Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Home Nursing/Answer Key"

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{{honor header|2|1938|Health and Science|General Conference}}
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A [[soft diet]] is recommended in many situations, including some types of [[dysphagia]] (difficulty swallowing), surgery involving the mouth or [[gastrointestinal tract]], and pain from newly adjusted [[dental braces|braces]].
  
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==1. Have the First Aid Honor.==
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In some situations, there are additional restrictions. For example, patients who need to avoid excessive [[Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease|reflux]], such as those recovering from esophageal surgery for [[achalasia]], are also instructed to stay away from foods that can aggravate [[Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease|reflux]], which include ketchup and other tomato products, citrus fruits, chocolate, mint, spicy foods, alcohol, and caffeine.
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{{ay prerequisite|Health and Science|First Aid, Standard}}
 
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==2. What foods are included in the following diets:==
 
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===a. Liquid ===
 
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*Creamed or clear soup
 
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*Any drink following the criteria below.
 
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*Pudding
 
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*Jello
 
  
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For a food to be classified as liquid, it would have to be able to be strained when heated.  For example, tapioca pudding would not qualify, but a milkshake without pieces of fruit or other foods would qualify.
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Many of the foods listed here can be adapted for a [[liquid diet|"full liquid"]] diet (not a [[liquid diet|"clear liquid"]] diet) by processing in a blender with an appropriate thinning liquid, such as a meat broth, fruit or vegetable juice, or milk.
  
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===b. Soft ===
 
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===c. Light===
 
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This diet is culturally diverse, and includes the following:
 
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*Food that is easy to digest.
 
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*Not spicy
 
  
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== Grains/starches ==
  
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===d. Full===
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*Pasta cooked soft
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A ''full diet'' is also sometimes referred to as a ''general diet''. It includes all food items, including drinks.
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*Rice cooked soft
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*Cooked cereals: oatmeal, porridge, Weetabix/Cream of Wheat
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*Macaroni & cheese
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*Mashed potatoes and gravy
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*Skinless baked potatoes with sour cream or cream cheese
  
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==3. Know the symptoms of a fever. Know how to take person's temperature. Know how to bring a high temperature down.==
 
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==4. Know what is a normal pulse rate, respiration rate, and temperature. Practice taking the pulse rate, respiration rate, and temperature of a friend or classmate.==
 
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==5. What is a communicable disease? How is it transmitted? What precautions should be followed to guard against communicable diseases? List safety measures to be observed when caring for a person with a communicable disease in the home.==
 
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==6. What symptoms tell you that a person is physically ill?==
 
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==7. Know how to help take care of a newborn and an aged person in your home.==
 
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==8. Know when and how to wash your hands when caring for a sick person.==
 
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==9. Know how to make a bedridden patient comfortable in bed.==
 
  
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Use a draw sheet or a piece of cloth under the patient if available, so they can be turned and pulled up in bed with more ease, preventing friction on their skin.
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==  ==
  
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Make sure the person is aligned properly, especially when on their back. 
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*Tofu
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*Cottage cheese
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*Yogurt
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*Scrambled eggs
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*Fish cooked soft
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*Meat loaf, meatballs, cottage pie, and other soft dishes with ground meat
  
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Turn the patient every 2 hours during the day and at least 1 to 2 times during the night if possible. 
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== Fruits and vegetables ==
  
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Prop the patient up prior to eating and a half hour afterwards if possible.  Otherwise turn the patient on their left side to eat if able.
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*Applesauce
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*Bananas
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*Peeled pears or peaches
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*Avocados
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*Creamed spinach
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*Many kinds of [[soup]]
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*Carrots, broccoli, or other vegetables cooked soft or processed in the blender
  
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Using a pillow between the knees while the patient is on his side can help prevent skin break down or creating a twist in the spine.
 
  
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Have the patient by a window if possible or not contraindicated.
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== Desserts ==
  
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Have the things a patient can use within reach if applicable. 
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*Cheesecake
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*Pudding
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Provide an atmosphere conducive to the patient's and families needs if possible.  Example, some people do better being in the middle of the daily activities or they may need a  quiet place.
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*Fruit [[smoothies]]
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*[[Milkshakes]]
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Provide adequate nutrition and fluids if applicable.
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*Ice cream
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*Custard
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Keep the patient clean.
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*Biscuits or cookies dipped in tea or milk
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*Yogurt
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Be respective of the patient's dignity.
 
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==10. Show how to feed a helpless patient in bed.==
 
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==11. Show how to give liquid medicine and tablets, pills, or capsules to children and adults. Know how to properly apply eye drops.==
 
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===Administering Medicines===
 
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===Applying Eye Drops===
 
  
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:Instruct your patient of the procedure as appropriate.
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== See also ==
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:The head of your patient should be tipped back. Gently pull down on the skin below the eye and apply the drop in the pocket formed below the eyeball without touching the dropper on the patient.  Then gently apply pressure at the tear duct area with your finger when the patient closes their eye.  Instruct the patient not the squeeze their eye shut tight.
 
  
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[[Image:Eye_iris.jpg|240px]]
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*[http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/dysph.asp NIDCD information on dysphagia]
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<br style="clear:both">
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*[http://dysphagiaonline.com Dysphagia Online]
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*[http://www.dentalhealth.org.uk/faqs/leafletdetail.php?LeafletID=53 British Dental Health Foundation]
  
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==12. Demonstrate the method of giving fomentations and foot baths. Explain the value of their use and tell the conditions under which such treatments should be given.==
 
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==13. Demonstrate the application of a heating compress and the use of heat and cold for the treatment of inflammation and bruises.==
 
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==14. Explain how the following natural remedies help in preventing disease: Note how the first letter of each item spells NEW START.==
 
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;a. Nutrition:
 
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;b. Exercise:
 
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;c. Water:
 
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;d. Sunshine:
 
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;e. Temperance:
 
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;f. Air:
 
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;g. Rest:
 
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;h. Trust in God:
 
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==References==
 
  
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[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
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[[Category:Nutrition]]
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[[Category:Diets]]

Revision as of 12:49, 4 October 2007

A soft diet is recommended in many situations, including some types of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), surgery involving the mouth or gastrointestinal tract, and pain from newly adjusted braces.

In some situations, there are additional restrictions. For example, patients who need to avoid excessive reflux, such as those recovering from esophageal surgery for achalasia, are also instructed to stay away from foods that can aggravate reflux, which include ketchup and other tomato products, citrus fruits, chocolate, mint, spicy foods, alcohol, and caffeine.

Many of the foods listed here can be adapted for a "full liquid" diet (not a "clear liquid" diet) by processing in a blender with an appropriate thinning liquid, such as a meat broth, fruit or vegetable juice, or milk.


Grains/starches

  • Pasta cooked soft
  • Rice cooked soft
  • Cooked cereals: oatmeal, porridge, Weetabix/Cream of Wheat
  • Macaroni & cheese
  • Mashed potatoes and gravy
  • Skinless baked potatoes with sour cream or cream cheese


  • Tofu
  • Cottage cheese
  • Yogurt
  • Scrambled eggs
  • Fish cooked soft
  • Meat loaf, meatballs, cottage pie, and other soft dishes with ground meat

Fruits and vegetables

  • Applesauce
  • Bananas
  • Peeled pears or peaches
  • Avocados
  • Creamed spinach
  • Many kinds of soup
  • Carrots, broccoli, or other vegetables cooked soft or processed in the blender


Desserts

  • Cheesecake
  • Pudding
  • Fruit smoothies
  • Milkshakes
  • Ice cream
  • Custard
  • Biscuits or cookies dipped in tea or milk
  • Yogurt

See also

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