AY Honors/Business/Answer Key/es

Negocios

Nivel de destreza

2

Año

2015

Version

24.11.2024

Autoridad de aprobación

División Norteamericana

1

Definir los siguientes términos:

1a

Salir sin ganar ni perder

1b

Negocio

1c

Plan de negocio

1d

Capital

1e

Distribución

1f

Interés

1g

Microempresa

1h

Precio

1i

Producto

1j

Producción

1k

Beneficio

1l

Promoción

1m

Servicio

1n

Mercado objetivo

2

Describir tres maneras en que un negocio puede ser concebido.

3

Explicar los beneficios de tener un equipo directivo en un negocio (tenga en cuenta que una persona puede adoptar todos estos papeles en un pequeño negocio).

4

Hacer una lista de las maneras en que se puede promover el producto/servicio de un negocio.

5

Mostrar cómo se determina:

5a

Precio del producto

5b

Punto muerto (umbral de rentabilidad)

5c

Beneficio/pérdida

6

Discutir las maneras en que los beneficios de un negocio pueden ser usados.

Profits are used in one or a combination of these ways depending on the objectives of the company:

• dividends to shareholders
• to increase the working capital (cash on hand)
• to buy assets or otherwise invest in growing the business, including increases in receivables
• to retire debt

If the business is not structured as a company, the profits go to the single owner or partners who may reinvest if they wish.

7

Aportar por lo menos cuatro ideas para pequeños negocios que pueden ser conducidos por los Conquistadores en su club o los jóvenes en su iglesia. Evaluar las fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas asociadas con cada una de ellas.

This requirement introduces the business concept of a SWOT analysis. SWOT is a popular way to evaluate business ideas and the business itself. While not a perfect tool, it is widely used in organizational decision making and can be very helpful.

When doing SWOT, you make lists of internal and external factors influencing the plan or organization. Strengths and Weaknesses are internal while Opportunities and Threats are external.

Every Pathfinder Club needs to bring in money, and every plan to bring in money is essentially a business plan. So let's run an example your own Club can expand on.

Step 1: Generate ideas for a business. Write down even seemingly crazy ideas because they may prove practical or lead to a great idea. You might also combine ideas as you move through the process.

Example ideas: flea market, car wash, making and selling quilts, building and selling bird houses.

Step 2: Take the first idea - a flea market day at your gym to make money. The Club would go into the business of renting space and tables, as well as offering ancillary services. Is this a good idea? Let's do a SWOT Analysis to find out.

Step 3: Start by everyone brainstorming points for the list of factors. Write them on a sheet of paper or a white board for all to see (which reduces duplication and encourages related ideas). Don't worry about classifying the points during the brainstorming but be thinking about Internal Strengths, and Weaknesses as well as External Opportunities and Threats. Here are some possible SWOT items.

Strengths (internal):

• The club has 10 Pathfinders and 5 adults to advertise and run the sale
• Not a lot of skill needed
• Pathfinders have time (nothing else to do on Sunday)
• Earning this honor is motivational
• Might make $1000 dollars based on rough budget

Weaknesses (internal):

• No one has any experience at this business
• Some Pathfinders are too young to help without a parent to help
• Takes up time that could be used for archery or camping or whatever

Opportunities (external):

• People like to support a good cause and Pathfinders (framed as a "youth program") is considered by everyone to be a good cause
• We can use the school gym, tables and chairs for free
• Facebook groups and walls are a good place to advertise free
• We can advertise with fliers while can collecting
• We promote the Pathfinder Club and possibly attract new members
• We introduce people to the Adventist School and adjoining church

Threats (external):

• People might leave a lot of garbage
• If it snows, few will show up
• The public school two blocks away has a similar event the week before, so people might sell their stuff there instead
• The city might require a permit and might not approve it.

Step 4: Categorize your list and weight it. While categorizing, you should see some things you missed, so add them. Don't just count up the S's and O's vs the W's and T's, you need to assign importance to them. Some threats are only remote or even not real for example. A big opportunity might be worth doing if there is limited threats and the weaknesses can be overcome. However a major weakness in an otherwise great idea can sink it.

Step 5: Can you eliminate threats and fix weaknesses? Perhaps teaming up with another group or finding a donor is the answer.

Step 6: Either make a decision (Yes or No), or compare to your SWOT on several other business ideas before making a decision.

In this example, we also did a SWOT on the car wash, quilts and birdhouses. We decided that we could earn the Woodworking honor while building the birdhouses and than sell them at our flea market event. We also decided to sell veggie tacos at the event and have a display about our Pathfinder club.

We decided that since we want to do the business in January, our Canadian location (a Weakness for the car wash idea) meant cold weather (a threat in the car wash idea) and that these two factors could lead to frozen Pathfinders which trumped all the Strengths and Opportunities for the car wash business idea.

8

Desarrollar un plan de negocios para por lo menos una de sus ideas de #7 anteriormente. Incluir lo siguiente en el plan:

8a

Descripción del negocio

both a concise two or three sentences plus a more detailed analysis of how you plan to run the business

8b

Capital necesario y la fuente del capital

will you use money on hand, borrow, or get investors?

8c

Precio del producto/servicio

determined through market research and your budgeted costs plus markup. 

8d

Mercado objetivo

who do you expect to buy your product or service? Define the target market as carefully as you can as this will help in everything from pricing to promotion strategy.

8e

Método de promoción

this will be based on your product, where to best connect with your target market, and especially the resources available to you

8f

Ubicación de ventas

this could be a specific place, a range of places (different retailers, door to door, or online)

8g

Beneficios esperados

your budgeted profit - expected income less expected expenses including contingency for unexpected expenses. If you are not confident in a profit don't to the business! 

8h

Difusión de los beneficios

what will you do with the expected profits. Will money go to the club? Do you need to share with your investors? Will you reinvest to build the business bigger?

This is a good outline for any business plan. Every good business plan is written down and checked carefully. Are your assumptioms correct? Have you covered all your expected costs? As you execute your plan, check back to be sure you are following the plan.

Business Plans are not meant to be written and then thrown in a drawer to be forgotten. Treat it as a living plan always subject to improvement. You may need to adjust the plan if circumstances turn out to be different than you planned, or if things change. Regualrly evaluate your business plan to see what assumptions need to be adjusted and to see how you did so you can improve the plan going forward.

9

Ejecutar el plan:

9a

Edificar el equipo directivo

For your Pathfinder Club business you will want to assign different roles to the participants in the business. Someone should be the President/General Manager too to coordinate the other's work, hold people accountable for performance and help make difficult decisions

9b

Crear el producto

The product could be a service or a physical product.

9c

Anunciar el producto/servicio

Look back at your promotion plans. You will likely want to try several promotion methods and test which work best

9d

Vender el producto o realizar el servicio

This means getting money from real customers

9e

Informar acerca de los beneficios/pérdidas

The report should be to your team, Pathfinder Club Director and to any investors or financial backers

9f

Informar acerca del uso de los beneficios

You need to be accountable to the stakeholders. This might include reporting to your church (which likely includes many customers) and show them what you did with the profits. This will help with your next fundraiser.

9g

Sugerencias para mejoramiento

Evaluation of a business plan is really important because it helps you do even better next time. Where there any failures? What could be improved? Can you add in something that will make the project more profitable? Look at each part of the business and assess for improvement.

10

Discutir temas éticos y valores cristianos involucrados en la conducción de un negocio.

10a

A Dios

Everything belongs to God, including your business. Remember to treat God's business right and God will treat you right. Discuss what this means in the context of your plans.

10b

Al gobierno

Some discussion starters. Do you have the appropriate licenses and permits? Does your business meet the zoning bylaws? Are you collecting and remitting taxes correctly (or are you exempt and why)? How can you be a good witness to government officials?

10c

Al cliente

Discussion starters include: How can you provide a quality product at a fair price to your customer? Can you find ways to witness and model Christ to your clients?

10d

Al empleado

The Christian businessperson should treat everyone around the business as they would like to be treated. Treat all employees honestly and fairly, and expect them to treat you honestly as well.

11

Recontar la historia de José como un astuto gerente y hombre de negocios (Génesis 41:39-57), la parábola de los talentos (Lucas 19:11-26) u otro pasaje bíblico similar. Identificar tres lecciones de la historia que se pueden aplicar a su negocio.

Genesis 41:39-57 Luke 19:11-26

Other stories to look at:

Jacob's success while working for Laban. He used some kind of business plan for his farm that is hard to understand, but it worked Genesis 30.

As far as we can tell, Jesus called no synagogue preachers to be his closest disciples. Instead Jesus called at least 6 fishermen who owned boats and sold fish. He called Matthew, a businessman contracted to the Romans as a local tax collector. Even Judas seems to be a finance person for he was tasked with keeping the money.

Jesus himself was a businessperson, part of a family business (though in English we read Jesus was a carpenter, the Greek word “tekton” actually describes a craftsman, one who constructs; a versatile builder and stone worker.) Perhaps this is why in His ministry Jesus demonstrated such a broad knowledge of business and why about 34 of his approximately 50 recorded parables dealt with business, finance or workplace content for the illustration. Jesus told parables about many businesses including farming (sower, shepherds, etc), fishing, investing (parable of the talents) buying land (man found treasure, sold everything and bought the field), trading (pearl of great price), and more.

Many of Jesus' public ministry appearances appear to have occurred in the marketplace and workplace.

Paul, Priscilla and Aquila, operated a tent making business, so that none of them appear to have needed others to donate so they could preach. Lydia, a leader in the Philippian Church, was a textile dealer.

James White sold Bibles, Bible Commentaries and other reference books in the frontier to support his and Ellen White's ministry. The Whites also invested in real estate and in preparing their own books for sale. Some were critical of the White's relative financial success, but an investigation into the White's finances found that they legitimately had been supporting themselves plus the infant church from their business endeavors.

Other early Adventists often used businesses to support themselves. For example, Hiram Edson farmed during the summer to support himself while preaching. The Review and Herald and Pacific Press took in outside printing work to subsidize and support the religious work. The Kelloggs created breakfast cereal and built a famous company. Adventists also build a hospital system, book publishing empire, and ran many industries to support the school system.

The SDA Church owns and operates many publishing houses, book centers, schools, hospitals, nursing homes, food factories (most famously Sanitarium Health Foods based in the South Pacific). The Church also owns substantial real estate around the world. Church administration (theologians) has proven to usually be poorly equipped to run businesses owned by the church, which is why professional well trained business people are vital to ensure that the businesses the church does own and operate are run accordingly to good business principles.

References