Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Basketball/Answer Key"

Basketball
Basketball
Recreation
	Skill Level 123
Approval authority General Conference	Year of Introduction 1999
	See also Sportsman Master Award

Latest revision as of 18:54, 13 July 2022

Other languages:

English • ‎español

Basketball

Skill Level

1

Year

1999

Version

24.11.2024

Approval authority

General Conference

1

Know the basic rules of basketball.

When James Naismith invented basketball, he devised thirteen rules:

The object of the game is to put the ball into your opponent's goal. This may be done by throwing the ball from any part of the grounds, with one or two hands, under the following conditions and rules.

The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands.
A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, or dribble the ball with one hand whilst running, allowances to be made for a man who catches the ball when running if he tries to stop.
The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it.
No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall come as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
A foul is striking the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as described in Rule 5.
If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).
A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. If the ball goes over the backboard, hits the side or the top of the backboard, then the ball is officially out of play.
When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person touching it. He has a right to hold it unmolested for five seconds. In case of a dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game the umpire shall call a foul on that side.
The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
The time shall be two, fifteen minute halfs with a five minute break in between.
The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In the case of a draw the game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued for five minutes after another jump ball.

The original game played under these rules was quite different than the one played today as there was no dribbling, dunking, three-pointers, or shot clock, and goal tending was legal.

Feel free to research more, like here, here, NBA Rules, and FIBA Rules.

2

What is the meaning of “Good Sportsmanship?”

Good conduct and attitude by sports participants, especially fair play, courtesy, striving spirit, and grace in losing.

3

Define the following terms:

3a

Air ball

Any shot that misses the basket completely and does not hit either the net, rim, or backboard.

3b

Backboard

That's the board behind the hoop/basket.

3c

Back court

The area from the midcourt line to the end line for the team defending the basket.

3d

Front court

The area from the midcourt line to the end line for the team that is trying to score the basket.

3e

Baseline

The end line on a basketball court.

3f

Block

To hinder (or obstruct) an opponent's action(s).

3g

Bounce pass

The bounce pass is a fundamental passing technique. The player passes the ball to a teammate by bouncing the ball off the floor. A successful bounce pass can easily result in an assist because a bounce pass is harder for defenders to intercept.

3h

Double dribble

A double dribble is a violation in which a player dribbles (bounces) the ball, clearly holds it with a combination of either one or two hands (while either moving or stationary), and then proceeds to dribble again without first either attempting a field goal or passing off to a teammate.

3i

Dribbling

Dribbling is the legal method of advancing the ball by oneself, as opposed to passing it to another player or shooting for the basket. It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously while walking or running down the court.

3j

Fake

To trick or deceive (an opponent).

3k

Fast break

In a fast break, a team attempts to move the ball up court and into scoring position as quickly as possible, so that the defense is outnumbered and does not have time to set up.

3l

Field Goal

Field goal is the term for any basket not made while attempting free throws

3m

Fouled out

If a player commits five personal fouls over the course of a game, they foul out and thus disqualified from participation for the remainder of the game. A player within one or two fouls of fouling out is often said to be in "foul trouble." Players who foul out are not ejected and may remain in the bench area for the remainder of the game. Fouling out of a game is not considered to be grounds for further disciplinary action.

3n

Give and go

A basic play in basketball which comes from the action - one player gives (passes) the ball to a teammate and then goes to the basket and anticipating a return pass for a layup.

3o

Inbound

The area of the court that is inside the end lines and the sidelines, or, the act of bringing (throwing) the ball into this area.

3p

Intentional Foul

A personal foul which is judged to be premeditated.

3q

Jump ball

A jump ball is a method used to begin or resume play in basketball. It is similar to a faceoff in ice hockey. Two opposing players attempt to gain control of the ball after it is tossed up into the air in between them by an official.

3r

The Key

The free-throw lane, the lane, or, the paint. This is the area that starts at the free throw line and extends to the end line under the backboard/basket.

3s

Loose ball foul

A foul that takes place when neither team has possession of the basketball.

3t

Man to man

Man to man defense is a type of defensive tactic in which each player is assigned to defend and follow the movements of a single player on offense. Often, a player guards his counterpart (e.g. center guarding center), but a player may be assigned to guard a different position.

3u

One and one

A type of free throw. A bonus free-throw situation for non-shooting fouls. The person fouled shoots one free throw, and if successful, takes another free throw.

3v

Perimeter

The area outside the foul circle around the basket where players make long range shots.

3w

Pick

A screen is a blocking move by an offensive player, by standing beside or behind a defender, to free a teammate to shoot, receive a pass, or drive in to score. In basketball, it is also known as a pick. Screens can be on-ball (when set for the ball-handler), or off-ball (when set for a teammate moving without the ball to get open for a pass). The two offensive players involved in setting the screen are known as the screener (who blocks the defender) and the cutter (who gets free from the defender).

3x

Press

A defense that tries to force the opponent to make errors by guarding them closely.

3y

Rebound

The act of successfully gaining possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw. Rebounds in basketball are a major part in the game, as most possessions end after a missed shot. Rebounds are divided into two main categories=== offensive rebounds, in which the ball is recovered by the offensive side and does not change possession, and defensive rebounds, in which the defending team gains possession of the loose ball.

3z

Shot Clock

The shot clock is a timer designed to increase the pace (and subsequently, the score) in games. The offensive team must attempt a field goal before the shot clock expires, and the ball must then either touch the rim or enter the basket, or the offensive team will be assessed a violation resulting in loss of possession.

3aa

Steal

A steal occurs when the defensive player actively takes possession of the ball from the opponent's team

3bb

Team Fouls

A personal foul (by a player) that is also counted against the team.

3cc

Trap

A form of defense which attempts to create a turnover.

3dd

Traveling

Traveling is a violation of the rules that occurs when a player holding the ball illegally moves one or both of his feet. Most commonly, a player travels by illegally moving his pivot foot or taking too many steps without dribbling the ball. Traveling is sometimes also called "walking" or "steps."

3ee

Turnover

A turnover in basketball occurs when a player from one team gives possession to a member of another team by losing the ball without taking a shot

3ff

Zone Defense

A type of defense used in sports which is the alternative to man-to-man defense=== instead of each player guarding a corresponding player on the other team, each defensive player is given an area, or a "zone", to cover.

3gg

Center

The center is one of the standard positions in a regulation basketball game. The center is normally the tallest on the team, and often has a great deal of strength and body mass as well

3hh

Forwards

The Small forward, or, colloquially, the three, is one of the five positions in a regulation basketball game. Small forwards are typically somewhat shorter, quicker, and leaner than power forwards and centers, but on occasion are just as tall. The small forward position is considered to be perhaps the most versatile of the main five basketball positions, due to the nature of its role. The Power forward is a position in the sport of basketball. The position is referred to in playbook terms as the four position. Power forwards play a role similar to that of center in what is called the "post" or "low blocks".

3ii

Guards

The Shooting guard, also known as the two or off guard, is one of five traditional positions on a basketball team. Players of the position are often shorter, leaner, and quicker than forwards. A shooting guard's main objective is to score points for their team. The Point guard, also known as "the ball-handler," is one of the five traditional positions of a basketball team. Typically, being quicker and shorter than even a shooting guard, the more speed a point guard has, the more likely he/she will be able to create separation and space off the dribble, which allows the guard room to work.

3jj

Jump shot

A jump shot is an attempt to score a basket by jumping, usually straight up, and, mid-flight, propelling the ball in an arc into the basket. It is done so by the player bringing his or her elbow up until it is aligned with the hoop, then sent towards the hoop in a high arc. It is considered the easiest shot to make from a distance. The purpose of the jump is to make it more difficult for the defender to block.

3kk

Lay up

A layup is a field goal attempt made by leaping from below, laying the ball up near the basket, and using one hand to tip the ball over the rim and into the basket (layin) or to bank it off the backboard and into the basket (layup). The motion and one-handed reach distinguish it from a jump shot. The layup is considered the most basic shot in basketball.

3ll

Bank shot

A bank shot is a shot that relies on the ball bouncing off backboard and into the basket. It is mostly used for mid-ranged jump shots from an angle (usually at the elbow) and layups.

3mm

Dunk

A slam dunk (or simply a dunk) is a type of basketball shot that is performed when a player jumps in the air and manually powers the ball through the basket with one or both of his hands, then often grabs the rim shortly after the ball passes through the hoop (a dunk is still being performed if the rim is not grabbed, as long as the athlete powers the ball through the hoop manually).

3nn

Hook shot

A hook shot, is a play in which the offensive player, usually turned perpendicular to the basket, gently throws the ball with a sweeping motion of his arm in an upward arc with a follow-through which ends over his head. Unlike the jump shot, it is shot with only one hand=== the other arm is often used to create space between the shooter and the defensive player. Once the ball is in shooting position, the hook shot is one of the most difficult shots to effectively defend. However, prior to that point, as the ball is being brought up into position, it is very susceptible to being stolen from behind.

3oo

Free throw

Free throws or foul shots are unopposed attempts to score points from a restricted area on the court (the free throw line; informally known as the "charity stripe" or foul line), and are generally awarded after a foul by the opposing team.

3pp

Personal foul

A personal foul is a breach of the rules that concerns illegal personal contact with an opponent. It is the most common type of foul in basketball. Due to the nature of the game, personal fouls occur on occasions and are not always regarded as unsportsmanlike. However, a contact foul involving excessive or unjustified contact is classed as an unsportsmanlike foul.

3qq

Charging

An offensive foul, when the offensive player runs into a defender who has already established a position.

3rr

Blocking

The use of a defender's body position to illegally prevent an opponent's advance.

3ss

Technical foul

A technical foul is an infraction of the rules usually concerning unsportsmanlike non-contact behavior, and is generally considered a more serious infraction than a personal foul, but not as serious as a flagrant foul.

3tt

Three second violation

The three seconds rule requires that a player shall not remain in the opponents' restricted area (that is, within the lane, or area between the goal in the free throw line) for more than three consecutive seconds while his team is in control of a live ball in the frontcourt and the game clock is running.

3uu

Five second rule

The five-second rule, or five-second violation, is a rule that helps promote continuous play. There are multiple situations where a five-second violation may occur. In NCAA and NFHS rules, there are two situations in which a five-second violation may occur. One occurs when a player, while closely guarded, holds the ball for five seconds. A five-second throw-in violation occurs if, during a throw-in, the thrower does not release the ball before five seconds have elapses.

3vv

Ten second rule

The offensive team has ten seconds to advance the basketball out of their back court past the mid-court line.

3ww

Back court violation

When the offensive team allows the basketball to go behind the mid-court line and touches it before an opponent.

3xx

Inbound violation

Players have five seconds to inbound the ball, otherwise, it is an inbound violation.

3yy

League

A group of athletic teams to compete among themselves.

3zz

Three point shot

A three-point field goal, three-pointer, three-point shot, or simply three is a field goal made from beyond the three point line, a designated semi-ellipsoid arc radiating from the basket.

4

Demonstrate an understanding of the different skills required at each position.

Although the rules do not specify any positions whatsoever, they have become a part of basketball. During the first five decades of basketball's development, one guard, two forwards, and two centers or two guards, two forwards, and one center were used. Since the 1980s, more specific positions have developed, namely:

Point guard: usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time.
Shooting guard: creates a high volume of shots on offense; guards the opponent's best perimeter player on defense.
Small forward: often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively.
Power forward: plays offensively often with his back to the basket; on defense, plays under the basket (in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defense).
Center: uses size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to rebound.

The above descriptions are flexible. On some occasions, teams will choose to use a three guard offense, replacing one of the forwards or the center with a third guard. The most commonly interchanged positions are point guard and shooting guard, especially if both players have good leadership and ball handling skills.

5

Demonstrate reasonable skill in the following areas:

5a

Shooting from the free throw line

Each free throw is worth one point, and normally more than one is awarded. The importance of free throws is nevertheless sometimes underestimated; games have been known to be decided on them, especially when the score is close. Teams who could have sealed the game on free throws can finish with a narrow win or even a loss because of failure behind the line.

Free throws are organized in procession. The shooter takes his place behind the free throw line (19 feet from the base line, 15 feet from the basket). All other players must stand in their correct places until the ball leaves the shooter's hands:

Three people from the defensive team and two people from the shooting team line up along the sides of the restricted area (keyhole, paint, lane). These players are usually the ones that rebound the ball. Three line up on one side and two on the other. A defensive player always takes the place closest to the basket.

The remaining four players, two from each team, must remain behind the three point line and the free throw line extended (an imaginary line extended from the free throw line in both directions to the sidelines).

Leaving their designated places before the ball leaves the shooter's hands, interfering with the ball, and (for the defensive team only) attempting to put off the shooter, are all violations. In addition, the shooter must release the ball within five seconds (ten in the NBA as well as all other levels of basketball in the United States) and must not step on or over the free throw line until the ball touches the ring. Contrary to popular belief, players are permitted to jump while attempting the free throw, provided they do not leave the designated area at any point. A violation by the shooter cancels the free throw; a violation by the defensive team results in a substitute free throw if the shooter missed; a violation by the offensive team or a shot that completely misses the ring results in the loss of possession to the defensive team (only if it is on the last free throw).

5b

Shooting from different positions around the basket

Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball through the basket. While methods can vary with players and situations, the most common technique can be outlined here.

The player should be positioned facing the basket with feet about shoulder-width apart, knees slightly bent, and back straight. The player holds the ball to rest in the dominant hand's fingertips (the shooting arm) slightly above the head, with the other hand on the side of the ball. To aim the ball, the player's elbow should be aligned vertically, with the forearm facing in the direction of the basket. The ball is shot by bending and extending the knees and extending the shooting arm to become straight; the ball rolls off the finger tips while the wrist completes a full downward flex motion. When the shooting arm is stationary for a moment after the ball released, it is known as a follow-through; it is incorporated to maintain accuracy. Generally, the non-shooting arm is used only to guide the shot, not to power it.

Players often try to put a steady backspin on the ball to deaden its impact with the rim. The ideal trajectory of the shot is somewhat arguable, but generally coaches will profess proper arch. Most players shoot directly into the basket, but shooters may use the backboard to redirect the ball into the basket.

The two most common shots that use the above described set up are the set shot and the jump shot. The set shot is taken from a standing position, with neither foot leaving the floor, typically used for free throws. The jump shot is taken while in mid-air, near the top of the jump. This provides much greater power and range, and it also allows the player to elevate over the defender. Failure to release the ball before returning the feet to the ground is a traveling violation.

Another common shot is called the layup. This shot requires the player to be in motion toward the basket, and to "lay" the ball "up" and into the basket, typically off the backboard (the backboard-free, underhand version is called a finger roll). The most crowd-pleasing, and typically highest-percentage accuracy shot is the slam dunk, in which the player jumps very high, and throws the ball downward, straight through the hoop.

Another shot that is becoming common is the "circus shot". The circus shot is a low-percentage shot that is flipped, heaved, scooped, or flung toward the hoop while the shooter is off-balance, airborne, falling down, and/or facing away from the basket.

A shot that misses both the rim and the backboard completely is referred to as an air ball. A particularly bad shot, or one that only hits the backboard, is jocularly called a brick.

5c

Dribbling

Dribbling is the legal method of advancing the ball by oneself, as opposed to passing it to another player or shooting for the basket. It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously while walking or running down the court.

The original Naismith rules said nothing about dribbling, merely stating that passing the ball was the legal way of advancing it. Players soon developed the strategy of "passing to themselves", which James Naismith himself both endorsed and admired for its ingenuity, and which developed into the dribble as it is known today.

The dribble allows for much faster advancement and thus more opportunities for scoring. It also provides an opportunity for a crafty player on the opposing team to "steal" the ball in mid-bounce. Once a player stops dribbling the ball and holds it, the player normally must either pass it to another player or take a shot; if the player dribbles and then holds the ball in any way (either grasping it with his hands or arms, or "palming" it, i.e. holding it too much toward its underside during the act of dribbling), then the referee stops the play, signals either "double dribble" or "carrying", and turns the ball over to the other team.

Skilled ball handlers bounce the ball low to the ground, reducing the risk of a defender reaching in to steal the ball. Adept dribblers can dribble behind their backs, between their legs and change hands without watching the ball, making the player difficult to defend and opening up options to pass, shoot or drive with the ball.

5d

Passing

There are several passing techniques in basketball. Three are presented here.

Bounce Pass: The bounce pass is a very effective and fundamental type of passing technique. This pass is when the player passes the ball to a teammate by bouncing the ball off the floor with a large amount of energy. A successful bounce pass can easily result in an assist because a bounce pass is harder for defenders to intercept. At the same time, a bounce pass may still be intercepted due to its slower speed. Thus, a player is required to use his or her best judgment when he decides whether or not to throw such a pass. The move has to be executed perfectly because a bounce pass just in front of the defender will result in a turnover or a hard catch for the receiver of the pass.

Jump pass: A jump pass is a pass performed while the passing player's feet are off the floor. When done intentionally, it can sometimes confuse the defender, causing him to believe that the passer is shooting instead of passing. However, it at times is done as a result of the player having their shooting lane blocked and often leads to the player turning the ball over to the opposing team. This kind of pass is strongly discouraged in all levels of basketball, as it leaves the offensive player very vulnerable to turnovers.

Chest pass: This pass is performed best by stepping towards your target with one foot, then pushing the ball outwards from the chest with two hands while turning the hands over, ending with the thumbs pointing down. It is best used in the open court and on the perimeter.

6

Spend at least 4 hours helping a less skilled or younger player improve their skills.

This can be done by helping a younger sibling learn how to play basketball. If you don't have a younger sibling, help some younger children at school. You may also meet this requirement by teaching this honor.

7

Play at least 5 games with family or friends. Show good sportsmanship during your practice and games.

If you go to elementary school and have taken PE, you have more than likely played at least 5 basketball games. You may also play the 5 games with others that are learning this honor.

8

Write a one page report on a famous basketball player. Discuss why they are or are not a good Christian role model.

Some suggestions. Feel free to choose others:

9

Discuss with your Pathfinder leader, pastor or teacher the problems facing a Seventh-day Adventist youth considering sports in Jr. High, High School and college. What alternatives are there that allow for continued activity in sports.

The most obvious problem faced by a Seventh-day Adventist who wishes to participate in organized sports is the tendency for games to be scheduled during Sabbath hours. Competitive sports and Sabbath observance are often not compatible with one another. Another challenge at higher levels is pressure to take performance enhancing drugs (doping).

An alternative that avoids Sabbath breaking or drug pressure would be to participate with a group of like-minded individuals. Many towns offer city leagues, and it may be possible to form a team with other members of your church, with the understanding that you will not compete on the Sabbath. The Adventist athlete may also enjoy individual sports instead, or engage in informal pick-up games. A student choosing an Adventist University or College which offers team sports programs is unlikely to experience Sabbath difficulties.

As Christians we need to show Christ-like behavior on the field. Always play fair and be a good sport. Don't trash talk other teams or players. It is OK to try to win, but not in any way that degrades or sets a bad example.

10

Make a scale drawing of a basketball court properly laid out.

Basketball court

References

w:Basketball

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Two other uses|the sport|the ball used in the sport|Basketball (ball)}}
+{{HonorSubpage}}
-{{more references|date=August 2006}}
+<!--{{Honor_Master|honor=Basketball|master=Sportsman}}-->
-{{sprotected2}}
+<section begin="Body" />
-{{Sport
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
-| image                 = Jordan_by_Lipofsky_16577.jpg
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:39-->
-| imagesize             = 225px
+</noinclude>
-| caption               = [[Michael Jordan]] goes for a [[slam dunk]]
+<!-- 1. Know the basic rules of basketball. -->
-| union                 = FIBA
-| nickname              =
-| first                 = 1891, [[Springfield , Massachusetts]], ([[United States|USA]])
-| registered            =
-| clubs                 =
-| contact               = Contact
-| team                  = 12 to 15 (5 at a time)
-| mgender               = Single
-| category              = Indoor
-| ball                  = [[Basketball (ball)|Basketball]]
-| olympic               = 1936
-}}
-'''Basketball''' is a team [[sport]] in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a [[basketball (ball)|ball]] through a <span style="white-space:nowrap">10&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(3&nbsp;m)</span> high hoop (the ''goal'') under organized rules. Basketball is one of the most popular and widely viewed sports in the world.
+<!--T:2-->
+When James Naismith invented basketball, he devised thirteen rules:
-Points are scored by shooting the ball through the basket from above; the team with more points at the end of the game wins. The ball can be advanced on the court by bouncing it (''[[dribbling]]'') or passing it between teammates. Disruptive physical contact (''[[foul]]s'') is not permitted and there are restrictions on how the ball can be handled (''[[Basketball#Violations|violations]]'').
+<!--T:3-->
+The object of the game is to put the ball into your opponent's goal. This may be done by throwing the ball from any part of the grounds, with one or two hands, under the following conditions and rules.
+#The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
+#The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands.
+#A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, or dribble the ball with one hand whilst running, allowances to be made for a man who catches the ball when running if he tries to stop.
+#The ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it.
+#No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall come as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
+#A foul is striking the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as described in Rule 5.
+#If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).
+#A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. If the ball goes over the backboard, hits the side or the top of the backboard, then the ball is officially out of play.
+#When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person touching it. He has a right to hold it unmolested for five seconds. In case of a dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game the umpire shall call a foul on that side.
+#The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
+#The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
+#The time shall be two, fifteen minute halfs with a five minute break in between.
+#The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In the case of a draw the game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued for five minutes after another jump ball.
-Through time, basketball has developed to involve common techniques of shooting, passing and dribbling, as well as players' positions, and offensive and defensive structures. Typically, the tallest members of a team will play ''center'' while often the best ball handlers are ''guards''.  While competitive basketball is carefully regulated, numerous [[variations of basketball]] have developed for casual play. In some countries, basketball is also a popular spectator sport.
+<!--T:4-->
+The original game played under these rules was quite different than the one played today as there was no dribbling, dunking, three-pointers, or shot clock, and goal tending was legal.
-While competitive basketball is primarily an indoor sport, played on a [[basketball court]], less regulated variations have become exceedingly popular as an outdoor sport among both inner city and rural groups.
+<!--T:5-->
+Feel free to research more, like [[W:Rules_of_basketball|here]], [[W:Basketball|here]], [http://www.nba.com/analysis/rules_index.html NBA Rules], and [http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/baskBasi/p/openNodeIDs/926/selNodeID/926/basiRule.html FIBA Rules].
-==History==
+<!--T:40-->
-[[Image:Firstbasketball.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The first basketball court: Springfield College.]]In early December 1891, Dr. [[James Naismith]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/inventions/inventions.html|title=The Greatest Canadian Invention}}</ref> a [[Canada|Canadian]] physical education student and instructor at [[YMCA]] Training School<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20010419124201/www.hoophall.com/history/naismith_resume.htm|title=Hoop Hall History Page}}</ref> (today, [[Springfield College]]) in [[Springfield, Massachusetts]], [[United States|USA]], sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long [[New England]] winters to keep the students in shape. After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly suited to walled-in [[gymnasiums]], he wrote the basic [[rules of basketball|rules]] and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-foot (3.05&nbsp;m) elevated track. In contrast with modern basketball nets, this peach basket retained its bottom, and balls had to be retrieved manually after each "basket" or point scored, this proved inefficient, however, so a hole was drilled into the bottom of the basket, allowing the balls to be poked out with a long [[dowel]] each time.The peach baskets were used until 1906 when they were finally replaced by metal hoops with backboards. A further change was soon made, so the ball merely passed through, paving the way for the game we know today. A soccer ball was used to shoot goals. Whenever a person got the ball in the basket, they would give their team a point. Whichever team got the most points won the game.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naismithmuseum.com/naismith_drjamesnaismith/main_drjamesnaismith.htm|accessdate=2007-02-14|date=2007-02-14|title=James Naismith Biography}}</ref>
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
-Naismith's handwritten diaries, discovered by his granddaughter in early 2006, indicate that he was nervous about the new game he had invented, which incorporated rules from a children's game called "[[Duck on a Rock]]", as many had failed before it. Naismith called the new game 'Basket Ball'.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/nba/news/story?id=2660882|title=Newly found documents shed light on basketball's birth|accessdate=2007-01-11|date=2006-11-13|publisher=Associated Press|work=ESPN.com}}</ref>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:41-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 2. What is the meaning of “Good Sportsmanship?” -->
+Good conduct and attitude by sports participants, especially fair play, courtesy, striving spirit, and grace in losing.
-The first official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium on [[January 20]], [[1892]] with nine players and the game ended at 1-0 and the shot was made from 25 feet, on a court just half the size of a present-day [[Streetball]] or [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA) court. "Basket ball", the name suggested by one of Naismith's students, was popular from the beginning.By 1897-1898 teams of five became standard.
+<!--T:42-->
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+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
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+</noinclude>
+<!-- 3. Define the following terms: -->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3a}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:44-->
+</noinclude>
+Any shot that misses the basket completely and does not hit either the net, rim, or backboard.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3a -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3b}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:45-->
+</noinclude>
+That's the board behind the hoop/basket.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3b -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3c}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:46-->
+</noinclude>
+The area from the midcourt line to the end line for the team ''defending'' the basket.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3c -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3d}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:47-->
+</noinclude>
+The area from the midcourt line to the end line for the team ''that is trying to score'' the basket.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3d -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3e}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:48-->
+</noinclude>
+The end line on a basketball court.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3e -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3f}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:49-->
+</noinclude>
+To hinder (or obstruct) an opponent's action(s).
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3f -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3g}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:50-->
+</noinclude>
+The bounce pass is a fundamental passing technique. The player passes the ball to a teammate by bouncing the ball off the floor. A successful bounce pass can easily result in an assist because a bounce pass is harder for defenders to intercept.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3g -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3h}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:51-->
+</noinclude>
+A double dribble is a violation in which a player dribbles (bounces) the ball, clearly holds it with a combination of either one or two hands (while either moving or stationary), and then proceeds to dribble again without first either attempting a field goal or passing off to a teammate.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3h -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3i}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:52-->
+</noinclude>
+Dribbling is the legal method of advancing the ball by oneself, as opposed to passing it to another player or shooting for the basket. It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously while walking or running down the court.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3i -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3j}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:53-->
+</noinclude>
+To trick or deceive (an opponent).
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3j -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3k}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:54-->
+</noinclude>
+In a fast break, a team attempts to move the ball up court and into scoring position as quickly as possible, so that the defense is outnumbered and does not have time to set up.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3k -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3l}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:55-->
+</noinclude>
+Field goal is the term for any basket not made while attempting free throws
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3l -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3m}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:56-->
+</noinclude>
+If a player commits five personal fouls over the course of a game, they foul out and thus disqualified from participation for the remainder of the game. A player within one or two fouls of fouling out is often said to be in "foul trouble." Players who foul out are not ejected and may remain in the bench area for the remainder of the game. Fouling out of a game is not considered to be grounds for further disciplinary action.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3m -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3n}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:57-->
+</noinclude>
+A basic play in basketball which comes from the action - one player gives (passes) the ball to a teammate and then goes to the basket and anticipating a return pass for a layup.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3n -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3o}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:58-->
+</noinclude>
+The area of the court that is inside the end lines and the sidelines, or, the act of bringing (throwing) the ball into this area.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3o -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3p}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:59-->
+</noinclude>
+A personal foul which is judged to be premeditated.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3p -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3q}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:60-->
+</noinclude>
+A jump ball is a method used to begin or resume play in basketball. It is similar to a faceoff in ice hockey. Two opposing players attempt to gain control of the ball after it is tossed up into the air in between them by an official.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3q -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3r}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:61-->
+</noinclude>
+The ''free-throw lane'', the ''lane'', or, ''the paint''. This is the area that starts at the free throw line and extends to the end line under the backboard/basket.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3r -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3s}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:62-->
+</noinclude>
+A foul that takes place when neither team has possession of the basketball.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3s -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3t}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:63-->
+</noinclude>
+Man to man defense is a type of defensive tactic in which each player is assigned to defend and follow the movements of a single player on offense. Often, a player guards his counterpart (e.g. center guarding center), but a player may be assigned to guard a different position.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3t -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3u}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:64-->
+</noinclude>
+A type of free throw. A bonus free-throw situation for non-shooting fouls. The person fouled shoots one free throw, and if successful, takes another free throw.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3u -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3v}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:65-->
+</noinclude>
+The area outside the foul circle around the basket where players make long range shots.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3v -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3w}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:66-->
+</noinclude>
+A screen is a blocking move by an offensive player, by standing beside or behind a defender, to free a teammate to shoot, receive a pass, or drive in to score. In basketball, '''it is also known as a pick'''. Screens can be on-ball (when set for the ball-handler), or off-ball (when set for a teammate moving without the ball to get open for a pass). The two offensive players involved in setting the screen are known as the screener (who blocks the defender) and the cutter (who gets free from the defender).
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3w -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3x}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:67-->
+</noinclude>
+A defense that tries to force the opponent to make errors by guarding them closely.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3x -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3y}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:68-->
+</noinclude>
+The act of successfully gaining possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw. Rebounds in basketball are a major part in the game, as most possessions end after a missed shot. Rebounds are divided into two main categories===
+offensive rebounds, in which the ball is recovered by the offensive side and does not change possession, and defensive rebounds, in which the defending team gains possession of the loose ball.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3y -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3z}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:69-->
+</noinclude>
+The shot clock is a timer designed to increase the pace (and subsequently, the score) in games. The offensive team must attempt a field goal before the shot clock expires, and the ball must then either touch the rim or enter the basket, or the offensive team will be assessed a violation resulting in loss of possession.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3z -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3aa}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:70-->
+</noinclude>
+A steal occurs when the defensive player actively takes possession of the ball from the opponent's team
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3aa -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3bb}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:71-->
+</noinclude>
+A personal foul (by a player) that is also counted against the team.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3bb -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3cc}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:72-->
+</noinclude>
+A form of defense which attempts to create a turnover.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3cc -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3dd}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:73-->
+</noinclude>
+Traveling is a violation of the rules that occurs when a player holding the ball illegally moves one or both of his feet. Most commonly, a player travels by illegally moving his pivot foot or taking too many steps without dribbling the ball. Traveling is sometimes also called "walking" or "steps."
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3dd -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3ee}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:74-->
+</noinclude>
+A turnover in basketball occurs when a player from one team gives possession to a member of another team by losing the ball without taking a shot
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3ee -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3ff}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:75-->
+</noinclude>
+A type of defense used in sports which is the alternative to man-to-man defense=== instead of each player guarding a corresponding player on the other team, each defensive player is given an area, or a "zone", to cover.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3ff -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3gg}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:76-->
+</noinclude>
+The center is one of the standard positions in a regulation basketball game. The center is normally the tallest on the team, and often has a great deal of strength and body mass as well
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3gg -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3hh}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:77-->
+</noinclude>
+The '''Small forward''', or, colloquially, the three, is one of the five positions in a regulation basketball game. Small forwards are typically somewhat shorter, quicker, and leaner than power forwards and centers, but on occasion are just as tall. The small forward position is considered to be perhaps the most versatile of the main five basketball positions, due to the nature of its role. The '''Power forward''' is a position in the sport of basketball. The position is referred to in playbook terms as the four position. Power forwards play a role similar to that of center in what is called the "post" or "low blocks".
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3hh -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3ii}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:78-->
+</noinclude>
+The '''Shooting guard''', also known as the two or off guard, is one of five traditional positions on a basketball team. Players of the position are often shorter, leaner, and quicker than forwards. A shooting guard's main objective is to score points for their team. The '''Point guard''', also known as "the ball-handler," is one of the five traditional positions of a basketball team. Typically, being quicker and shorter than even a shooting guard, the more speed a point guard has, the more likely he/she will be able to create separation and space off the dribble, which allows the guard room to work.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3ii -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3jj}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:79-->
+</noinclude>
+A jump shot is an attempt to score a basket by jumping, usually straight up, and, mid-flight, propelling the ball in an arc into the basket. It is done so by the player bringing his or her elbow up until it is aligned with the hoop, then sent towards the hoop in a high arc. It is considered the easiest shot to make from a distance. The purpose of the jump is to make it more difficult for the defender to block.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3jj -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3kk}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:80-->
+</noinclude>
+A layup is a field goal attempt made by leaping from below, laying the ball up near the basket, and using one hand to tip the ball over the rim and into the basket (layin) or to bank it off the backboard and into the basket (layup). The motion and one-handed reach distinguish it from a jump shot. The layup is considered the most basic shot in basketball.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3kk -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3ll}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:81-->
+</noinclude>
+A bank shot is a shot that relies on the ball bouncing off backboard and into the basket. It is mostly used for mid-ranged jump shots from an angle (usually at the elbow) and layups.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3ll -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3mm}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:82-->
+</noinclude>
+A slam dunk (or simply a dunk) is a type of basketball shot that is performed when a player jumps in the air and manually powers the ball through the basket with one or both of his hands, then often grabs the rim shortly after the ball passes through the hoop (a dunk is still being performed if the rim is not grabbed, as long as the athlete powers the ball through the hoop manually).
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3mm -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3nn}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:83-->
+</noinclude>
+A hook shot, is a play in which the offensive player, usually turned perpendicular to the basket, gently throws the ball with a sweeping motion of his arm in an upward arc with a follow-through which ends over his head. Unlike the jump shot, it is shot with only one hand=== the other arm is often used to create space between the shooter and the defensive player. Once the ball is in shooting position, the hook shot is one of the most difficult shots to effectively defend. However, prior to that point, as the ball is being brought up into position, it is very susceptible to being stolen from behind.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3nn -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3oo}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:84-->
+</noinclude>
+Free throws or foul shots are unopposed attempts to score points from a restricted area on the court (the free throw line; informally known as the "charity stripe" or foul line), and are generally awarded after a foul by the opposing team.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3oo -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3pp}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:85-->
+</noinclude>
+A personal foul is a breach of the rules that concerns illegal personal contact with an opponent. It is the most common type of foul in basketball. Due to the nature of the game, personal fouls occur on occasions and are not always regarded as unsportsmanlike. However, a contact foul involving excessive or unjustified contact is classed as an unsportsmanlike foul.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3pp -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3qq}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:86-->
+</noinclude>
+An offensive foul, when the offensive player runs into a defender who has already established a position.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3qq -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3rr}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:87-->
+</noinclude>
+The use of a defender's body position to illegally prevent an opponent's advance.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3rr -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3ss}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:88-->
+</noinclude>
+A technical foul is an infraction of the rules usually concerning unsportsmanlike non-contact behavior, and is generally considered a more serious infraction than a personal foul, but not as serious as a flagrant foul.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3ss -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3tt}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:89-->
+</noinclude>
+The three seconds rule requires that a player shall not remain in the opponents' restricted area (that is, within the ''lane'', or area between the goal in the free throw line) for more than three consecutive seconds while his team is in control of a live ball in the frontcourt and the game clock is running.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3tt -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3uu}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:90-->
+</noinclude>
+The five-second rule, or five-second violation, is a rule that helps promote continuous play. There are multiple situations where a five-second violation may occur. In NCAA and NFHS rules, there are two situations in which a five-second violation may occur. One occurs when a player, while closely guarded, holds the ball for five seconds. A five-second throw-in violation occurs if, during a throw-in, the thrower does not release the ball before five seconds have elapses.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3uu -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3vv}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:91-->
+</noinclude>
+The offensive team has ten seconds to advance the basketball out of their back court past the mid-court line.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3vv -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3ww}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:92-->
+</noinclude>
+When the offensive team allows the basketball to go behind the mid-court line and touches it before an opponent.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3ww -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3xx}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:93-->
+</noinclude>
+Players have five seconds to inbound the ball, otherwise, it is an inbound violation.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3xx -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3yy}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:94-->
+</noinclude>
+A group of athletic teams to compete among themselves.
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3yy -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3zz}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:95-->
+</noinclude>
+A three-point field goal, three-pointer, three-point shot, or simply three is a field goal made from beyond the three point line, a designated semi-ellipsoid arc radiating from the basket.
-Women's basketball began in 1892 at [[Smith College]] when [[Senda Berenson]], a physical education teacher, modified Naismith's rules for women. Shortly after she was hired at Smith,she went to Naismith to learn more about the game. Fascinated by the new sport and the values it could teach, she organized the first women’s collegiate basketball game on March 21, 1893, when her Smith freshmen and sophomores played against one another. Her rules were first published in 1899 and two years later Berenson became the editor of A.G. Spalding’s first Women's Basketball Guide, which further spread her version of basketball for women.
+<!--T:96-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3zz -->
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:97-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 4. Demonstrate an understanding of the different skills required at each position. -->
+Although the rules do not specify any positions whatsoever, they have become a part of basketball. During the first five decades of basketball's development, one guard, two forwards, and two centers or two guards, two forwards, and one center were used. Since the 1980s, more specific positions have developed, namely:
-Basketball's early adherents were dispatched to YMCAs throughout the United States, and it quickly spread through the USA and Canada. By 1895, it was well established at several women's high schools. While the YMCA was responsible for initially developing and spreading the game, within a decade it discouraged the new sport, as rough play and rowdy crowds began to detract from the YMCA's primary mission. However, other amateur sports clubs, colleges, and professional clubs quickly filled the void. In the years before World War I, the [[Amateur Athletic Union]] and the [[Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States]] (forerunner of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]]) vied for control over the rules for the game. The first pro league, the National Basketball League, was formed in 1898 to protect players from exploitation and to promote a less rough game. This league only lasted 5 years.
+<!--T:9-->
+;Point guard: usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time.
+;Shooting guard: creates a high volume of shots on offense; guards the opponent's best perimeter player on defense.
+;Small forward: often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively.
+;Power forward: plays offensively often with his back to the basket; on defense, plays under the basket (in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defense).
+;Center: uses size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to rebound.
-By the 1950's basketball had become a major college sport, thus having the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball. In 1959 a basketball Hall of Fame was founded in Springfield, Massachusetts. Its rosters include the names of great players, coaches, referees and people who have contributed significantly to the development of the game.
+<!--T:10-->
+The above descriptions are flexible. On some occasions, teams will choose to use a three guard offense, replacing one of the forwards or the center with a third guard. The most commonly interchanged positions are point guard and shooting guard, especially if both players have good leadership and ball handling skills.
-Basketball was originally played with an [[football (soccer)|association football]] ball. The first balls made specifically for basketball were brown, and it was only in the late 1950s that [[Paul D. "Tony" Hinkle|Tony Hinkle]], searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is now in common use.  Dribbling was not part of the original game except for the "bounce pass" to teammates. Passing the ball was the primary means of ball movement. Dribbling was eventually introduced but limited by the asymmetric shape of early balls. Dribbling only became a major part of the game around the 1950s as manufacturing improved the ball shape.
+<!--T:98-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:99-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 5. Demonstrate reasonable skill in the following areas: -->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5a}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:100-->
+</noinclude>
+Each free throw is worth one point, and normally more than one is awarded. The importance of free throws is nevertheless sometimes underestimated; games have been known to be decided on them, especially when the score is close. Teams who could have sealed the game on free throws can finish with a narrow win or even a loss because of failure behind the line.
-Basketball, [[netball]], [[dodgeball]], [[volleyball]], and [[lacrosse]] are the only ball games which have been identified as being invented by North Americans. Other ball games, such as [[baseball]] and [[Canadian football]], have [[Commonwealth of Nations]], European, Asian or African connections. Although there is no direct evidence as yet that the idea of basketball came from the ancient [[Mesoamerican ballgame]], knowledge of that game had been available for at least 50 years prior to Naismith's creation in the writings of [[John Lloyd Stephens]] and [[Alexander von Humboldt]]. Stephen's works especially, which included drawings by [[Frederick Catherwood]], were available at most educational institutions in the 19th century and also had wide popular circulation.
+<!--T:12-->
+Free throws are organized in procession. The shooter takes his place behind the free throw line (19 feet from the base line, 15 feet from the basket). All other players must stand in their correct places until the ball leaves the shooter's hands:
-===College basketball and early leagues===
+<!--T:13-->
+Three people from the defensive team and two people from the shooting team line up along the sides of the restricted area (keyhole, paint, lane). These players are usually the ones that rebound the ball. Three line up on one side and two on the other. A defensive player always takes the place closest to the basket.
-Naismith was instrumental in establishing [[college basketball]]. Naismith coached at the [[University of Kansas]] for six years before handing the reins to renowned coach [[Forrest "Phog" Allen]]. Naismith's disciple [[Amos Alonzo Stagg]] brought basketball to the [[University of Chicago]], while [[Adolph Rupp]], a student of Naismith's at Kansas, enjoyed great success as coach at the [[University of Kentucky]]. In 1892, [[University of California]] and Miss Head's School, played the first women's inter-institutional game. Berenson's freshmen played the sophomore class in the first women's collegiate basketball game at [[Smith College]], [[March 21]], [[1893]]. The same year, [[Mount Holyoke]] and [[Sophie Newcomb College]] (coached by [[Clara Gregory Baer]]) women began playing basketball. By 1895, the game had spread to colleges across the country, including [[Wellesley College|Wellesley]], [[Vassar College|Vassar]] and [[Bryn Mawr College|Bryn Mawr]]. The first intercollegiate women's game was on [[April 4]], [[1896]]. [[Stanford Cardinal|Stanford]] women played [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]], 9-on-9, ending in a 2-1 Stanford victory. In 1901, colleges, including the [[University of Chicago]], [[Columbia University]], [[Dartmouth College]], [[University of Minnesota]], the [[U.S. Naval Academy]], the [[University of Utah]] and [[Yale University]] began sponsoring men's games. By 1910, frequent injuries on the men's courts prompted [[Theodore Roosevelt|President Roosevelt]] to suggest that college basketball form a governing body, resulting in the creation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS). In 1910, that body would change its name to the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] (NCAA).
+<!--T:14-->
+The remaining four players, two from each team, must remain behind the three point line and the free throw line extended (an imaginary line extended from the free throw line in both directions to the sidelines).
-The first [[Canadian]] interuniversity basketball game was played in [[Kingston, Ontario]] in December, 1902, when [[McGill University]] visited [[Queen's University]]; McGill won 10-6.
+<!--T:15-->
+Leaving their designated places before the ball leaves the shooter's hands, interfering with the ball, and (for the defensive team only) attempting to put off the shooter, are all violations. In addition, the shooter must release the ball within five seconds (ten in the NBA as well as all other levels of basketball in the United States) and must not step on or over the free throw line until the ball touches the ring. Contrary to popular belief, players are permitted to jump while attempting the free throw, provided they do not leave the designated area at any point. A violation by the shooter cancels the free throw; a violation by the defensive team results in a substitute free throw if the shooter missed; a violation by the offensive team or a shot that completely misses the ring results in the loss of possession to the defensive team (only if it is on the last free throw).
-Teams abounded throughout the 1920s. There were hundreds of men's [[professional basketball]] teams in towns and cities all over the United States and little organization of the professional game.  Players jumped from team to team and teams played in armories and smoky dance halls. Leagues came and went.  And barnstorming squads such as the [[Original Celtics]] and two all African American teams, the [[New York Renaissance|New York Renaissance Five]] ("Rens") and (still in existence [[as of 2006]]) the [[Harlem Globetrotters]] played up to two hundred games a year on their national tours.  [[Women's basketball]] was more structured.  In 1905, the National Women's Basketball Committee's ''Executive Committee on Basket Ball Rules'' was created by the [[American Physical Education Association]].  These rules called for six to nine players per team and 11 officials. The [[International Women's Sports Federation]] (1924) included a women's basketball competition. 37 women's high school varsity basketball or state tournaments were held by 1925.  And in 1926, the Amateur Athletic Union backed the first [[NAIA national women's basketball championship|national women's basketball championship]], complete with men's rules.  The first women's [[Amateur Athletic Union|AAU]] All-America team was chosen in 1929. Women's industrial leagues sprang up throughout the nation, producing famous athletes like [[Babe Didrikson]] of the [[Golden Cyclones]] and the [[All American Red Heads Team]] who competed against men's teams, using men's rules.  By 1938, the women's national championship changed from a three-court game to [[6 on 6 Basketball|two-court game with six players per team]].  The first men's national championship tournament, the National Association of Intercollegiate Basketball tournament, which still exists as the [[National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics]] (NAIA) [[NAIA national men's basketball championship|tournament]], was organized in 1937. The first national championship for NCAA teams, the [[National Invitation Tournament]] (NIT) in New York, was organized in 1938; the [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship|NCAA national tournament]] would begin one year later.
+<!--T:101-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5a -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5b}} <!--T:16-->
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:102-->
+</noinclude>
+Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball through the basket. While methods can vary with players and situations, the most common technique can be outlined here.
-College basketball was rocked by gambling scandals from 1948 to 1951, when dozens of players from top teams were implicated in [[match fixing]] and [[point shaving]]. Partially spurred by an association with cheating, the NIT lost support to the NCAA tournament.
+<!--T:17-->
+The player should be positioned facing the basket with feet about shoulder-width apart, knees slightly bent, and back straight. The player holds the ball to rest in the dominant hand's fingertips (the shooting arm) slightly above the head, with the other hand on the side of the ball. To aim the ball, the player's elbow should be aligned vertically, with the forearm facing in the direction of the basket. The ball is shot by bending and extending the knees and extending the shooting arm to become straight; the ball rolls off the finger tips while the wrist completes a full downward flex motion. When the shooting arm is stationary for a moment after the ball released, it is known as a follow-through; it is incorporated to maintain accuracy. Generally, the non-shooting arm is used only to guide the shot, not to power it.
-===U.S. high school basketball===
+<!--T:18-->
-Before widespread school district consolidation, most [[United States]] [[high school]]s were far smaller than their present day counterparts. During the first decades of the 20th century, basketball quickly became the ideal interscholastic sport due to its modest equipment and personnel requirements. In the days before widespread [[television]] coverage of professional and college sports, the popularity of high school basketball was unrivaled in many parts of America.
+Players often try to put a steady backspin on the ball to deaden its impact with the rim. The ideal trajectory of the shot is somewhat arguable, but generally coaches will profess proper arch. Most players shoot directly into the basket, but shooters may use the backboard to redirect the ball into the basket.
-Today virtually every high school in the United States fields a basketball team in [[Varsity team|varsity]] competition. Basketball's popularity remains high, both in rural areas where they carry the identification of the entire community, as well as at some larger schools known for their basketball teams where many players go on to participate at higher levels of competition after graduation. In the 2003&ndash;04 season, 1,002,797 boys and girls represented their schools in interscholastic basketball competition, according to the [[National Federation of State High School Associations]]. The states of [[Illinois]], [[Indiana]] and [[Kentucky]] are particularly well known for their residents' devotion to high school basketball, commonly called [[Hoosier Hysteria]] in Indiana; the critically acclaimed film ''[[Hoosiers]]'' shows high school basketball's depth of meaning to these rural communities.
+<!--T:19-->
+The two most common shots that use the above described set up are the set shot and the jump shot. The set shot is taken from a standing position, with neither foot leaving the floor, typically used for free throws. The jump shot is taken while in mid-air, near the top of the jump. This provides much greater power and range, and it also allows the player to elevate over the defender. Failure to release the ball before returning the feet to the ground is a traveling violation.
-===National Basketball Association===
+<!--T:20-->
+Another common shot is called the layup. This shot requires the player to be in motion toward the basket, and to "lay" the ball "up" and into the basket, typically off the backboard (the backboard-free, underhand version is called a finger roll). The most crowd-pleasing, and typically highest-percentage accuracy shot is the slam dunk, in which the player jumps very high, and throws the ball downward, straight through the hoop.
-{{main|National Basketball Association}}
+<!--T:21-->
+Another shot that is becoming common is the "circus shot". The circus shot is a low-percentage shot that is flipped, heaved, scooped, or flung toward the hoop while the shooter is off-balance, airborne, falling down, and/or facing away from the basket.
-In 1946, the Basketball Association of America (BAA) was formed, organizing the top professional teams and leading to greater popularity of the professional game. The first game was played in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between the [[Toronto Huskies]] and [[New York Knicks|New York Knickerbockers]] on [[November 1]], [[1946]].  Three seasons later, in 1949, the BAA became the [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA). An upstart organization, the [[American Basketball Association (1967-1976)|American Basketball Association]], emerged in 1967 and briefly threatened the NBA's dominance until the rival leagues merged in 1976. Today the NBA is the top professional basketball league in the world in terms of popularity, salaries, talent, and level of competition.
+<!--T:22-->
+A shot that misses both the rim and the backboard completely is referred to as an air ball. A particularly bad shot, or one that only hits the backboard, is jocularly called a brick.
-The NBA has featured many famous players, including [[George Mikan]], the first dominating "big man"; ball-handling wizard [[Bob Cousy]] and defensive genius [[Bill Russell]] of the [[Boston Celtics]]; [[Wilt Chamberlain]], who originally played for the barnstorming [[Harlem Globetrotters]]; all-around stars [[Oscar Robertson]] and [[Jerry West]]; more recent big men [[Kareem Abdul-Jabbar]] and [[Karl Malone]]; playmaker [[John Stockton]]; crowd-pleasing forward [[Julius Erving]]; European stars  [[Dirk Nowitzki]] and  [[Drazen Petrovic]] and the three players who many credit with ushering the professional game to its highest level of popularity: [[Larry Bird]], [[Magic Johnson|Earvin "Magic" Johnson]], and [[Michael Jordan]].
+<!--T:103-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5b -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5c}} <!--T:23-->
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:104-->
+</noinclude>
+Dribbling is the legal method of advancing the ball by oneself, as opposed to passing it to another player or shooting for the basket. It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously while walking or running down the court.
-The NBA-backed [[Women's National Basketball Association]] (WNBA) began  1997. Though it had an insecure opening season, several [[marquee player]]s ([[Sheryl Swoopes]], [[Lisa Leslie]] and [[Sue Bird]] among others) helped the league's popularity and level of competition.  Other [[women's professional sports|professional women's basketball]] leagues in the United States, such as the [[American Basketball League (1996-1998)]], have folded in part because of the popularity of the [[WNBA]].
+<!--T:24-->
+The original Naismith rules said nothing about dribbling, merely stating that passing the ball was the legal way of advancing it. Players soon developed the strategy of "passing to themselves", which James Naismith himself both endorsed and admired for its ingenuity, and which developed into the dribble as it is known today.
-In 2001, the NBA formed a developmental league, the [[NBA Development League|NBDL]]. The league currently has eight teams, but added seven more for the 2006-2007 season.
+<!--T:25-->
+The dribble allows for much faster advancement and thus more opportunities for scoring. It also provides an opportunity for a crafty player on the opposing team to "steal" the ball in mid-bounce. Once a player stops dribbling the ball and holds it, the player normally must either pass it to another player or take a shot; if the player dribbles and then holds the ball in any way (either grasping it with his hands or arms, or "palming" it, i.e. holding it too much toward its underside during the act of dribbling), then the referee stops the play, signals either "double dribble" or "carrying", and turns the ball over to the other team.
-===International basketball===
+<!--T:26-->
-[[Image:Munich 1972.jpg|thumb|210px|right|XX. Olympic games Munich 1972 [[Krešimir Ćosić]] of Yugoslavia (blue shirt) vs. [[Petr Novicky]] of Czechoslovakia]]
+Skilled ball handlers bounce the ball low to the ground, reducing the risk of a defender reaching in to steal the ball. Adept dribblers can dribble behind their backs, between their legs and change hands without watching the ball, making the player difficult to defend and opening up options to pass, shoot or drive with the ball.
-The [[International Basketball Federation]] was formed in 1932 by eight founding nations: [[Argentina]], [[Czechoslovakia]], [[Greece]], [[Italy]], [[Latvia]], [[Portugal]], [[Romania]] and [[Switzerland]]. At this time, the organization only oversaw amateur players. Its acronym, in French, was thus FIBA; the "A" standing for amateur.
-Basketball was first included in the [[Olympic Games]] in 1936, although a demonstration tournament was held in 1904. The United States defeated [[Canada]] in the first final, played outdoors. This competition has usually been dominated by the United States, whose team has won all but three titles, the first loss in a controversial final game in [[Munich]] in [[Basketball at the 1972 Summer Olympics|1972]] against the Soviet Union. In 1950 the first [[FIBA World Championship]] for men was held in [[Argentina]]. Three years later, the first [[FIBA World Championship for Women]] was held in [[Chile]]. Women's basketball was added to the Olympics in 1976, with teams such as the [[Soviet Union]], [[Brazil]] and [[Australia women's national basketball team|Australia]] rivaling the [[United States women's national basketball team|American]] squads.
+<!--T:105-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5c -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5d}} <!--T:27-->
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:106-->
+</noinclude>
+There are several passing techniques in basketball. Three are presented here.
+;Bounce Pass: The bounce pass is a very effective and fundamental type of passing technique. This pass is when the player passes the ball to a teammate by bouncing the ball off the floor with a large amount of energy. A successful bounce pass can easily result in an assist because a bounce pass is harder for defenders to intercept. At the same time, a bounce pass may still be intercepted due to its slower speed. Thus, a player is required to use his or her best judgment when he decides whether or not to throw such a pass. The move has to be executed perfectly because a bounce pass just in front of the defender will result in a turnover or a hard catch for the receiver of the pass.
-FIBA dropped the distinction between amateur and professional players in 1989, and in 1992, professional players played for the first time in the Olympic Games. The United States' dominance continued with the introduction of their [[United States men's national basketball team|Dream Team]]. However, with developing programs elsewhere, other national teams started to beat the United States. A team made entirely of NBA players finished sixth in the 2002 World Championships in [[Indianapolis, Indiana|Indianapolis]], behind [[Yugoslavia national basketball team|Yugoslavia]], [[Argentina national basketball team|Argentina]], [[Germany national basketball team|Germany]], [[New Zealand national basketball team|New Zealand]] and [[Spain national basketball team|Spain]]. In the [[2004 Summer Olympics|2004 Athens Olympics]], the United States suffered its first Olympic loss while using professional players, falling to [[Puerto Rico national basketball team|Puerto Rico]] (in a 19-point loss) and [[Lithuania national basketball team|Lithuania]] in group games, and being eliminated in the semifinals by [[Argentina national basketball team|Argentina]]. It eventually won the bronze medal defeating Lithuania, finishing behind Argentina and [[Italy national basketball team|Italy]].
+<!--T:28-->
+;Jump pass: A jump pass is a pass performed while the passing player's feet are off the floor. When done intentionally, it can sometimes confuse the defender, causing him to believe that the passer is shooting instead of passing. However, it at times is done as a result of the player having their shooting lane blocked and often leads to the player turning the ball over to the opposing team. This kind of pass is strongly discouraged in all levels of basketball, as it leaves the offensive player very vulnerable to turnovers.
-Worldwide, basketball tournaments are held for boys and girls of all age levels. The global popularity of the sport is reflected in the nationalities represented in the NBA. Players from all over the globe can be found in NBA teams. [[Chicago Bulls]] star forward [[Luol Deng]] is a [[Sudan]]ese refugee who settled in [[Great Britain]]; [[Steve Nash]], who won the 2005 and 2006 [[NBA Most Valuable Player Award|NBA MVP award]], is [[Canada|Canadian]]; [[Kobe Bryant]] is an [[United States|American]] who spent much of his childhood in [[Italy]]; [[Dallas Mavericks]] superstar and 2007 NBA MVP [[Dirk Nowitzki]] is [[Germany|German]]; All-Star [[Pau Gasol]] of the [[Los Angeles Lakers]] is from [[Spain]]; [[2005 NBA Draft]] top overall pick [[Andrew Bogut]] of the [[Milwaukee Bucks]] is [[Australia]]n; [[2006 NBA Draft]] top overall pick [[Andrea Bargnani]] of the [[Toronto Raptors]] is from [[Italy]]; [[Houston Rockets]] center [[Yao Ming]] is from [[People's Republic of China|China]]; [[Phoenix Suns]] guard [[Leandro Barbosa]] and [[Denver Nuggets]] forward [[Nenê]] are [[Brazil]]ian; [[Cleveland Cavaliers]] big man [[Zydrunas Ilgauskas]] is [[Lithuania]]n; and the [[San Antonio Spurs]] feature Tim Duncan of the [[United States Virgin Islands|U.S. Virgin Islands]], [[Manu Ginóbili|Manu Ginobili]] of [[Argentina]] (like [[Chicago Bulls]] player [[Andrés Nocioni]]) and [[Tony Parker]] of [[France]]. (Duncan competes for the United States internationally, as the Virgin Islands did not field a basketball team for international competition until well after Duncan started playing internationally, and all U.S. Virgin Islands natives are United States citizens by birth.)
+<!--T:29-->
+;Chest pass: This pass is performed best by stepping towards your target with one foot, then pushing the ball outwards from the chest with two hands while turning the hands over, ending with the thumbs pointing down. It is best used in the open court and on the perimeter.
-The all-tournament teams at the two most recent [[FIBA World Championship]]s, held in [[2002 FIBA World Championship|2002]] in [[Indianapolis, Indiana|Indianapolis]] and [[2006 FIBA World Championship|2006]] in [[Japan]], demonstrate the globalization of the game equally dramatically. Only one member of either team was American, namely [[Carmelo Anthony]] in 2006. The 2002 team featured Nowitzki, Ginobili, Yao, [[Predrag Stojaković|Peja Stojakovic]] of Yugoslavia (now of [[Serbia national basketball team|Serbia]]), and [[Pero Cameron]] of New Zealand. Ginobili also made the 2006 team; the other members were Anthony, Gasol, his [[Spain national basketball team|Spanish]] teammate [[Jorge Garbajosa]] and [[Theodoros Papaloukas]] of [[Greece national basketball team|Greece]]. The only players on either team to never have joined the NBA are Cameron and Papaloukas.
+<!--T:107-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5d -->
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:108-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 6. Spend at least 4 hours helping a less skilled or younger player improve their skills. -->
+This can be done by helping a younger sibling learn how to play basketball. If you don't have a younger sibling, help some younger children at school. You may also meet this requirement by teaching this honor.
-==Rules and regulations==
+<!--T:109-->
-{{main|Rules of basketball}}
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
-<!-- Please do be careful not to include too much detail when editing this section; see talk page for more info. -->
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:110-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 7. Play at least 5 games with family or friends. Show good sportsmanship during your practice and games. -->
+If you go to elementary school and have taken PE, you have more than likely played at least 5 basketball games. You may also play the 5 games with others that are learning this honor.
-Measurements and time limits discussed in this section often vary among tournaments and organizations; international and NBA rules are used in this section.
+<!--T:111-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:112-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 8. Write a one page report on a famous basketball player. Discuss why they are or are not a good Christian role model. -->
+Some suggestions. Feel free to choose others:
-The object of the game is to outscore one's opponents by throwing the ball through the opponents' basket from above while preventing the opponents from doing so on their own. An attempt to score in this way is called a [[shot]].  A successful shot is worth two points, or [[three-point field goal|three points]] if it is taken from beyond the three-point arc which is 6.25 meters (20 ft 6 in) from the basket in international games and 23 ft 9 in (7.24 m) in NBA games.
+<!--T:33-->
+* [[W:Senda Berenson|Senda Berenson]]
+* [[w:James Naismith|James Naismith]]
-===Playing regulations===
+<!--T:113-->
-<!-- Please be careful not to include too much detail when editing this section; see talk page for more info. -->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
-Games are played in four quarters of 10 (international) or 12 minutes (NBA).  College games use two  20 minute halves while most high school games use eight minute quarters. Fifteen minutes are allowed for a half-time break, and two minutes are allowed at the other breaks. [[Overtime (sports)#Basketball|Overtime]] periods are five minutes long. Teams exchange baskets for the second half.  The time allowed is actual playing time; the clock is stopped while the play is not active. Therefore, games generally take much longer to complete than the allotted game time, typically about two hours.
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=9}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:114-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 9. Discuss with your Pathfinder leader, pastor or teacher the problems facing a Seventh-day Adventist youth considering sports in Jr. High, High School and college. What alternatives are there that allow for continued activity in sports. -->
+{{:AY Honors/Problems faced by SDA sports participants}}
-Five players from each team (out of a twelve player roster) may be on the court at one time. Substitutions are unlimited but can only be done when play is stopped.  Teams also have a [[coach (sport)|coach]], who oversees the development and strategies of the team, and other team personnel such as assistant coaches, managers, statisticians, doctors and trainers.
+<!--T:115-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 9 -->
+{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10}}
+<noinclude><translate><!--T:116-->
+</noinclude>
+<!-- 10. Make a scale drawing of a basketball court properly laid out. -->
+[[Image:Basketball court metric en.svg|thumb|center|600px|Basketball court]]
+{{clear}}
-For both men's and women's teams, a standard uniform consists of a pair of shorts and a [[jersey (clothing)|jersey]] with a clearly visible number, unique within the team, printed on both the front and back. Players wear [[high-top]] sneakers that provide extra ankle support.  Typically, team names, players' names and, outside of North America, sponsors are printed on the uniforms.
+<!--T:117-->
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
-A limited number of time-outs, clock stoppages requested by a coach for a short meeting with the players, are allowed. They generally last no longer than one minute unless, for televised games, a commercial break is needed.
+{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10 -->
+<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
-The game is controlled by the officials consisting of the referee ("crew chief" in men's college and the NBA), one or two umpires ("referees" in men's college and the NBA) and the table officials. For college, the NBA, and many high schools, there are a total of three referees on the court.  The table officials are responsible for keeping track of each teams scoring, timekeeping, individual and team [[personal foul|fouls]], player substitutions, team [[possession arrow]], and the [[shot clock]].
+==References== <!--T:36-->
+*[[w:Basketball]]
-===Equipment===
+<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
-<!-- Please be careful not to include too much detail when editing this section; see talk page for more info. -->
+{{CloseHonorPage}}
-[[Image:Basketball.png|thumb|Traditional eight-panel basketball|left]]
-[[Image:basketball court dimensions.png|thumb|250px|A diagram of a [[International Basketball Federation|FIBA]] basketball court.]]
-The only essential equipment in basketball is the basketball and the court: a flat, rectangular surface with baskets at opposite ends.  Competitive levels require the use of more equipment such as clocks, scoresheets, scoreboard(s), alternating possession arrows, and whistle-operated stop-clock systems.
-A regulation [[basketball court]] in international games is 28 by 15 meters (approx. 92 by 49 ft) and in the NBA is 94 by 50 feet (29 by 15 m). Most courts are made of wood. A steel basket with net and backboard hang over each end of the court.  At almost all levels of competition, the top of the rim is exactly 10 feet (3.05 m) above the court and 4 feet (1.2 m) inside the baseline.  While variation is possible in the dimensions of the court and backboard, it is considered important for the basket to be of the correct height; a rim that is off by but a few inches can have an adverse effect on shooting.
-===Violations===
-<!-- Please be careful not to include too much detail when editing this section; see talk page for more info. -->
-The ball may be advanced toward the basket by being shot, passed between players, thrown, tapped, rolled or dribbled (bouncing the ball while running).
-The ball must stay within the court; the last team to touch the ball before it travels out of bounds forfeits possession.  The ball-handler may not move both feet without dribbling, known as [[traveling (basketball)|traveling]], nor may he dribble with both hands or catch the ball in between dribbles, a violation called [[double dribble|double dribbling]].  A player's hand cannot be under the ball while dribbling; doing so is known as [[carrying|carrying the ball]].  A team, once having established ball control in the front half of the court, may not return the ball to the backcourt. The ball may not be kicked nor struck with the fist.  A violation of these rules results in loss of possession, or, if committed by the defense, a reset of the [[shot clock]].
-There are limits imposed on the time taken before progressing the ball past halfway (8 seconds in international and NBA; 10 seconds in NCAA and high school), before attempting a shot (24 seconds in the NBA; 35 seconds in NCAA), holding the ball while closely guarded (5 seconds), and remaining in the restricted area (the lane, or "[[key (basketball)|key]]") (3 seconds).  These rules are designed to promote more offense.
-No player may interfere with the basket or ball on its downward flight to the basket, or while it is on the rim (or, in the NBA, while it is directly above the basket), a violation known as ''goaltending.''  If a defensive player goaltends, the attempted shot is considered to have been successful.  If a teammate of the shooter goaltends, the basket is cancelled and play continues with the defensive team being given possession.
-===Fouls===
-<!-- Please be careful not to include too much detail when editing this section; see talk page for more info. -->
-:''Main articles: [[Personal foul]], [[Technical foul]]''
-[[Image:Basketball foul.jpg|thumb|left|The referee signals that a foul has been committed.]]
-An attempt to unfairly disadvantage an opponent through physical contact is illegal and is called a foul. These are most commonly committed by defensive players; however, they can be committed by offensive players as well. Players who are fouled either receive the ball to pass inbounds again, or receive one or more [[free throw]]s if they are fouled in the act of shooting, depending on whether the shot was successful. One point is awarded for making a free throw, which is attempted from a line 15 feet (4.5 m) from the basket.
-The referee may use discretion in calling fouls (for example, by considering whether an unfair advantage was gained), sometimes making fouls controversial calls. The calling of fouls can vary between games, leagues and even between referees.
-A player or coach who shows poor sportsmanship, for instance, by arguing with a referee or by fighting with another player, can be charged with a more serious foul called a [[technical foul]].  The penalty involves free throws (which unlike a personal foul, the other team can ''choose'' who they want to shoot the free throws) and varies between leagues.  Repeated incidents can result in [[ejection (sports)|disqualification]].  Blatant fouls with excessive contact or that are not an attempt to play the ball are called unsportsmanlike fouls (or flagrant fouls in the NBA) and typically will result in ejection.
-If a team surpasses a preset limit of team fouls in a given period (quarter or half) – four for NBA and international games – the opposing team is awarded one or two free throws on all subsequent fouls for that period, the number depending on the league.  In the US college game if a team surpasses 7 fouls in the half the opposing team is awarded a one-and-one free throw (make the first you have a chance at a second).  If a team surpasses 10 fouls in the half the opposing team is awarded two free throws on all subsequent fouls for the half.  A player who commits five fouls, including technical fouls, in one game (six in some professional leagues, including the NBA) is not allowed to participate for the rest of the game, and is described as having "fouled out".
-After a team has committed a specified number of fouls, it is said to be "in the penalty".
-On scoreboards, this is usually signified with an indicator light reading "Bonus" or "Penalty"
-with an illuminated directional arrow indicating that team is to receive free throws when fouled by the opposing team.  (Some scoreboards also indicate the number of fouls committed.)
-The number of free throws awarded increases with the number of fouls committed.  Initially, one shot is awarded, but after a certain number of additional fouls are committed the opposing team may receive (a) one shot with a chance for a second shot if the first shot is made, called shooting "one-and-one", or (b) two shots.  If a team misses the first shot (or "front end") of a one-and-one situation, the opposing team may reclaim possession of the ball and continue play.  If a team misses the first shot of a two-shot situation, the opposing team must wait for the completion of the second shot before attempting to reclaim possession of the ball and continuing play.
-If a player is fouled while attempting a shot and the shot is unsuccessful, the player is
-awarded a number of free throws equal to the value of the attempted shot.  A player fouled
-while attempting a regular two-point shot, then, receives two shots.  A player fouled
-while attempting a three-point shot, on the other hand, receives three shots.
-If a player is fouled while attempting a shot and the shot is successful, typically the player
-will be awarded one additional free throw for one point.  In combination with a regular
-shot, this is called a "three-point play" because of the basket made at the time of the foul
-(2 points) and the additional free throw (1 point).  Four-point plays, while rare, can
-also occur.
-==Common techniques and practices==
-===Positions and structures===
-[[Image:Basketball positions.svg|thumb|250px|Basketball positions in the offensive zone]]
-Although the rules do not specify any [[basketball position|positions]] whatsoever, they have evolved as part of basketball.  During the first five decades of basketball's evolution, one guard, two forwards, and two centers or two guards, two forwards, and one center were used. Since the 1980s, more specific positions have evolved, namely:
-# [[point guard]]: usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time
-# [[shooting guard]]: creates a high volume of shots on offense; guards the opponent's best perimeter player on defense
-# [[small forward]]: often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively
-# [[Power forward (basketball)|power forward]]: plays offensively often with his back to the basket; on defense, plays under the basket (in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
-# [[Center (basketball)|center]]: uses size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to rebound.
-The above descriptions are flexible.  On some occasions, teams will choose to use a ''three guard offense'', replacing one of the forwards or the center with a third guard. The most commonly interchanged positions are point guard and shooting guard, especially if both players have good leadership and ball handling skills.
-There are two main defensive strategies: ''zone defense'' and ''man-to-man defense''. [[Zone defense]] involves players in defensive positions guarding whichever opponent is in their zone. In [[man-to-man defense]], each defensive player guards a specific opponent and tries to prevent him from taking action.
-Offensive plays are more varied, normally involving planned passes and movement by players without the ball.  A quick movement by an offensive player without the ball to gain an advantageous position is a ''cut''.  A legal attempt by an offensive player to stop an opponent from guarding a teammate, by standing in the defender's way such that the teammate cuts next to him, is a ''screen'' or ''pick''.  The two plays are combined in the ''[[pick and roll]]'', in which a player sets a pick and then "rolls" away from the pick towards the basket.  Screens and cuts are very important in offensive plays; these allow the quick passes and teamwork which can lead to a successful basket.  Teams almost always have several offensive plays planned to ensure their movement is not predictable.  On court, the point guard is usually responsible for indicating which play will occur.
-Defensive and offensive structures, and positions, are more emphasized in higher levels in basketball; it is these that a coach normally requests a time-out to discuss.
-===Shooting===
-[[Image:Basketball shot.jpg|thumb|200px|Player releases a short jump shot, while her defender is either knocked down, or trying to "take a charge."]]
-Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball through the basket.  While methods can vary with players and situations, the most common technique can be outlined here.
-The player should be positioned facing the basket with feet about shoulder-width apart, knees slightly bent, and back straight. The player holds the ball to rest in the dominant hand's fingertips (the shooting arm) slightly above the head, with the other hand on the side of the ball.  To aim the ball, the player's elbow should be aligned vertically, with the forearm facing in the direction of the basket. The ball is shot by bending and extending the knees and extending the shooting arm to become straight; the ball rolls off the finger tips while the wrist completes a full downward flex motion. When the shooting arm is stationary for a moment after the ball released, it is known as a follow-through; it is incorporated to maintain accuracy.  Generally, the non-shooting arm is used only to guide the shot, not to power it.
-Players often try to put a steady backspin on the ball to deaden its impact with the rim.  The ideal trajectory of the shot is somewhat arguable, but generally coaches will profess proper arch.  Most players shoot directly into the basket, but shooters  may use the backboard to redirect the ball into the basket.
-The two most common shots that use the above described set up are the ''set shot'' and the ''[[Jump shot (basketball)|jump shot]]''.  The set shot is taken from a standing position, with neither foot leaving the floor, typically used for free throws.  The jump shot is taken while in mid-air, near the top of the jump.  This provides much greater power and range, and it also allows the player to elevate over the defender. Failure to release the ball before returning the feet to the ground is a traveling violation.
-Another common shot is called the ''[[layup]]''. This shot requires the player to be in motion toward the basket, and to "lay" the ball "up" and into the basket, typically off the  backboard (the backboard-free, underhand version is called a ''finger roll'').  The most crowd-pleasing, and typically highest-percentage accuracy shot is the ''[[slam dunk]]'', in which the player jumps very high, and throws the ball downward, straight through the hoop.
-Another shot that is becoming common is the "circus shot". The circus shot is a low-percentage shot that is flipped, heaved, scooped, or flung toward the hoop while the shooter is off-balance, airborne, falling down, and/or facing away from the basket.
-A shot that misses both the rim and the backboard completely is referred to as an [[air ball]]. A particularly bad shot, or one that only hits the backboard, is jocularly called a [[brick (basketball)|brick]].
-===Rebounding===
-{{main|Rebound (basketball)}}
-<!-- There should be at least a paragraph or two here, in addition to the main article link. -->
-The objective of rebounding is to successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard. This plays a major role in the game, as most possessions end when a team misses a shot. There are two categories of rebounds: offensive rebounds, in which the ball is recovered by the offensive side and does not change possession, and defensive rebounds, in which the defending team gains possession of the loose ball. The majority of rebounds are defensive, as the team on defense tends to be in better position to recover missed shots.
-===Passing===
-<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:172808 480 art R0.jpg|thumb|left|220px|[[Carlos Arroyo]] shown here with the [[Utah Jazz]], left, passes to a teammate.{{speedy-image-c|[[2006-10-16]]}} ]] -->
-{{seealso|Assist (basketball)}}
-A pass is a method of moving the ball between players. Most passes are accompanied by a step forward to increase power and are followed through with the hands to ensure accuracy.
-A staple pass is the ''chest pass''. The ball is passed directly from the passer's chest to the receiver's chest. A proper chest pass involves an outward snap of the thumbs to add velocity and leaves the defense little time to react.
-Another type of pass is the ''bounce pass''. Here, the passer bounces the ball crisply about two-thirds of the way from his own chest to the receiver.  The ball strikes the court and bounces up toward the receiver.   The bounce pass takes longer to complete than the chest pass, but it is also harder for the opposing team to intercept (kicking the ball deliberately is a violation). Thus, players often use the bounce pass in crowded moments, or to pass around a defender.
-The ''overhead pass'' is used to pass the ball over a defender.  The ball is released while over the passer's head.
-The ''outlet pass'' occurs after a team gets a defensive rebound.  The next pass after the rebound is the ''outlet pass''.
-The crucial aspect of any good pass is being impossible to intercept.  Good passers can pass the ball with great accuracy and touch and know exactly where each of their teammates like to receive the ball. A special way of doing this is passing the ball without looking at the receiving teammate. This is called a ''no-look pass''.
-Another advanced style of passing is the ''behind-the-back pass'' which, as the description implies, involves throwing the ball behind the passer's back to a teammate. Although some players can perform them effectively, many coaches discourage no-look or behind-the-back passes, believing them to be fundamentally unsound, difficult to control, and more likely to result in turnovers or violations.
-===Dribbling===
-[[Image:Basketball game.jpg|thumb|right|210px|A U.S. Naval Academy ("Navy") player, left, posts up a U.S. Military Academy ("Army") defender]]
-{{main|Dribble}}
-Dribbling is the act of bouncing the ball continuously, and is a requirement for a player to take steps with the ball. To dribble, a player pushes the ball down towards the ground rather than patting it; this ensures greater control.
-When dribbling past an opponent, the dribbler should dribble with the hand farthest from the opponent, making it more difficult for the defensive player to get to the ball. It is therefore important for a player to be able to dribble competently with both hands.
-Good dribblers (or "ball handlers") tend to bounce the ball low to the ground, reducing the travel from the floor to the hand, making it more difficult for the defender to "steal" the ball.  Additionally, good ball handlers frequently dribble behind their backs, between their legs, and change hands and directions of the dribble frequently, making a less predictable dribbling pattern that is more difficult to defend, this is called a crossover which is the most effective way to pass defenders while dribbling.
-A skilled player can dribble without watching the ball, using the dribbling motion or [[peripheral vision]] to keep track of the ball's location. By not having to focus on the ball, a player can look for teammates or scoring opportunities, as well as avoid the danger of someone stealing the ball from him/her.
-===Blocking===
-A block is performed when, after a shot is attempted, a defender attempts to alter the shot by touching the ball. In almost all variants of play, it is illegal to touch the ball after it is in the downward part of its arc; this is known as ''goaltending''. It is also illegal to block a shot after it has touched the backboard, or when any part of the ball is directly above the rim.
-To block a shot, a player has to be able to reach a point higher than where the shot is released. Thus, height can be an advantage in blocking. Players at the taller power forward or center positions generally record more blocks than players at the shorter guard positions. However, with good timing and sufficient vertical leap, even shorter players can be effective at blocking shots.
-==Height==
-At the professional level, most male players are above 1.90 meters (6 ft 3 in) and most women above 1.70 meters (5 ft  7 in).  Guards, for whom physical coordination and ball-handling skills are crucial, tend to be the smallest players. Almost all forwards in the men's pro leagues are 2 meters (6 ft 6 in) or taller. Most centers are over 2.1 meters (6 ft 10 in) tall. According to a survey given to all NBA teams, the average height of all NBA players is just under 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m), with the average weight being close to 222 lb (101 kg). The tallest players ever in the NBA were [[Manute Bol]] and [[Gheorghe Mureşan]], who were both 2.31 m (7 ft 7 in) tall. The tallest current NBA player is [[Yao Ming]], who stands at 2.29 m (7 ft 6 in).
-The shortest player ever to play in the NBA is [[Muggsy Bogues]] at 1.60 meters (5 ft 3 in).  Other short players have thrived at the pro level.  [[Spud Webb|Anthony "Spud" Webb]] was just 5 feet 7 inches (1.70 m) tall, but had a 42-inch (1.07 m) vertical leap, giving him significant height when jumping.  The shortest player in the NBA as of the 06-07 season is [[Earl Boykins]] at 5 feet 5 inches (1.65 m). While shorter players are often not very good at defending against shooting, their ability to navigate quickly through crowded areas of the court and steal the ball by reaching low are strengths.
-==Variations and similar games==
-{{main|Variations of basketball}}
-'''Variations of basketball''' are activities based on the game of basketball, using common basketball skills and equipment (primarily the ball and basket). Some variations are only superficial rules changes, while others are distinct games with varying degrees of basketball influences.  Other variations include children's games, contests or activities meant to help players reinforce skills.
-[[Wheelchair basketball]] is played on specially designed wheelchairs for the physically impaired. The world governing body of wheelchair basketball is the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation<ref>[http://www.iwbf.org/ Welcome to the IWBF website!<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> (IWBF). [[Water basketball]], played in a swimming pool, merges basketball and water polo rules. [[Beach basketball]] is played in a circular court with no backboard on the goal, no out-of-bounds rule with the ball movement to be done via passes or 2 1/2 steps, as dribbling is next to impossible on a soft surface.<ref>[http://www.beachbasketball.com] Beachbasketball.com web site</ref>
-There are many variations as well played in informal settings without referees or strict rules. Perhaps the single most common variation is the ''half court'' game. Only one basket is used, and the ball must be "cleared" - passed or dribbled outside the half-court or three-point line - each time possession of the ball changes from one team to the other. Half-court games require less [[cardiovascular]] stamina, since players need not run back and forth a full court.  Half-court games also raise the number of players that can use a court, an important benefit when many players want to play.
-A popular version of the half-court game is 21.  Two-point shots count as two points and shots from behind the three-point line count three.  A player who makes a basket is awarded up to three extra free throws (or unlimited if you are playing "all day"), worth the usual one point.  When a shot is missed, if one of the other players tips the ball in with two while it is in the air, the score of the player who missed the shot goes back to zero, or if they have surpassed 13, their score goes back to 13.  This is called a "tip".  If a missed shot is "tipped" in, but the player who tips it in only uses one hand, then the player who shot it is out of the game and has to catch an air ball to get back in.  The first player to reach exactly 21 points wins.  If they go over, their score goes back to 13.
-Other variations include [[streetball]], knockout, and one-on-one; a variation in which two players will use only a small section of the court (often no more than a half of a court) and compete to play the ball into a single hoop. Such games tend to emphasize individual dribbling and ball stealing skills over shooting and team play.
-==References==
-{{reflist}}
-<div class="references-small">
-*{{cite web
- | author=National Basketball Association
- | year=2001
- | url=http://www.nba.com/analysis/rules_index.html
- | title=Official Rules of the National Basketball Association
- | accessmonthday=July 16
- | accessyear=2004
- }}
-*{{cite book
- | year = 2004
- | month = June
- | title = Official Basketball Rules
- | author = International Basketball Federation
- | url = http://www.fiba.com/asp_includes/download.asp?file_id=327
-}}
-*{{cite journal
- | first = Anthony
- | last = Reimer
- | year = 2005
- | month = June
- | title = FIBA vs North American Rules Comparison
- | journal = FIBA Assist
- | issue = 14
- | pages = 40&ndash;44
- | url = http://www.fiba.com/asp_includes/download.asp?file_id=518
- }}
-*{{cite web
- | author=Bonsor, Kevin
- | url=http://health.howstuffworks.com/basketball2.htm
- | title=How Basketball Works: Who's Who
- | work=HowStuffWorks
- | publisher=
- | accessmonthday=January 11
- | accessyear=2006
- }}
-</div>
-==See also==
-*[[Basketball moves]]
-*[[Basketball position]]
-*[[Basketball at the Summer Olympics]]
-*[[International Basketball Federation]]
-*[[Continental Basketball Association]]
-*[[National Basketball Association]]
-*[[Philippine Basketball Association]]
-*[[FIBA World Championship]]
-*[[FIBA World Championship for Women]]
-*[[Wheelchair basketball]]
-==External links==
-{{portal|Basketball|Basketball.png}}
-{{sisterlinks}}
-<!-- Please be selective when adding links, see talk page for more info. -->
-===Historical===
-* [http://www.naismithmuseum.com/ Naismith Museum & Basketball Hall of Fame - Almonte, ON]
-* [http://www.hoophall.com/ Basketball Hall of Fame - Springfield, MA]
-* [http://hoopedia.nba.com/index.php/Main_Page Hoopedia - The Basketball Wiki (hosted by the NBA)]
-===Organizations===
-* [http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/programme/index_uk.asp?SportCode=BK Basketball at the Olympic Games]
-* [http://www.fiba.com International Basketball Federation]
-* [http://www.nba.com National Basketball Association]
-* [http://www.wnba.com/ Women's National Basketball Association]
-* [http://www.cbahoopsonline.com Continental Basketball Association (oldest league in the world)]
-===Other===
-* {{dmoz|Sports/Basketball|Basketball}}
-* {{yahoo directory|Recreation/Sports/Basketball/|Basketball}}
-* [http://www.basketball-reference.com Basketball-Reference.com: Basketball Statistics, Analysis and History]
-* [http://www.ontarioplaques.com/Plaques_JKL/Plaque_Lanark03.html Ontario historical plaque - Dr. James Naismith]
-* [http://www.jimwegryn.com/Names/BasketballTeams.htm Historical List of American Professional Basketball Teams]
-{{fb start}}
-{{International basketball}}
-{{Prohoops}}
-{{fb end}}
-{{Team Sport}}
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-[[nn:Korgball]]
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-[[pt:Basquetebol]]
-[[ro:Baschet]]
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-[[ru:Баскетбол]]
-[[sm:Pasiketipolo]]
-[[sa:शिक्यकन्दुक]]
-[[sq:Basketbolli]]
-[[scn:Palla a canistru]]
-[[simple:Basketball]]
-[[sk:Basketbal]]
-[[sl:Košarka]]
-[[sr:Кошарка]]
-[[sh:Košarka]]
-[[fi:Koripallo]]
-[[sv:Basket]]
-[[tl:Basketbol]]
-[[ta:கூடைப்பந்து]]
-[[th:บาสเกตบอล]]
-[[vi:Bóng rổ]]
-[[tr:Basketbol]]
-[[uk:Баскетбол]]
-[[vec:Bałacanestro]]
-[[vls:Basket]]
-[[yi:באסקעטבאל]]
-[[diq:Basketbol]]
-[[bat-smg:Krepšėnis]]
-[[zh:篮球]]

Basketball
Recreation

Skill Level 123
Approval authority General Conference	Year of Introduction 1999
See also Sportsman Master Award