Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Parrots and Cockatoos/Answer Key"

Revision as of 04:10, 7 June 2008

The Palm Cockatoo (Probosciger aterrimus), also known as the Goliath Cockatoo, is a large black parrot of the cockatoo family and this species is unique in its kind. It is the only member in subfamily Microglossinae and monotypic genus Probosciger. Its unique position within the cockatoo family has been confirmed by molecular studies (Brown & Toft, 1999, Astuti, 2004?).

The Palm Cockatoo is distributed in rainforests and woodlands of New Guinea and northern Queensland, Australia. It measures around 55-60 cm in length and weighs between 500-1,000 g. It is a distinctive bird with a large crest and has one of the largest bills of any parrots (only the Hyacinth Macaw's is larger). The bill is unusual as the lower and upper mandibles do not meet for much of its length, allowing the tongue to hold a nut against the top mandible while the lower mandible works to open it. The Palm Cockatoo also has a distinctive red gape that changes colour when the bird is alarmed or excited.

The Palm Cockatoo makes four different kinds of vocalisations. It has a unique display where the bird drums a large branch against a dead bough or tree, creating a loud noise that can be heard up to 100 m away.

This species is in high demand for the pet trade due to its unusual appearance, and does not breed well in captivity, requiring the removal of wild birds. It is still relatively common in Cape York, but is threatened there by habitat loss. The Palm Cockatoo is currently evaluated as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of CITES.

Gallery

Head details (in aviary)

References

Astuti, Dwi (2004?): A phylogeny of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes) inferred from DNA sequences of the seventh intron of nuclear β-fibrinogen gene. Doctoral work, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan. PDF fulltext
Template:IUCN2006 Database entry includes a lengthy justification of why this species is of least concern
Brown, D.M. & Toft, C.A. (1999): Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). Auk 116(1): 141-157.
Flegg, Jim (2002): Photographic Field Guide: Birds of Australia. Reed New Holland, Sydney & London. ISBN 1-876334-78-9

External links

Template:Commons

cs:Kakadu arový de:Palmkakadu es:Probosciger aterrimus fr:Probosciger aterrimus id:Kakatua Raja it:Probosciger aterrimus lt:Juodoji palminė kakadu hu:Pálmakakadu pl:Żałobnica palmowa ru:Чёрный пальмовый какаду sk:Probosciger fi:Palmukakadu sv:Palmkakadua tr:Palmiye kakadusu zh:棕树凤头鹦鹉

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-{{honor_header|Unknown|Unknown|Nature|South Pacific Division}}
+{{Taxobox
-==1. Name 15 species of parrot and five species of cockatoo that are common to Australia and be able to identify them from real life or pictures. ==
+| name = Palm Cockatoo
-==2. Name two species of parrot that builds its nest in a termite mound and tell where each is found. ==
+| status = LR/lc
-==3. Where in Australia would you find each of the following and describe the natural diet of each. ==
+| image = Palm Cockatoo.JPG
-===a. Long Billed Corella===
+| image_width = 225px
-[[Image:Longbilledcorella.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Long Billed Corella]][[Image:Bird range long-billed corella.png|thumb|200px|right|Long Billed Corella range (in red)]]
+| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
-The Long-billed Corella, ''Cacatua tenuirostris'', is a cockatoo native to Australia. Species are mostly white, with a pink face and forehead. They also have faintly pink feathers on the breast and belly, and yellow on the underside of the wings and tail. The birds have a long white beak, which is used to dig for roots and seeds.
+| phylum = [[Chordata]]
+| classis = [[Aves]]
+| ordo = [[Psittaciformes]]
+| familia = [[Cacatuidae]]
+| subfamilia = '''Microglossinae'''
+| genus = '''''Probosciger'''''
+| genus_authority = [[Heinrich Kuhl|Kuhl]], 1820
+| species = '''''P. aterrimus'''''
+| binomial = ''Probosciger aterrimus''
+| binomial_authority = [[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin]], 1788
+| subdivision_ranks = subspecies
+| subdivision = ''P. a. aterrimus''<br>
+''P. a. goliath''<br>
+''P. a. macgillivrayi''<br>
+''P. a. stenolophus''
+| range_map = Bird range palm cockatoo.png
+| range_map_width = 150px
+| range_map_caption = Australian Palm Cockatoo range (in red)
+}}
-{{clear}}
+The '''Palm Cockatoo''' ''(Probosciger aterrimus)'', also known as the '''Goliath Cockatoo''', is a large black [[Psittaciformes|parrot]] of the [[cockatoo]] family and this species is unique in its kind. It is the only member in subfamily Microglossinae and monotypic genus '' Probosciger''. Its unique position within the cockatoo family has been confirmed by molecular studies (Brown & Toft, 1999, Astuti, 2004?).
-===b. Great Palm Cockatoo===
+The Palm Cockatoo is distributed in rainforests and woodlands of [[New Guinea]] and northern [[Queensland]], [[Australia]]. It measures around 55-60 cm in length and weighs between 500-1,000 g. It is a distinctive [[Aves|bird]] with a large [[Crest (bird)|crest]] and has one of the largest bills of any parrots (only the [[Hyacinth Macaw]]'s is larger). The bill is unusual as the lower and upper mandibles do not meet for much of its length, allowing the tongue to hold a nut against the top mandible while the lower mandible works to open it. The Palm Cockatoo also has a distinctive red gape that changes colour when the bird is alarmed or excited.
-''Probosciger aterrimus''
-===c. Gang Gang Cockatoo ===
+The Palm Cockatoo makes four different kinds of vocalisations. It has a unique display where the bird drums a large branch against a dead bough or tree, creating a loud noise that can be heard up to 100 m away.
-[[Image:Gang-gang female MJC01.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Gang-gang Cockatoo]]
-[[Image:Bird range gang-gang cockatoo.png|thumb|200px|right|Range of the Gang-gang Cockatoo (in red)]]
-The Gang-gang Cockatoo, Callocephalon fimbriatum, is found in the cooler and wetter forests and woodlands of Australia, particularly alpine bushland. Mostly mild grey in colour with some lighter scalloping (more pronounced and buffish in females) the male has a red head and crest, while the female has a small fluffy grey crest. It ranges throughout south-eastern Australia and Tasmania. The Gang-gang Cockatoo is the faunal emblem of the Australian Capital Territory. It is easily identified by its distinctive call, which is described as resembling a creaky gate, or the sound of a cork being pulled from a bottle.
-{{TODO|Add natural diet info}}
-==4. Which three species of cockatoo are known as the most rare? ==
+This species is in high demand for the pet trade due to its unusual appearance, and does not breed well in captivity, requiring the removal of wild birds. It is still relatively common in [[Cape York]], but is threatened there by [[habitat (ecology)|habitat]] loss. The Palm Cockatoo is currently evaluated as Least Concern on the [[IUCN Red List]] of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of [[CITES]].
-==5. Which is the largest species in the Rosella family? Where does it come from and what is its usual food? ==
-==6. Every State of Australia has a Rosella that is common to that State. Some are found in more than one State but there is one that is commonly associated with your State. Which is it? ==
+== Gallery ==
-==7. When the Eclectus parrot was first found it was thought that the Male and Female were of different species. Why was this? Where are they found and what is their usual diet? ==
+<gallery>
-==8. What Australian cockatoo is regarded as the most beautiful in the world? Describe what it looks like and where it is found. ==
+Image:Stavenn Probosciger atterrimus 00.jpg
-==9. Name four different Lorikeets and tell why they all have brush tongues.==
+Image:Palm Cockatoo (Probosciger aterrimus) on branch2.jpg
-==10. Be able to describe the nest of any one of the above parrots or cockatoos and also tell the color of the egg. ==
+Image:Probosciger aterrimus -head and face behind cage bars.jpg|Head details (in aviary)
-==11. Make a list of all the parrots and cockatoos that are common to your area.==
+</gallery>
-==References==
-[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
+== References ==
+* '''Astuti''', Dwi (2004?): A phylogeny of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes) inferred from DNA sequences of the seventh intron of nuclear ''β''-fibrinogen gene. Doctoral work, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan. [http://www.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/coe21/J/study/17result/dwi.pdf PDF fulltext]
+* {{IUCN2006|assessors='''[[BirdLife International]]'''|year=2004|id=18187|title=Probosciger aterrimus|downloaded=8 May 2006}} Database entry includes a lengthy justification of why this species is of least concern
+* '''Brown''', D.M. & '''Toft''', C.A. (1999): Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). ''[[Auk (journal)|Auk]]'' '''116'''(1): 141-157.
+* '''Flegg''', Jim (2002): ''Photographic Field Guide: Birds of Australia''. Reed New Holland, Sydney & London. ISBN 1-876334-78-9
+== External links ==
+* [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=1389&m=0 BirdLife Species Factsheet]
+* [http://www.redlist.org/search/details.php?species=18187 IUCN Red List]
+* [http://www.palmcockatoo.com/ The Palm Cockatoo Research Project.]
+* [http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds/advice/endangeredspecies/threats.asp Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) website - Threats to wild bird populations]
+* [http://www.cites.org/eng/resources/species.html CITES website search page]
+{{commons|Probosciger aterrimus}}
+[[Category:Cacatuidae]]
+[[Category:Subfamilies of birds]]
+[[Category:Genera of birds]]
+[[Category:Birds of Australia]]
+[[Category:Birds of Southeast Asia]]
+[[Category:Birds of Indonesia]]
+[[Category:Birds of Papua New Guinea]]
+[[Category:Birds kept as pets]]
+[[cs:Kakadu arový]]
+[[de:Palmkakadu]]
+[[es:Probosciger aterrimus]]
+[[fr:Probosciger aterrimus]]
+[[id:Kakatua Raja]]
+[[it:Probosciger aterrimus]]
+[[lt:Juodoji palminė kakadu]]
+[[hu:Pálmakakadu]]
+[[pl:Żałobnica palmowa]]
+[[ru:Чёрный пальмовый какаду]]
+[[sk:Probosciger]]
+[[fi:Palmukakadu]]
+[[sv:Palmkakadua]]
+[[tr:Palmiye kakadusu]]
+[[zh:棕树凤头鹦鹉]]