Difference between pages "AY Honors/Steel Pan/Answer Key" and "AY Honors/Taíno Culture/Answer Key"

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{{honor_desc
 
{{honor_desc
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|stage=00
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|stage=100
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|honorname=Steel Pan
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|year=2019
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|skill=1
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|honorname=Taíno Culture
 
|category=Regional
 
|category=Regional
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|authority=South Caribbean Conference
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|authority=Puerto Rican Union
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|insignia=No_Patch.png
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|insignia_source=Puerto Rican Union
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|insignia=Taíno Culture AY Honor.png
 
}}
 
}}
  
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==1. By what other names is the steel pan known?== <!--T:1-->
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==1. Do the following:== <!--T:3-->
  
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==2. From what country did the steel pan originate and is now the national instrument of that country?== <!--T:2-->
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===a. Collect at least 10 items related to the customs of the Taínos. They can be originals, replicas, a photo collection, handicrafts and other artifacts. It can be a group collection, which should be varied with at least three objects from each participant.=== <!--T:4-->
  
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==3. Give a 500 word (brief) history in writing or an oral presentation to a group of how the steel pan changed from the “Tambu-Bambu” to its modern-day form. Include names of a few pioneers, arrangers and tuners.== <!--T:3-->
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===b. Visit a museum or indigenous settlement where different aspects of the Taíno culture are exhibited, or see an exhibition with objects from the Taíno culture. Discuss with your group what interested you the most and why.=== <!--T:5-->
  
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==4. Describe in writing (300 words-(briefly) how the steel pan is made.== <!--T:4-->
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<!--T:6-->
 +
You can visit the [[w:Caguana_Ceremonial_Ball_Courts_Site|Caguana Ceremonial Ball Courts Site]] in [[w:Utuado,_Puerto_Rico|Utuado]], the [[w:Tibes_Indigenous_Ceremonial_Center|Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center]] in [[w:Ponce,_Puerto_Rico|Ponce]], the [https://www.nuevaisla.com/parquedelasciencias.html Indigenous Museum in the Science Park] of [[w:Bayamón|Bayamón]], the [https://www.museolasamericas.org/ Las Américas museum] in the [[w:Ballajá_Barracks|Ballajá Barracks]] of [[w:Old_San_Juan|Old San Juan]], and others that have extensive representation of the Taíno culture.
  
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==5. Compile a picture scrapbook of varying types of steel pan. Label the pictures identifying the type of steel pan and state its primary function in an orchestra.== <!--T:5-->
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==2. Define at least 10 of the following words:== <!--T:7-->
  
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==6. What unique worldwide distinction does the steel pan have?== <!--T:6-->
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===a. Archaics=== <!--T:8-->
  
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==7. What equipment is used to extract music from the steel pan? Describe how it is made.== <!--T:7-->
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<!--T:9-->
 +
It means "the oldest" in reference to the first indigenous people who inhabited the island of Puerto Rico hundreds of years ago. After the archaics, the Taíno culture was established.
  
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==8. What are the E-Pan and the G-Pan?== <!--T:8-->
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===b. Yucayeque=== <!--T:10-->
  
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==9. What are steel pan musicians called?== <!--T:9-->
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<!--T:11-->
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Name that was given to the villages. It was a community of huts; a Taíno aboriginal home.
  
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==10. Name at least three steel orchestras from Trinidad and Tobago and three from other parts of the world. What is the common name for Steel Pan Orchestras?== <!--T:10-->
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===c. Cacique=== <!--T:12-->
  
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==11. What was the early attitude of Christian churches to the steel pan being played in church? What caused this attitude?== <!--T:11-->
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<!--T:13-->
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Chief of the yucayeque.
  
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==12. Communicate with at least one Christian who plays the steel pan for church or religious functions, finding out from them how they got started.== <!--T:12-->
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===d. Caney=== <!--T:14-->
  
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==References== <!--T:13-->
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<!--T:15-->
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The house of the cacique.
  
 +
===e. Conucos=== <!--T:16-->
 +
 +
<!--T:17-->
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Farm or area dedicated to agriculture.
 +
 +
===f. Guanín=== <!--T:18-->
 +
 +
<!--T:19-->
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Medallion or special adornment worn by the cacique on his chest.
 +
 +
===g. Bija=== <!--T:20-->
 +
 +
<!--T:21-->
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Name of the annatto plant used for coloring.
 +
 +
===h. Nagua=== <!--T:22-->
 +
 +
<!--T:23-->
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Small skirt for the married Taíno women.
 +
 +
===i. Areyto=== <!--T:24-->
 +
 +
<!--T:25-->
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Religious holiday or feast of the village.
 +
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===j. Nitaínos=== <!--T:26-->
 +
 +
<!--T:27-->
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Warriors, distinguished class with leadership roles.
 +
 +
===k. Bohíque=== <!--T:28-->
 +
 +
<!--T:29-->
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Priest and healer.
 +
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===l. Naborias=== <!--T:30-->
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<!--T:31-->
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This was the working class.
 +
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===m. Guasábaras=== <!--T:32-->
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<!--T:33-->
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Indigenous wars.
 +
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===n. Coatí=== <!--T:34-->
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 +
<!--T:35-->
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Dog that can't bark.
 +
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===o. Taínos=== <!--T:36-->
 +
 +
<!--T:37-->
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An extinct Arawak people formerly inhabiting the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas. The word "taíno" meant "noble, lord."
 +
 +
==3. Mention 10 typical foods of the Taínos.== <!--T:38-->
 +
 +
<!--T:39-->
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{| style="text-align: left; width: 650px"
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|-
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| '''[[w:Mammea_americana|Mamey]]''' || '''[[w:Papaya|Papaya]]''' || '''[[w:Tamarind|Tamarind]]''' || '''[[w:Soursop|Soursop]]'''
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|-
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| '''[[w:Cassava|Cassava]]''' || '''[[w:Sweet_potato|Sweet potato]]''' || '''[[w:Peanut|Peanuts]]''' || '''[[w:Maize|Corn]]'''
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|-
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| '''[[w:Frog|Frogs]]''' || '''Fish''' and '''[[w:Hawksbill_sea_turtle|sea turtles]]''' || '''[[w:Iguana|Iguana]] meat''' || '''[[w:Hutia|Hutias]]''' (a species of squirrel)
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|-
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| '''[[w:Pineapple|Pineapple]]''' || '''[[w:Psidium|Guava]]''' || '''[[w:Chili_pepper|Chili pepper]]''' || '''[[w:Cardisoma_guanhumi|Blue land crabs]]'''
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|}
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==4. Mention the names of five caciques.== <!--T:40-->
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<!--T:41-->
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Some caciques were:
 +
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<!--T:42-->
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* [[w:Urayoán|Urayoán]]
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* Mabó
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* Cacimar
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* [[w:Guarionex|Guarionex]]
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* Guamaní
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* Daguao
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* [[w:Agüeybaná|Agüeybaná]]
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* [[w:Arasibo|Arasibo]]
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* Orocovix
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* Aramaná
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==5. Mention five physical characteristics of the Taínos.== <!--T:43-->
 +
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<!--T:44-->
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* Dark, elongated eyes
 +
* Wide, flattened nose
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* Copper-colored skin
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* Short
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* Stocky and well-built body.
 +
* Straight, black hair
 +
* They had no beard or mustache
 +
 +
==6. What is a petroglyph? Draw two figures related to the Taíno culture.== <!--T:45-->
 +
 +
<!--T:46-->
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A petroglyph is a drawing made in stone that represents the images of their gods or their beliefs. Below are some examples from the Taíno culture.
 +
 +
<!--T:47-->
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[[File:Taíno Symbols Meanings 1.jpg]]
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[[File:Taíno Symbols Meanings 2.jpg]]
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[[File:Taíno Symbols Meanings 3.jpg]]
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[[File:Taíno Symbols Meanings 4.jpg]]
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[[File:Taíno Symbols Meanings 5.jpg]]
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[[File:Taíno Symbols Meanings 6.jpg]]
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<!--T:48-->
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You can find more symbols [https://www.tainoage.com/symbols_book.html here].
 +
 +
==7. Mention four materials they used for their housework.== <!--T:49-->
 +
 +
<!--T:50-->
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* Guayo: grater made of palms and stones to grate
 +
* Burén: Large clay plate for cooking cassava
 +
* Guariquitén: Clay container to knead the cassava
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* Dujo: Throne or special seat of the caciques
 +
 +
==8. Mention two religious beliefs of the Taínos.== <!--T:51-->
 +
 +
<!--T:52-->
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* They believed in many gods, they were polytheists
 +
* The ceremonies were conducted by a bohíque (priest or shaman)
 +
* Its main god was "Yocahú", a protector god who lived in "turey" (heaven)
 +
* They represented other minor gods through "[[w:Zemi|zemis]]"
 +
* In many of the "zemies" they placed pieces of bones of famous warriors or chieftains
 +
* They believed in evil gods like "Juracán", god of the cyclone winds
 +
* They believed that people got sick from the presence of evil spirits
 +
* They believed in life after death; when someone died, they placed pots of water and food, and personal items on the grave, to use in the afterlife
 +
* When the chief died, he was given a very special burial, and his favorite wife was buried alive next to the chief; this act was considered an honor
 +
 +
==9. Which of the Taino religious beliefs are practiced today?== <!--T:53-->
 +
 +
<!--T:54-->
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Review the beliefs and comment on them. It can enhance the reality that the concept of "god" has reached all parts of the world. Religious life is part of social and family life. When there are no noble guidelines and principles, religion takes human forms, full of superstitions as in indigenous cultures. Christianity is based on the love of God - The Creator, His mercy and forgiveness, and His hope in a new life. Many of these concepts are found in indigenous beliefs: hope, life after death, reward in the hereafter, and faith in rituals, among others.
 +
 +
==10. Name 10 Taíno words that are still used.== <!--T:55-->
 +
 +
<!--T:56-->
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In much of the Caribbean Spanish lingo, these words are still used:
 +
 +
<!--T:57-->
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{| style="text-align: left; width: 400px"
 +
|-
 +
| '''Hamaca''' || '''Macana''' || '''Juey''' || '''Batea''' || '''Barbacoa'''
 +
|-
 +
| '''Cabuya''' || '''Güiro''' || '''Bohío''' || '''Camuy''' || '''Yuagua'''
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|-
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| '''Yagua''' || '''Taíno''' || '''Batey''' || '''Canoa''' || '''Yuca'''
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|-
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| '''Jíbaro''' || '''Tereque''' || '''Guarapo''' || '''Maraca''' || '''Guayo'''
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|-
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| '''Iguana''' || '''Sabana''' || '''Enagua''' || '''Chin'''
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|}
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==References== <!--T:58-->
 +
 +
<!--T:59-->
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* [[w:Taíno|Wikipedia: Taíno People]]
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* [https://www.tainoage.com/meaning.html Meaning of Taíno Symbols]
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 +
<!--T:60-->
 
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Revision as of 03:46, 2 January 2021

Other languages:
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Template:Honor desc

1. Do the following:

a. Collect at least 10 items related to the customs of the Taínos. They can be originals, replicas, a photo collection, handicrafts and other artifacts. It can be a group collection, which should be varied with at least three objects from each participant.

b. Visit a museum or indigenous settlement where different aspects of the Taíno culture are exhibited, or see an exhibition with objects from the Taíno culture. Discuss with your group what interested you the most and why.

You can visit the Caguana Ceremonial Ball Courts Site in Utuado, the Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center in Ponce, the Indigenous Museum in the Science Park of Bayamón, the Las Américas museum in the Ballajá Barracks of Old San Juan, and others that have extensive representation of the Taíno culture.

2. Define at least 10 of the following words:

a. Archaics

It means "the oldest" in reference to the first indigenous people who inhabited the island of Puerto Rico hundreds of years ago. After the archaics, the Taíno culture was established.

b. Yucayeque

Name that was given to the villages. It was a community of huts; a Taíno aboriginal home.

c. Cacique

Chief of the yucayeque.

d. Caney

The house of the cacique.

e. Conucos

Farm or area dedicated to agriculture.

f. Guanín

Medallion or special adornment worn by the cacique on his chest.

g. Bija

Name of the annatto plant used for coloring.

h. Nagua

Small skirt for the married Taíno women.

i. Areyto

Religious holiday or feast of the village.

j. Nitaínos

Warriors, distinguished class with leadership roles.

k. Bohíque

Priest and healer.

l. Naborias

This was the working class.

m. Guasábaras

Indigenous wars.

n. Coatí

Dog that can't bark.

o. Taínos

An extinct Arawak people formerly inhabiting the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas. The word "taíno" meant "noble, lord."

3. Mention 10 typical foods of the Taínos.

Mamey Papaya Tamarind Soursop
Cassava Sweet potato Peanuts Corn
Frogs Fish and sea turtles Iguana meat Hutias (a species of squirrel)
Pineapple Guava Chili pepper Blue land crabs

4. Mention the names of five caciques.

Some caciques were:

5. Mention five physical characteristics of the Taínos.

  • Dark, elongated eyes
  • Wide, flattened nose
  • Copper-colored skin
  • Short
  • Stocky and well-built body.
  • Straight, black hair
  • They had no beard or mustache

6. What is a petroglyph? Draw two figures related to the Taíno culture.

A petroglyph is a drawing made in stone that represents the images of their gods or their beliefs. Below are some examples from the Taíno culture.

Taíno Symbols Meanings 1.jpg Taíno Symbols Meanings 2.jpg Taíno Symbols Meanings 3.jpg Taíno Symbols Meanings 4.jpg Taíno Symbols Meanings 5.jpg Taíno Symbols Meanings 6.jpg

You can find more symbols here.

7. Mention four materials they used for their housework.

  • Guayo: grater made of palms and stones to grate
  • Burén: Large clay plate for cooking cassava
  • Guariquitén: Clay container to knead the cassava
  • Dujo: Throne or special seat of the caciques

8. Mention two religious beliefs of the Taínos.

  • They believed in many gods, they were polytheists
  • The ceremonies were conducted by a bohíque (priest or shaman)
  • Its main god was "Yocahú", a protector god who lived in "turey" (heaven)
  • They represented other minor gods through "zemis"
  • In many of the "zemies" they placed pieces of bones of famous warriors or chieftains
  • They believed in evil gods like "Juracán", god of the cyclone winds
  • They believed that people got sick from the presence of evil spirits
  • They believed in life after death; when someone died, they placed pots of water and food, and personal items on the grave, to use in the afterlife
  • When the chief died, he was given a very special burial, and his favorite wife was buried alive next to the chief; this act was considered an honor

9. Which of the Taino religious beliefs are practiced today?

Review the beliefs and comment on them. It can enhance the reality that the concept of "god" has reached all parts of the world. Religious life is part of social and family life. When there are no noble guidelines and principles, religion takes human forms, full of superstitions as in indigenous cultures. Christianity is based on the love of God - The Creator, His mercy and forgiveness, and His hope in a new life. Many of these concepts are found in indigenous beliefs: hope, life after death, reward in the hereafter, and faith in rituals, among others.

10. Name 10 Taíno words that are still used.

In much of the Caribbean Spanish lingo, these words are still used:

Hamaca Macana Juey Batea Barbacoa
Cabuya Güiro Bohío Camuy Yuagua
Yagua Taíno Batey Canoa Yuca
Jíbaro Tereque Guarapo Maraca Guayo
Iguana Sabana Enagua Chin

References

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