Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Species Account/Isurus oxyrinchus"

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{{Taxobox
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:1-->
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| color = pink
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</noinclude>
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| name = Shortfin mako shark
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{{species id
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| status = VU
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|common_name=Shortfin Mako
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| status_system = iucn3.1
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|latin_name=Isurus oxyrinchus
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| status_ref = <ref>{{cite press release |title=More oceanic sharks added to the IUCN Red List |publisher=[[IUCN]] |date=2007-02-22 |url=http://www.iucn.org/en/news/archive/2007/02/22_pr_sharks.htm |format= |language= |accessdate=2007-02-25 |quote=The global threat status was heightened for shortfin mako, a favorite shark among commercial and recreational fishermen, from ''Near Threatened'' in 2000 to ''Vulnerable'' today.}}</ref>
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|image=Isurus oxyrinchus by mark conlin2.JPG
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| image = Shortfin mako.jpg
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|description=
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| image_width = 250px
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The 'Shortfin Mako Shark (''Isurus oxyrinchus''—meaning "sharp nose") is a large mackerel shark. It is commonly referred to as the ''mako shark'' together with the longfin mako shark (''Isurus paucus'').
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
 
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| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
 
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| classis = [[Chondrichthyes]]
 
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| subclassis = [[Elasmobranchii]]
 
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| ordo = [[Lamniformes]]
 
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| familia = [[Lamnidae]]
 
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| genus = ''[[Isurus]]''
 
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| species = '''''I. oxyrinchus'''''
 
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| binomial = ''Isurus oxyrinchus''
 
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| binomial_authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Rafinesque]], 1810
 
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}}
 
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{{Sharksportal}}
 
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The '''shortfin mako shark''', ''Isurus oxyrinchus'', ("sharp nose") is a large [[shark]] of the [[Lamnidae]] family. Along with the closely related [[longfin mako]], ''Isurus paucus'', it is commonly called just '''mako shark'''.  
 
  
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==Anatomy and appearance==
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With a full-grown length of 2.75 &ndash; 4&nbsp;m (9 &ndash; 13&nbsp;ft) it has been reported to weigh up to 800&nbsp;kg (1,750&nbsp;lb) and has a bluish back and white underside. Although the sexes grow at about the same rate, females are thought to have a longer [[life span]], and grow larger and weigh more than the males. Shortfin makos are renowned for their speed and their ability to leap out of the water. Mako sharks have a better hydrodynamic shape than all other sharks, and this, combined with the lamnidae's typical high aerobic muscle mass, reflects in the spectacular speed and agility of both the longfin and shortfin makos{{Fact|date=February 2007}}.
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The Shortfin Mako is a fairly large species of shark. An average adult specimen will measure around 3.2 meters in length and weigh from 60-135 kg. Females are larger than males. The largest "mako" taken (not verified between the two species) on hook-and-line was 505.8 kg.  
  
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==Naming==
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The name "mako" comes from the [[Māori language]], but the [[etymology]] is unclear.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maori.info/maori_language.htm|title=Maori language - a glossary of useful words from the language of the Maori New Zealand|accessdate=2006-08-11}}</ref> A typical [[Gloss (transliteration)|gloss]] given for "mako" is "large blue shark". The term entered the English language in [[1727]]. It can also mean "[[man-eater]]". <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=mako|title=Online Etymology Dictionary|accessdate=2006-08-11}}</ref>
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The Shortfin Mako is cylindrical in shape, with a vertically-elongated tail that assists its highly hydrodynamic lifestyle. The Mako is in fact the fastest shark of all. This species' color is brilliant metallic blue dorsally and white ventrally, although coloration varies as the shark ages and increases in size. The line of demarcation between blue and white on the body is distinct. The underside of the snout and the area around the mouth are white. Larger specimens tend to possess darker color that extends onto parts of the body that are white in smaller individuals. The juvenile mako differs in that it has a clear blackish stain on the tip of the snout. The Longfin mako shark very much resembles the Shortfin, but has larger pectoral fins, dark rather than pale coloration around the mouth and larger eyes. The presence of only one lateral keel on the tail and the lack of lateral cusps on the teeth distinguish the makos from the closely related porbeagle sharks of the genus ''Lamna''. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhHDXk8g4FE Mako surprises diver]
  
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==Distribution==
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The shortfin mako is found in [[temperate]] and [[tropical]] seas worldwide. The closely related [[longfin mako shark]], ''Isurus paucus'', is found in the [[Gulf Stream]] or warmer offshore waters.
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|range=
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The shortfin mako inhabits offshore temperate and tropical seas worldwide. The closely related longfin mako shark, ''Isurus paucus'', is found in the Gulf Stream or warmer offshore waters.
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==Behavior==
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}}
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The shortfin mako's speed has been recorded at 50&nbsp;km/h (31&nbsp;mph) and there are reports that it can achieve bursts of up to 74&nbsp;km/h (46&nbsp;mph).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/shark_profiles/i_oxyrinchus.htm|title=Biology of the Shortfin Mako|publisher=ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research|accessdate=2006-08-12|author=R. Aidan Martin}}</ref> Shortfin makos can jump up to 6&nbsp;m (20&nbsp;ft) in the air.  Due to its speed and agility, this high-leaping fish is sought as [[Game (food)|game]] worldwide.
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<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
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==Reproduction==
 
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The shortfin mako shark is a yolk-sac [[Ovoviviparity|ovoviviparous]] shark, meaning it gives birth to live young who feed from a sac full of yolk in the womb. The gestation period for a mako shark is 15 to 18 months.  Shortfin mako embryos in the female's body consume each other to get nutrients. This is called [[intrauterine cannibalism]].
 
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==Notes==
 
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<references />
 
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==References==
 
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* {{IUCN2006|assessors=Stevens|year=2000|id=39341|title=Isurus oxyrinchus|downloaded=06 May 2006}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is near threatened
 
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* {{ITIS|ID=159924|taxon=Isurus oxyrinchus|year=2006|date=23 January}}
 
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* {{FishBase species | genus = Isurus | species = oxyrinchus | month = May | year = 2006}}
 
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==External links==
 
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* ARKive - [http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/fish/Isurus_oxyrinchus/ images and movies of the shortfin mako ''(Isurus oxyrinchus)'']
 
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* {{marinebio|id369|name=Shortfin mako shark, ''Isurus oxyrinchus''}}
 
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[[Category:Sharks]]
 
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[[Category:Lamnidae]]
 
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[[Category:Ovoviviparous fish]]
 
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[[de:Kurzflossen-Mako]]
 
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[[es:Isurus oxyrinchus]]
 
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[[fr:Requin mako]]
 
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[[nl:Kortvinmakreelhaai]]
 
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[[ja:アオザメ]]
 
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[[no:Makrellhai]]
 
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[[pt:Tubarão-mako]]
 
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[[sk:Mako rýchly]]
 
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[[fi:Makohai]]
 
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[[sv:Makohaj]]
 
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[[vi:Cá mập mako vây ngắn]]
 
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[[zh:鼠鲨科]]
 
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the mako sharks can go up to 100km an hour in short bursts making it the fastest shark
 

Latest revision as of 21:23, 20 September 2021

Isurus oxyrinchus

Isurus oxyrinchus

Shortfin Mako (Isurus oxyrinchus)

Where found: The shortfin mako inhabits offshore temperate and tropical seas worldwide. The closely related longfin mako shark, Isurus paucus, is found in the Gulf Stream or warmer offshore waters.

Description: The 'Shortfin Mako Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus—meaning "sharp nose") is a large mackerel shark. It is commonly referred to as the mako shark together with the longfin mako shark (Isurus paucus). The Shortfin Mako is a fairly large species of shark. An average adult specimen will measure around 3.2 meters in length and weigh from 60-135 kg. Females are larger than males. The largest "mako" taken (not verified between the two species) on hook-and-line was 505.8 kg. The Shortfin Mako is cylindrical in shape, with a vertically-elongated tail that assists its highly hydrodynamic lifestyle. The Mako is in fact the fastest shark of all. This species' color is brilliant metallic blue dorsally and white ventrally, although coloration varies as the shark ages and increases in size. The line of demarcation between blue and white on the body is distinct. The underside of the snout and the area around the mouth are white. Larger specimens tend to possess darker color that extends onto parts of the body that are white in smaller individuals. The juvenile mako differs in that it has a clear blackish stain on the tip of the snout. The Longfin mako shark very much resembles the Shortfin, but has larger pectoral fins, dark rather than pale coloration around the mouth and larger eyes. The presence of only one lateral keel on the tail and the lack of lateral cusps on the teeth distinguish the makos from the closely related porbeagle sharks of the genus Lamna. Mako surprises diver

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