded=06 May 2006}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
 
  
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* Flegg, Jim. ''Birds of Australia: Photographic Field Guide'' Sydney: Reed New Holland, [[2002]]. (ISBN 1-876334-78-9)
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<gallery>
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*[http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds/advice/endangeredspecies/threats.asp Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) website - Threats to wild bird populations]
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Image:Female_Gang_Gang_Cockatoo.jpg|A female Gang-gang cockatoo eating peppercorns
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*Hunt, chris. "A Guide To Australian White Cockatoos, their management, care and breeding. Sydney: ABK Publications (1999)
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Image:Gang-gang male MJC01.jpg|Male Gang-gang cockatoo
 +
Image:Gang-gang female MJC02.jpg|Female Gang-gang cockatoo
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</gallery>
  
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[[Category:Cacatua]]
 
 
[[Category:Birds of Australia]]
 
[[Category:Birds of Australia]]
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[[Category:Calyptorhynchinae]]
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[[Category:Genera of birds]]
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[[Category:Australian Aboriginal words and phrases]]
  
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{{parrot-stub}}
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[[cs:Kakadu přilbový]]
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[[es:Callocephalon fimbriatum]]
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[[es:Cacatua tenuirostris]]
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[[fr:Callocephalon fimbriatum]]
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[[fr:Cacatoès nasique]]
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[[lt:Šalmuotoji kakadu]]
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[[lt:Ilgasnapė kakadu]]
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[[ru:Шлемоносный какаду]]
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[[ru:Носатый какаду]]
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[[sv:Hjälmkakadua]]
−
[[sv:Näskakadua]]
 

Revision as of 11:05, 12 August 2007

Template:Taxobox

The Gang-gang Cockatoo, Callocephalon fimbriatum, is found in the cooler and wetter forests and woodlands of Australia, particularly alpine bushland. Mostly mid grey in colour with some lighter scalloping (more pronounced and buffish in females) the male has a red head and crest, while the female has a small fluffy grey crest. It ranges throughout south-eastern Australia and Tasmania. The Gang-gang Cockatoo is the faunal emblem of the Australian Capital Territory. It is easily identified by its distinctive call, which is described as resembling a creaky gate, or the sound of a cork being pulled from a wine bottle.

The name Gang-gang comes from a New South Wales Aboriginal language, either Ngunnawal or Wiradjuri. It is possible both language groups called it that.

Unlike most other cockatoos, Gang-gangs nest in young, solid trees, the females using their strong bills to excavate nesting cavities. Lots of older, hollow trees and loss of feeding habitat across south-eastern Australia through land clearing has led to a significant reduction in the numbers of this cockatoo in recent years.

This species was most often allied with the white cockatoos of the genus Cacatua. This has always been controversial due to the unusual appearance and coloration of the bird, especially its sexual dichromatism. New research has finally resolved the matter, with the Gang-gang Cockatoo being recognized as a distinctive early offshoot of the calyptorhynchine (dark) cockatoos (Brown & Toft, 1999). Considering the robust phylogeny of the cockatoos now established, a comparison of characters gained and lost during the evolution of cockatoos suggests that the Gang-gang Cockatoo - while of course much changed and adapted during the maybe 20 million years since its last common ancestor with any other living species lived - is probably still very similar in overall appearance to how the earliest cockatoos would have looked, and certainly the most primitive-looking of the species alive today.

References

  • Template:IUCN2006 Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
  • Brown, D.M. & Toft, C.A. (1999): Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). Auk 116(1): 141-157.
  • Flegg, Jim (2002): Photographic Field Guide: Birds of Australia. Reed New Holland, Sydney & London. ISBN 1-876334-78-9

External links

Template:Commons

Gallery

  • A female Gang-gang cockatoo eating peppercorns

  • Male Gang-gang cockatoo

  • Female Gang-gang cockatoo

cs:Kakadu přilbový es:Callocephalon fimbriatum fr:Callocephalon fimbriatum lt:Šalmuotoji kakadu ru:Шлемоносный какаду sv:Hjälmkakadua

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