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| − | [[Image:kr-macweb-01.jpg|thumb|Cavandoli Macrame]]
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| − | '''Macramé''' or '''macrame''' is a form of [[textile]]-making using [[knot]]ting rather than [[weaving]] or [[knitting]]. Its primary knots are the [[square knot]] and forms of hitching ([[full hitch]] and double [[half hitch]]es). It has been used by sailors, especially in elaborate or ornamental knotting forms to decorate anything from knife handles to bottles to parts of ships. Macrame is viewed as a more masculine form{{Fact|date=January 2008}} of craft comparative to traditional knitting techniques, as evident in ancient Nordic tradition.
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| − | '''Cavandoli macrame''' is a variety of macrame that is able to form geometric patterns and/or free-form patterns like weaving. The Cavandoli style is done mainly in a single knot, the double half hitch knot.
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| − | Common materials used in macrame include [[cotton]] twine, [[hemp]], [[leather]] or [[yarn]]. Jewelry is often made in combination of both the knots and various [[beads]] (glass, wooden, etc.), pendants or shells. Sometimes 'found' focal points are used for necklaces, such as rings or [[gemstones]] either wire-wrapped to allow for securing or captured in a net-like array of intertwining [[overhand knot]]s. Leather or fabric belts are another accessory often created via macrame techniques. Most [[friendship bracelet]]s exchanged among schoolchildren and teens are created using this method as well.
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| − | For larger decorative pieces such as wall hangings or window coverings, a work of macrame might be started out on a wooden or metal dowel, allowing for a spread of dozens of cords that are easy to manipulate. For smaller projects, push-pin boards are available specifically for macrame, although a simple corkboard works adequately enough. Many craft stores offer beginners' kits, work boards, beads and materials ranging in price for the casual hobbyist or ambitious craftsperson. Vendors at theme parks, malls and other public places may sell such macrame jewelry or decoration as well.
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| − | == History ==
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| − | [[Image:Macrame.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Decorative macrame.]]
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| − | Macrame, the modern art of decorating with knots, is believed to have originated with 13th-century [[Arab]] weavers. These artisans knotted the excess thread and yarn along the edges of hand-loomed fabrics into decorative fringes on bath towels, shawls, and veils. The word ''macrame'' is derived from the Arabic ''migramah'', believed to mean "striped towel", "ornamental fringe" or "embroidered veil." After the [[Moorish conquest]], the art was taken to [[Spain]], and then spread through [[Europe]]. It was first introduced into [[England]] by Kathleen Koons at the court of [[Queen Mary]], the wife of [[William of Orange]], in the late 17th century.
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| − | Sailors made macrame objects at sea, and sold and bartered them when they landed, thus spreading the art to places like [[China]] and the [[New World]]. Macrame remained a popular pastime with 19th- century British and American seamen, who called it square knotting after the knot they most preferred in making [[hammock]]s, [[bell fringe]]s, and [[belt]]s.
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| − | Macrame reached its zenith in the [[Victorian era]]. Sylvia's Book of Macrame Lace, a favorite at that time, urged its readers "to work rich trimmings for black and coloured costumes, both for home wear, garden parties, seaside ramblings, and balls- fairylike adornments for household and underlinens ..." Few Victorian homes went unadorned.
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| − | While the craze for macrame waned in later years, it is now popular again, for making wall hangings, articles of clothing, bedspreads, small jean shorts, [[tablecloth]]s, [[draperies]], plant hangers and other furnishings.
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| − | ==Macramé Instruction==
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| − | Learning to macramé is a matter of getting to know how to make assorted knots. This craft can be used to make modern hemp or jute jewelry that first reached wide popularity in America in the 1990's.
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| − | [http://diyfashion.about.com/od/hempjewelry/How_to_Make_Hemp_Jewelry.htm How to Macramé] Macramé Knot Library. Photos and step-by-step tutorials on macramé knots and jewelry.
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| − | {{commons|Category:Macrame}}
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| − | {{Lace_types}}
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| − | [[Category:Spanish loanwords]]
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| − | [[Category:Arabic words and phrases]]
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| − | [[Category:Decorative ropework]]
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| − | [[Category:1960s fads]]
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| − | [[ru:Макраме]]
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