Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Aboriginal Lore/Answer Key"

Revision as of 06:37, 28 June 2006

Bark painting is an Australian Aboriginal art-form which is done on the interior strip of a tree bark. This is a continuing form of artistic expression in Arnhem Land and other regions in the Top End of Australia including parts of the Kimberley in Western Australia. The predominant material of choice is the bark from Stringybark, or Eucalyptus tetradonta. Earth pigments - or ochres - in red, yellow and black are used and are mineral oxides of iron and manganese. White pipeclay, or calcium carbonate, is also used. Ochres may be fixed with a binder such as PVA glue, or in the old days, with the sap or juice of plants such as orchid bulbs. Traditionally, bark paintings were produced for instructional and ceremonial purposes and were transient objects. Today, they are keenly sought after by collectors and public arts institutions. Some great Aboriginal bark painters include Yirawala, John Mawurndjul, Djawa, Binyinyuwuy, Munggurrawuy Yunupingu, Paddy Dhathangu, Wandjuk Marika, and Lofty Bardayal Nadjamerrek.

External links

Aboriginal Art - Bark paintings

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-'''Marn Grook''' (also spelt ''marngrook'') is an [[Australian Aborigine|Australian Aboriginal]] ball game, which is claimed to have had an influence on the modern game of [[Australian Rules Football]], most notably in the spectacular jumping and [[Mark (Australian football)|high marking]] exhibited by the players of both games.
+'''Bark painting''' is an [[Australian]] [[Indigenous Australians|Aboriginal]] art-form which is done on the interior strip of a [[bark|tree bark]]. This is a continuing form of artistic expression in Arnhem Land and other regions in the Top End of Australia including parts of the Kimberley in Western Australia. The predominant material of choice is the bark from Stringybark, or Eucalyptus tetradonta. Earth pigments - or ochres - in red, yellow and black are used and are mineral oxides of iron and manganese. White pipeclay, or calcium carbonate, is also used. Ochres may be fixed with a binder such as PVA glue, or in the old days, with the sap or juice of plants such as orchid bulbs. Traditionally, bark paintings were produced for instructional and ceremonial purposes and were transient objects. Today, they are keenly sought after by collectors and public arts institutions. Some great Aboriginal bark painters include Yirawala, John Mawurndjul, Djawa, Binyinyuwuy, Munggurrawuy Yunupingu, Paddy Dhathangu, Wandjuk Marika, and Lofty Bardayal Nadjamerrek.
-Marn Grook, literally meaning "Game ball",  was a traditional game played at gatherings and celebrations of up to 50 players by the [[Djabwurrung]] and [[Jardwadjali]] people of western [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]].
+==External links==
+*[http://www.aboriginalartonline.com/art/bark.php Aboriginal Art] - Bark paintings
+{{painting-stub}}
-== Eye-witness accounts ==
+[[Category:Australian Aboriginal art]]
-In [[1878]] in his book ''The Aborigines of Victoria'' [[Robert Brough-Smyth]] refers to a man called Richard Thomas (the [[Protector of Aborigines]]) who stated that in about [[1841]] he had witnessed Aborigines playing the game:
+[[Category:Painting techniques]]lettuceham sandwhiches you fuck witz
-:''The men and boys joyfully assemble when this game is to be played. One makes a ball of possum skin, somewhat elastic, but firm and strong. The players of this game do not throw the ball as a white man might do, but drop it and at the same time kicks it with his foot. The tallest men have the best chances in this game. Some of them will leap as high as five feet from the ground to catch the ball. The person who secures the ball kicks it. This continues for hours and the natives never seem to tire of the exercise.''
-[[Tom Wills]], who drew up the rules of Australian Rules Football, was raised in Victoria's western districts and is said to have regularly played with local Aboriginal children. He recalled watching a game in which they kicked a [[possum]] skin about the size of an orange stuffed with charcoal{{citation needed}}. The game was played between large groups on a [[totemic]] basis &mdash; the white [[cockatoo]]s versus the black cockatoos, for example &mdash; with the greatest honour going to those who could leap or kick the highest.
-== Marn grook and the word ''mark'' ==
-Some claim that the origin of the word "[[Mark (Australian football)|mark]]" is derived from the Aboriginal word "mumarki" used in Marn Grook meaning "to catch".{{fact}} However this is a false etymology as the term ''mark'' actually comes from the practice of a player who has just taken a mark physically ''marking'' the ground with his foot to show where he took the fair catch. The term ''to mark'' is used in English football codes, notably early [[Association Football]].
-== The Marngrook Trophy ==
-In [[2002]], in a game at [[Stadium Australia]], the [[Sydney Swans]] and [[Essendon Football Club]] began to compete for the '''''Marngrook Trophy''''', awarded after home-and-away matches each year between the two teams in the [[Australian Football League]]. However, the games are played under normal rules of the AFL, rather than anything approaching Marn Grook.
-== External links ==
-* [http://www.aboriginalfootball.com.au/marngrook.html Aboriginal Football - Marn Grook]
-[[Category:Australian Aboriginal culture]]
-[[Category:Australian rules football]]
-[[Category:Sport in Australia]]
-[[Category:Traditional football]]
-{{afl-stub}}