Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Bats - Advanced/Answer Key"

From Pathfinder Wiki
< AY Honors‎ | Bats - AdvancedAY Honors/Bats - Advanced/Answer Key
m
 
(61 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
= Bats, Advanced =
+
{{HonorSubpage}}
Skill Level 2
+
<section begin="Body" />
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:20-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 1. Earn the Bats honor. -->
 +
{{honor_prerequisite|honor=Bats}}
  
== 1. Earn the Bats Honor. ==
+
<!--T:21-->
Answers to the [[Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Nature/Bats|Bats]] Honor can be found in the [[Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Nature|Nature]] chapter of this book.
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:22-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 2. What are caves, attics, bridges, or tunnels where bats hibernate called? -->
 +
These places where bats sleep during the day or hibernate during the winter are called ''roosts''.
  
== 2. What are caves, attics, bridges, or tunnels where bats hibernate called? ==
+
<!--T:23-->
Roosts
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:24-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 3. Give three (3) examples of colonizing bats. -->
 +
<gallery perrow=3>
 +
File:Tadarida brasiliensis.jpg|Mexican free-tailed bat (''Tadarida brasiliensis'')
 +
File:Little Brown Bat FWS.jpg|Little brown bat (''Myotis lucifugus'')
 +
File:Big brown bat.jpg|Big Brown Bat (''Eptesicus fuscus'')
 +
File:Nycticeius humeralis Evening bat.JPG|Evening Bat (''Nycticeius humeralis'')
 +
File:Leptonycteris nivalis.jpg|Mexican Long-nosed bats (''Leptonycteris spp.'')
 +
File:Antrozous pallidus.jpg|Pallid bat (''Antrozous pallidus'')
 +
</gallery>
 +
Other examples of colonizing bats include Rafinesque's big-eared bat (''Corynorhinus rafinesquii'') and the southeastern myotis (''Myotis austroriparius''), which are not pictured.
  
== 3. Give three (3) examples of colonizing bats. ==
+
<!--T:25-->
Brazilian Free-tailed Bat; Big Brown Bat; Little Brown Bat; Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat ;
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
Southeastern Myotis; Evening Bat; Mexican Long-nosed bat; Pallid bat;
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
Pictures of these bats can be found at http://www.enature.com
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:26-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 4. Give three (3) examples of solitary roosting bats. -->
 +
<gallery>
 +
File:C-red-bat.jpg|Eastern Red Bat
 +
File:Lasiurus blossevillii2.jpg|Western Red Bat
 +
File:Lasionycteris noctivagans1.jpg|Silver-haired Bat
 +
File:Hoary bat.jpg|Hoary Bat
 +
</gallery>
  
== 4. Give three (3) examples of solitary roosting bats. ==
+
<!--T:6-->
Spotted Bat (rare); Red Bat; Silver-haired Bat; Hoary Bat; Western Red Bat. More information can be found at http://www.xpressweb.com/~talon/BatsinAz/furred.html
+
More information can be found at http://www.xpressweb.com/~talon/BatsinAz/furred.html
  
== 5. What is meant by delayed implantation? ==
+
<!--T:27-->
The gestation periods of bats are relatively long, ranging from about 44 days to 8 months in various species. Few produce more than a single offspring each year, and the young tend to mature slowly. The reproductive cycles of most species follow general mammalian patterns, but exceptions exist. Most interesting are certain Temperate Zone species that hibernate during the winter months. Copulation occurs prior to hibernation, and sperm are retained within the females throughout the hibernation period. Fertilization occurs when the ovum is released from the ovary after the bats arouse in the spring. This is called delayed fertilization. A variant of this pattern is observed in one European genus, in which copulation, ovulation, and early development of the embryo all occur in normal sequence immediately prior to hibernation, but the embryo experiences developmental arrest before uterine attachment. It remains free and undeveloped
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
until after the torpid mother resumes normal metabolism in spring. This is called delayed
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
implantation.
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
Quoted from: The Virtual Zoo: http://library.thinkquest.org/11922/mammals/bats.htm
+
<noinclude><translate><!--T:28-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 5. What is meant by delayed implantation? -->
 +
Delayed implantation is a reproductive strategy used by close to 100 different mammals in seven different orders. In delayed implantation, the embryo does not immediately implant in the uterus, but is maintained in a state of dormancy. No development takes place as long as the embryo remains unattached to the uterine lining. As a result, the normal gestation period is extended, sometimes up to a year.
  
== 6. How long is the gestation period for bats? ==
+
<!--T:29-->
44 days to 8 months (see above)
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:30-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 6. How long is the gestation period for bats? -->
 +
The gestation period lasts from 44 days to 8 months.
  
== 7. What is bat guano and why was it important during the War of 1812 and the Civil War? ==
+
<!--T:31-->
Bat guano is bat dropping (feces). Among bat colonies, thousands of pounds of guano can accumulate. During the American War of 1812 and the American Civil War, bat guano was used to make gunpowder, since the primary component of guano is saltpeter–the primary ingredient in gunpowder.
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
More info online at: http://www.chiropteraphilia.com/cavehistory.html
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:32-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 7. What is bat guano and why was it important during the War of 1812 and the Civil War? -->
 +
Bat guano is bat droppings (feces). Among bat colonies, thousands of pounds of guano can accumulate. During the American War of 1812 and the American Civil War, bat guano was used to make gunpowder, since the primary component of guano is saltpeter – the primary ingredient in gunpowder.
  
== 8. What disease can be contracted from large quantities of guano? ==
+
<!--T:33-->
Histoplasmosis, a fungal disease that affects the respiratory systems of humans. (see online sources for more details)
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:34-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 8. What disease can be contracted from large quantities of guano? -->
 +
Histoplasmosis, also known as Darling's disease, is a disease caused by the fungus ''Histoplasma capsulatum''. Symptoms of this infection vary greatly, but the disease primarily affects the lungs. Occasionally, other organs are affected; this is called disseminated histoplasmosis, and it can be fatal if untreated. Histoplasmosis is common among AIDS patients because of their lowered immune system.
  
== 9. What is the life-span of a bat? ==
+
<!--T:11-->
 +
''H. capsulatum'' grows in soil and material contaminated with bird or bat droppings (guano). The fungus has been found in poultry house litter, caves, areas harboring bats, and in bird roosts (particularly those of starlings).
 +
 
 +
<!--T:35-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 8 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=9}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:36-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 9. What is the life-span of a bat? -->
 
Most bats live longer than most mammals of their size. The longest known lifespan of a bat in the wild is 30 years for a little brown bat.
 
Most bats live longer than most mammals of their size. The longest known lifespan of a bat in the wild is 30 years for a little brown bat.
  
== 10. Do all bats have rabies? ==
+
<!--T:37-->
Many people do not like bats and are afraid of them because they think all bats have rabies. Rabies is a virus that is transmitted to animals and people through animal bites. A study by the University of Florida has shown less than one-half of 1 percent of all bats have rabies. It is more likely for a person to be bitten by an unvaccinated dog or cat.
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
Excerpted from http://www.Pagewise.com
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 9 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=10}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:38-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 10. Do all bats have rabies? -->
 +
In regions where rabies is endemic, only 0.5% of bats carry the disease. However, of the few cases of rabies reported in the United States every year not caused by dogs, most are caused by bat bites. Those that are rabid may be clumsy, disoriented, and unable to fly, which makes it more likely that they will come into contact with humans. Although one should not have an unreasonable fear of bats, one should avoid handling them or having them in one's living space, as with any wild animal. If a bat is found in living quarters near a child, mentally handicapped person, intoxicated person, sleeping person, or pet, the person or pet should receive immediate medical attention for rabies. Bats have very small teeth and can bite a sleeping person without being felt.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:14-->
 +
Where rabies is not endemic, as throughout most of Western Europe, small bats can be considered harmless. Larger bats can give a nasty bite. They should be treated with the respect due to any wild animal.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:15-->
 +
From 1951 through 2012, 54 Americans are believed to have contracted rabies from bats in the United States. That is a very small number. With or without bats in your yard, the most important action you can take to protect your family from rabies is to vaccinate your family dogs and cats.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:39-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 10 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=11}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:40-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 11. How good is the vision of microbats and megabats? -->
 +
Although the eyes of most microbat species are small and poorly developed, leading to poor visual acuity, none of them are blind. Vision is used to navigate microbats especially for long distances when beyond the range of echolocation. It has even been discovered that some species are able to detect ultraviolet light. They also have a high quality sense of smell and hearing. Bats hunt at night to avoid competition with birds, and travel large distances at most 800 km, in their search for food.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:17-->
 +
Most megabats have large eyes, allowing them to orient visually in the twilight of dusk and inside caves and forests. In contrast to the microbats, the fruit bats do not, as a rule, use echolocation (with one exception, the Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus egyptiacus, which uses high-pitched clicks to navigate in caves).
 +
 
 +
<!--T:41-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 11 -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=12}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:42-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 12. What North American bat is pictured on the honor? -->
 +
The Eastern Red Bat is depicted on the honor patch. They are widespread across eastern North America, with additional records in Bermuda. It is also scarce but widespread throughout many of the Bahamian islands.
  
== 11. How good is the vision of microbats and megabats? ==
+
<!--T:43-->
In addition to their incredible echolocation abilities, bats also process visual information -- contrary to popular belief, most bats have fairly acute vision. They use echolocation in conjunction with vision, not instead of it.
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
More Bat vision Information at: http://science.howstuffworks.com/bat2.htm
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 12 -->
 +
<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
 +
==References== <!--T:19-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
  
== 12. What North American bat is pictured on the honor? ==
+
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Do at home{{GetLangSuffix}}]]
Red Bat
+
{{CloseHonorPage}}

Latest revision as of 18:10, 3 January 2023

Other languages:
English • ‎español
Bats - Advanced

Skill Level

2

Year

2004

Version

29.11.2024

Approval authority

General Conference

Bats Advanced AY Honor.png
Bats - Advanced
Nature
Skill Level
123
Approval authority
General Conference
Year of Introduction
2004
See also


1

Earn the Bats honor.


For tips and instruction see Bats.


2

What are caves, attics, bridges, or tunnels where bats hibernate called?


These places where bats sleep during the day or hibernate during the winter are called roosts.


3

Give three (3) examples of colonizing bats.


Other examples of colonizing bats include Rafinesque's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) and the southeastern myotis (Myotis austroriparius), which are not pictured.


4

Give three (3) examples of solitary roosting bats.


More information can be found at http://www.xpressweb.com/~talon/BatsinAz/furred.html


5

What is meant by delayed implantation?


Delayed implantation is a reproductive strategy used by close to 100 different mammals in seven different orders. In delayed implantation, the embryo does not immediately implant in the uterus, but is maintained in a state of dormancy. No development takes place as long as the embryo remains unattached to the uterine lining. As a result, the normal gestation period is extended, sometimes up to a year.


6

How long is the gestation period for bats?


The gestation period lasts from 44 days to 8 months.


7

What is bat guano and why was it important during the War of 1812 and the Civil War?


Bat guano is bat droppings (feces). Among bat colonies, thousands of pounds of guano can accumulate. During the American War of 1812 and the American Civil War, bat guano was used to make gunpowder, since the primary component of guano is saltpeter – the primary ingredient in gunpowder.


8

What disease can be contracted from large quantities of guano?


Histoplasmosis, also known as Darling's disease, is a disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. Symptoms of this infection vary greatly, but the disease primarily affects the lungs. Occasionally, other organs are affected; this is called disseminated histoplasmosis, and it can be fatal if untreated. Histoplasmosis is common among AIDS patients because of their lowered immune system.

H. capsulatum grows in soil and material contaminated with bird or bat droppings (guano). The fungus has been found in poultry house litter, caves, areas harboring bats, and in bird roosts (particularly those of starlings).


9

What is the life-span of a bat?


Most bats live longer than most mammals of their size. The longest known lifespan of a bat in the wild is 30 years for a little brown bat.


10

Do all bats have rabies?


In regions where rabies is endemic, only 0.5% of bats carry the disease. However, of the few cases of rabies reported in the United States every year not caused by dogs, most are caused by bat bites. Those that are rabid may be clumsy, disoriented, and unable to fly, which makes it more likely that they will come into contact with humans. Although one should not have an unreasonable fear of bats, one should avoid handling them or having them in one's living space, as with any wild animal. If a bat is found in living quarters near a child, mentally handicapped person, intoxicated person, sleeping person, or pet, the person or pet should receive immediate medical attention for rabies. Bats have very small teeth and can bite a sleeping person without being felt.

Where rabies is not endemic, as throughout most of Western Europe, small bats can be considered harmless. Larger bats can give a nasty bite. They should be treated with the respect due to any wild animal.

From 1951 through 2012, 54 Americans are believed to have contracted rabies from bats in the United States. That is a very small number. With or without bats in your yard, the most important action you can take to protect your family from rabies is to vaccinate your family dogs and cats.


11

How good is the vision of microbats and megabats?


Although the eyes of most microbat species are small and poorly developed, leading to poor visual acuity, none of them are blind. Vision is used to navigate microbats especially for long distances when beyond the range of echolocation. It has even been discovered that some species are able to detect ultraviolet light. They also have a high quality sense of smell and hearing. Bats hunt at night to avoid competition with birds, and travel large distances at most 800 km, in their search for food.

Most megabats have large eyes, allowing them to orient visually in the twilight of dusk and inside caves and forests. In contrast to the microbats, the fruit bats do not, as a rule, use echolocation (with one exception, the Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus egyptiacus, which uses high-pitched clicks to navigate in caves).


12

What North American bat is pictured on the honor?


The Eastern Red Bat is depicted on the honor patch. They are widespread across eastern North America, with additional records in Bermuda. It is also scarce but widespread throughout many of the Bahamian islands.



References