Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Knitting/Answer Key"

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m (27 revisions from w:Ribbing (knitting): import into AY Honor Knitting)
m (50 revisions from w:Basic knitted fabrics: import into AY Honor Knitting)
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[[Image:Ribbing.jpg|thumb|right|1x1 Ribbing]]
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A few types of [[knitted fabric]] are so fundamental, that they have been adopted as part of the language of knitting, similar to techniques such as [[yarn over]] or [[decrease (knitting)|decrease]]. Examples include '''stockinette stitch''', '''reverse stockinette stitch''', '''garter stitch''', '''seed stitch''', '''faggoting''', and '''tricot'''. 
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In some cases, these fabrics appear differently on the [[right side (knitting)|right side]] (i.e., as seen when making the stitch) than on the [[wrong side (knitting)|wrong side]] (i.e., as seen from the other side, when the work is turned).
  
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In [[knitting]], '''ribbing''' is a pattern in which vertical stripes of [[basic knitted fabrics|stockinette stitch]] alternate with vertical [[stripe]]s of [[basic knitted fabrics|reverse stockinette stitch]].  These two types of stripes may be separated by other stripes in which knit and purl [[stitch]]es alternate vertically; such '''plissé''' stripes add width and depth to ribbing but not more [[elasticity]].
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==Stockinette stitch and reverse stockinette stitch==
  
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The number of knit and purl stripes ('''wales''') are generally equal, although they need not be.  When they are equal, the [[fabric]] has no tendency to curl, unlike stockinette stitch.  Such ribbing looks the same on both sides and is useful for garments such as [[scarves]].
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[[Image:Stockinette.jpg|thumb|right|Stockinette stitch]]
  
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Ribbing is notated by (number of knit stitches) x (number of purl stitches).  Thus, 1x1 ribbing has one knit stitch, followed by one purl stitch, followed by one knit stitch, and so on.
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'''Stockinette stitch''' (in the UK, '''Stocking Stitch''') is the most basic knitted fabric; every stitch (as seen from the [[right side (knitting)|right side]]) is a knit stitch.  In the [[circular knitting|round]], stockinette stitch is produced by knitting every stitch; by contrast, in the flat,  stockinette stitch is produced by knitting and purling alternate rows.  
  
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Ribbing has a strong tendency to contract laterally, forming small [[pleat]]s in which the purl stitches recede and the knit stitches come forward.  Thus, ribbing is often used for [[cuff]]s, [[sweater]] [[hem]]s and, more generally, any edge that should be form-fitting.  The elasticity depends on the number of knit/purl transitions; 1x1 ribbing is more elastic than 2x2 ribbing, etc.
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Stockinette-stitch fabric is very smooth and each column ("wale") resembles a stacked set of "V"'s.  It has a strong tendency to curl horizontally and vertically because of the [[asymmetry]] of its faces.  
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However, some cable patterns may "pull in" more than ribbing (i.e., have a smaller [[gauge (knitting)|gauge]]); in such cases, a ribbed border may flare out instead of contracting.
 
  
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[[Slip-stitch_knitting|Slip stitch]]es may be added to increase the depth of the ribbing, and to accentuate the stitches of certain wales.  For example, the knit stitches can be slipped every other row to double their height and make them come forward.  
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'''Reverse stockinette stitch''' is produced in the same way as stockinette, except that the purl stitches are done on the [[right side (knitting)|right side]] and the knit stitches on the [[wrong side (knitting)|wrong side]].  In the [[circular knitting|round]], reverse stockinette stitch is produced by purling every stitch.
  
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Ribs can be decorated with nearly any motif used for a plain knitted fabric, e.g., [[bobble (knitting)|bobbles]], [[cable knitting|cables]], [[lace knitting|lace]], various [[color]]s, and so on.
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==Garter stitch==
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[[Image:Garterstitch.jpg|thumb|right|Garter stitch]]
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'''Garter stitch''' is the most basic form of [[welting (knitting)|welting]] (as seen from the [[right side (knitting)|right side]]).  In the [[circular knitting|round]], garter stitch is produced by knitting and purling alternate rows.  By contrast, in the flat, garter stitch is produced by knitting every stitch (or purling every stitch, though this is much less common).
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In garter-stitch fabrics, the "purl" rows stand out from the "knit" rows, which provides the basis for [[shadow knitting]].  Garter-stitch fabric has significant lengthwise [[Elasticity (fabrics)|elasticity]] and little tendency to curl, due to the [[symmetry]] of its faces.
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==Seed stitch==
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'''Seed stitch''' is the most basic form of a [[basketweave (knitting)|basketweave pattern]]; knit and purl stitches alternate in every column ("wale") ''and'' every row ("course").  In other words, every knit stitch is flanked on all four sides (left and right, top and bottom) by purl stitches, and vice versa. Seed stitch is also known as '''Moss Stitch'''.
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Seed-stitch fabrics lie flat; the symmetry of their two faces prevents them from curling to one side or the other.  Hence, it makes an excellent choice for edging, e.g., the central edges of a cardigan.  However, seed stitch is "nubbly", not nearly as smooth as stockinette.
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==Faggoting==
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'''Faggoting''' is a variation of [[lace knitting]], in which every stitch is a [[yarn over]] or a [[decrease (knitting)|decrease]].  There are several types of faggoting, but all are an extremely open [[lace]] similar to [[netting]].  Like most lace fabrics, faggoting has little structural strength and deforms easily, so it has little tendency to curl despite being asymmetrical. Faggoting is stretchy and open, and most faggoting stitches look the same on both sides, making them ideal for garments like lacy scarves or stockings.
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==Tricot knitting==
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'''Tricot''' is a special case of [[warp knitting]], in which the yarn zigzags vertically, following a single ''column'' ("wale") of knitting, rather than a single ''row'' ("course"), as is customary.  Tricot and its relatives are very resistant to runs, and are commonly used in [[lingerie]].
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==Other basic fabrics==
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Other classes of basic knitted fabrics include [[ribbing (knitting)|ribbing]], [[welting (knitting)|welting]] and [[cable knitting|cables]].
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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{{Nofootnotes|date=February 2008}}
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{{No footnotes|date=February 2008}}
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* (2002) ''Vogue Knitting: The Ultimate Knitting Book'', updated ed., Sixth and Spring Books. ISBN 1-931543-16-X
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* June Hemmons Hiatt (1988) ''The Principles of Knitting'', Simon and Schuster, pp. 18–20.  ISBN 0-671-55233-3
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* (1979) ''Reader's Digest Complete Guide to Needlework'', Reader's Digest Association.  ISBN 0-89577-059-8
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* {{cite book
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* Thomas M. (1972) ''Mary Thomas' Book of Knitting Patterns'', Dover.  ISBN 0-486-22818-5
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  | last = Walker
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* June Hemmons Hiatt (1988) ''The Principles of Knitting'', Simon and Schuster, pp. 21-22, 214.  ISBN 0-671-55233-3
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  | first = Barbara G.
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  | authorlink = Barbara G. Walker
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  | coauthors =
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  | title = A Treasury of Knitting Patterns
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  | publisher = Schoolhouse Press
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  | date = 1998
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  | location = Pittsville, WI
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  | pages = 184–187
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  | url =
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  | doi =
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  | isbn = 0942018168 }}
  
 
{{knitting}}
 
{{knitting}}
  
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[[Category:Knitted fabrics]]
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[[Category:Knitting stitches]]
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[[Category:Knitting ornaments]]
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[[Category:Knitted fabrics| ]]
  
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[[sv:Ribbstickning]]
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[[he:סריג (בד)]]

Revision as of 04:38, 13 January 2010

A few types of knitted fabric are so fundamental, that they have been adopted as part of the language of knitting, similar to techniques such as yarn over or decrease. Examples include stockinette stitch, reverse stockinette stitch, garter stitch, seed stitch, faggoting, and tricot. In some cases, these fabrics appear differently on the right side (i.e., as seen when making the stitch) than on the wrong side (i.e., as seen from the other side, when the work is turned).

Stockinette stitch and reverse stockinette stitch

Stockinette stitch

Stockinette stitch (in the UK, Stocking Stitch) is the most basic knitted fabric; every stitch (as seen from the right side) is a knit stitch. In the round, stockinette stitch is produced by knitting every stitch; by contrast, in the flat, stockinette stitch is produced by knitting and purling alternate rows.

Stockinette-stitch fabric is very smooth and each column ("wale") resembles a stacked set of "V"'s. It has a strong tendency to curl horizontally and vertically because of the asymmetry of its faces.

Reverse stockinette stitch is produced in the same way as stockinette, except that the purl stitches are done on the right side and the knit stitches on the wrong side. In the round, reverse stockinette stitch is produced by purling every stitch.

Garter stitch

Garter stitch

Garter stitch is the most basic form of welting (as seen from the right side). In the round, garter stitch is produced by knitting and purling alternate rows. By contrast, in the flat, garter stitch is produced by knitting every stitch (or purling every stitch, though this is much less common).

In garter-stitch fabrics, the "purl" rows stand out from the "knit" rows, which provides the basis for shadow knitting. Garter-stitch fabric has significant lengthwise elasticity and little tendency to curl, due to the symmetry of its faces.

Seed stitch

Seed stitch is the most basic form of a basketweave pattern; knit and purl stitches alternate in every column ("wale") and every row ("course"). In other words, every knit stitch is flanked on all four sides (left and right, top and bottom) by purl stitches, and vice versa. Seed stitch is also known as Moss Stitch.

Seed-stitch fabrics lie flat; the symmetry of their two faces prevents them from curling to one side or the other. Hence, it makes an excellent choice for edging, e.g., the central edges of a cardigan. However, seed stitch is "nubbly", not nearly as smooth as stockinette.

Faggoting

Faggoting is a variation of lace knitting, in which every stitch is a yarn over or a decrease. There are several types of faggoting, but all are an extremely open lace similar to netting. Like most lace fabrics, faggoting has little structural strength and deforms easily, so it has little tendency to curl despite being asymmetrical. Faggoting is stretchy and open, and most faggoting stitches look the same on both sides, making them ideal for garments like lacy scarves or stockings.

Tricot knitting

Tricot is a special case of warp knitting, in which the yarn zigzags vertically, following a single column ("wale") of knitting, rather than a single row ("course"), as is customary. Tricot and its relatives are very resistant to runs, and are commonly used in lingerie.

Other basic fabrics

Other classes of basic knitted fabrics include ribbing, welting and cables.

References

Template:No footnotes

Template:Knitting

he:סריג (בד)

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