Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Soils/Answer Key"

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[[Image:Aridisol profile.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Aridisol profile]]
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{{honor header|1|2006|Nature<br>North American Division}}
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{{AY patch unavailable|2006|November 2007}}
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==1. Define what "soil" means?==
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==2. Where on earth is all soil located?==
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==3. What are 5 key factors in soil formation?==
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==4. Define the following terms:==
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===a. A-Horizon===
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===b. B-Horizon===
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===c. C-Horizon===
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===d. Organic layer===
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===e. Mineral layer===
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===f. Clay===
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===g. Leaching===
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===h. Silica===
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===i. Humus===
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===j. Soil Profile===
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===k. Parent Material===
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===l. Pedologist===
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==5. Define the term "Soil Classification". Why are soils classified?==
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==6. Discuss three differences between the following soil types:==
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===a. Desert===
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===b. Temperate===
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===c. Tropical===
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==7. Examine a 2-foot vertical section of soil. Label the different types of organic matter found, identify the different soil horizons, and mark the transition from the soil layer to the mineral layer.==
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==8. Draw, photograph, or collect and correctly label 5 different soil types.==
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==References==
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* http://soils.usda.gov/
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* http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/FAOINFO/AGRICULT/AGL/agll/wrb/newkey.stm#DURISOLS
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*Bloom, Arthur L. (1978). Geomorphology: A Systematic Approach of Late Cenozoic Landforms. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. ISBN 0-13-353086-8
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*Press, Frank and Raymond Siever. (1978). Earth.W.H. Freeman & Company. San Francisco. ISBN 0-7167-0289-4.
  
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'''Aridisols''' (or '''desert soils''') are a soil order in [[USA soil taxonomy]].  Aridisols (from the Latin ''aridus'', for “dry”) form in an arid or semi-arid climate.  Aridisols dominate the [[deserts and xeric shrublands]] which occupy about one third of the Earth's land surface.  Aridisols have a very poor concentration of [[organic matter]] (In this case decomposed material, [[humus]]). <br> 
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[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
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Water deficiency is the major defining characteristic of Aridisols.  Also required is sufficient age to exhibit sub-soil weathering and development. Imperfect leaching in Aridisols often results in one or more subsurface soil horizons in which suspended or dissolved minerals have been deposited: silicate clays, sodium, calcium carbonate, gypsum or soluble salts. These subsoil horizons can also be cemented by carbonates, gypsum or silica. Accumulation of salts on the surface can result in salinization.
 
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==Suborders==
 
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:[[Argid]]s ([[clay]])
 
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:Calcids ([[carbonate]])
 
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:Cambids (tropical)
 
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:Cryrids (cold)
 
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:Durids (duripan)
 
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:[[Gypsid]]s ([[gypsum]])
 
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:[[Salid]]s (salts)
 
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==See also==
 
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* [[Pedogenesis]]
 
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* [[Pedology (soil study)]]
 
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* [[Soil classification]]
 
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* [[Soil science]]
 
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* [[Soil type]]
 
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== References ==
 
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* {{cite web | url =http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/orders/aridisols.html| title =Aridisols| publisher =USDA-NRCS| accessdate =2006-05-14}}
 
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* {{cite web | url =http://grunwald.ifas.ufl.edu/Nat_resources/soil_orders/aridisols.htm | title =Aridisols| publisher =University of Florida | accessdate =2006-05-14}}
 
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* {{cite web | url =http://soils.ag.uidaho.edu/soilorders/aridisols.htm | title =Aridisols| publisher =University of Idaho
 
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| accessdate =2006-05-14}}
 
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[[Category:Pedology]]
 
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{{soil-sci-stub}}
 
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[[de:Aridisol]]
 
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[[it:Aridisol]]
 

Revision as of 12:36, 29 August 2007

Template:Honor header Template:AY patch unavailable

1. Define what "soil" means?

2. Where on earth is all soil located?

3. What are 5 key factors in soil formation?

4. Define the following terms:

a. A-Horizon

b. B-Horizon

c. C-Horizon

d. Organic layer

e. Mineral layer

f. Clay

g. Leaching

h. Silica

i. Humus

j. Soil Profile

k. Parent Material

l. Pedologist

5. Define the term "Soil Classification". Why are soils classified?

6. Discuss three differences between the following soil types:

a. Desert

b. Temperate

c. Tropical

7. Examine a 2-foot vertical section of soil. Label the different types of organic matter found, identify the different soil horizons, and mark the transition from the soil layer to the mineral layer.

8. Draw, photograph, or collect and correctly label 5 different soil types.

References

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