Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Knot Tying/Answer Key"

Revision as of 03:38, 10 February 2007

A line eye-spliced to a snap shackle.

Rope splicing in ropework is the forming of a semi-permanent join between two ropes or two parts of the same rope by partly untwisting and then interweaving their strands. Splices can be used to form a stopper at the end of a line, to form a loop or an eye in a rope, or for joining two ropes together. Splices are preferred to knotted rope, since whilst a knot reduces the strength by as much as 40% or more, a splice retains up to 95% of the strength of the line. However, splicing usually results in a thickening of the line and if subsequently removed a distortion of the rope. Most types of splices are used on 3 strand rope, but some can be done on 12 or greater strand braided rope.

Types of splices

back splice (also called an end splice) - A splice where the strands of the end of the rope are spliced directly back into the end without forming a loop. It is used to finish off the end of the rope to keep it from fraying. The end of the rope with the splice is about twice the thickness of the rest of the rope. With nylon and other plastic materials, the back splice is often no longer used; the rope strands are simply fused together with heat to prevent fraying.
cut splice (originally called cunt splice) - A splice similar to the eye splice. It is typically used for light lines (e.g., the log-line) where a single splice would tend to come undone, the rope being frequently wet. It makes a very strong knot. A cu(n)t splice is a join between two ropes, made by splicing the ends slightly apart, to make an eye in the joined rope which lies shut when the rope is taut.
eye splice - A splice where the working end is spliced into the working part forming a loop.
horseshoe splice
long splice - A splice used to join two rope ends forming one rope the length of the total of the two ropes. The long splice, unlike most splice types, results in a splice that is only very slightly thicker than the rope without the splice, but sacrifices some of the strength of the short splice. It does this by replacing two of the strands of each rope end with those from the other, and cutting off some of the extra strands that result. The long splice allows the spliced rope to still fit through the same pulleys, which is necessary in some applications.
short splice - Also a splice used to join the ends of two ropes, but the short splice is more similar to the technique used in other splices and results in the spliced part being about twice as thick as the non spliced part, and has greater strength than the long splice. The short splice retains more of the rope strength than any knots that join rope ends.
side splice

Tapering is also sometimes done to make the thicker splice blend or taper into the rest of the rope. It is done either by cutting off a lengthwise part of the end of each strand to make the end of the spliced part thinner or by staggering the strands so that the 2nd strand is interweaved one more time than the first and the third is interweaved an additional time after the 2nd. The staggering brings the splice from twice as thick as the rest of the rope to nearly the same thickness.

A fid is a tool (basically a somewhat conical hollow spike) that can be fitted over the end of a strand and used to feed it through each loop as needed. It may be required for very tightly wound or large ropes. [1]

A Marlinspike is a tool, commonly part of a sailor's pocketknife, used to separate strands of rope from one another. It is basically a 3"-4" steel spike, slightly curved, with a non-sharp point that tapers quickly out to a 1/4" to 3/8" shaft in the space of the first 1" length.

External links

de:Spleißen (Seilkunde) fr:Épissure fi:Pleissaus

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-{{honor_header|2|1975|Recreation<br>General Conference<br>2001 Edition}}
+{{Merge|Splicing (rope)|date=January 2007}}
-==1. Define the following terms:==
-;a. Bight: The part of the rope or line, between the end and the standing part, on which a knot is formed
+[[Image:Splice on snap shackle.jpg|thumb|A line eye-spliced to a [[snap shackle]].]]
-;b. Running end: The free end of the rope, usually shorter.  This is the end of the rope in which a knot is being tied.
+'''Rope splicing''' in [[ropework]] is the forming of a semi-permanent join between two [[rope]]s or two parts of the same rope by partly untwisting and then interweaving their strands. Splices can be used to form a stopper at the end of a line, to form a loop or an eye in a rope, or for joining two ropes together. Splices are preferred to knotted rope, since whilst a knot reduces the strength by as much as 40% or more,  a splice retains up to 95% of the strength of the line. However, splicing usually results in a thickening of the line and if subsequently removed a distortion of the rope. Most types of splices are used on 3 strand rope, but some can be done on 12 or greater strand braided rope.
-;c. Standing part: The part of the rope between the Running end and the Standing end (the end that doesn't move, think of it as if someone is holding it)
-;d. Underhand loop: A loop formed by passing the running end of a line under the standing part.
-;e. Overhand loop: A loop formed by passing the running end of a line over the standing part.
-;f. Turn:
-;g. Bend: A bend is used to tie two ropes together, as in the Sheetbend. Technically, even the Reef knot is a bend
-;h. Hitch: A hitch is used to tie a rope to a spar, ring or post, such as the Clove hitch. Hitches can also be used to tie one rope ONTO another rope, as in the Rolling hitch.
-;i. Splice: A knot formed by interweaving strands of rope rather than whole lines. More time consuming but usually stronger than simple knots.
-;j. Whipping: A binding knot used to prevent another line from fray.
-==2. Know how to care for rope.==
+==Types of splices==
-* a. Keep the rope clean.
+*'''back splice''' (also called an '''end splice''') - A splice where the strands of the end of the rope are spliced directly back into the end without forming a loop. It is used to finish off the end of the rope to keep it from fraying. The end of the rope with the splice is about twice the thickness of the rest of the rope.  With nylon and other plastic materials, the back splice is often no longer used; the rope strands are simply fused together with heat to prevent fraying.
-* b. Always coil a rope before storing it.
+*'''cut splice''' (originally called '''cunt splice''') - A splice similar to the eye splice.  It is typically used for light lines (e.g., the log-line) where a single splice would tend to come undone, the rope being frequently wet.  It makes a very strong knot.  A cu(n)t splice is a join between two ropes, made by splicing the ends slightly apart, to make an eye in the joined rope which lies shut when the rope is taut.
-* c. Make sure wet rope is dry before coiling it.
+*'''[[eye splice]]''' - A splice where the working end is spliced into the working part forming a loop.
-* d. Return rope to its proper place after using it.
+*'''horseshoe splice'''
+*'''long splice''' - A '''splice''' used to join two rope ends forming one rope the length of the total of the two ropes. The long splice, unlike most splice types, results in a splice that is only very slightly thicker than the rope without the splice, but sacrifices some of the strength of the short splice. It does this by replacing two of the strands of each rope end with those from the other, and cutting off some of the extra strands that result. The long splice allows the spliced rope to still fit through the same pulleys, which is necessary in some applications.
+*'''short splice''' - Also a splice used to join the ends of two ropes, but the short splice is more similar to the technique used in other splices and results in the spliced part being about twice as thick as the non spliced part, and has greater strength than the long splice. The short splice retains more of the rope strength than any knots that join rope ends.
+*'''side splice'''
-==3. Describe the difference between laid rope and braided rope and list three uses of each.==
+'''Tapering''' is also sometimes done to make the thicker splice blend or taper into the rest of the rope. It is done either by cutting off a lengthwise part of the end of each strand to make the end of the spliced part thinner or by staggering the strands so that the 2nd strand is interweaved one more time than the first and the third is interweaved an additional time after the 2nd. The staggering brings the splice from twice as thick as the rest of the rope to nearly the same thickness.
-In laid rope, three bundles of fiber or twine are twisted in the same direction, placed close to each other, and allowed to twist together.  In braided rope, the fibers are woven together, often around some core material.
-{{TODO|list more uses (need three each!)}}
+A '''fid''' is a tool (basically a somewhat conical hollow spike) that can be fitted over the end of a strand and used to feed it through each loop as needed. It may be required for very tightly wound or large ropes.
+[http://www.grogono.com/knot/splice/index.php?LogoImage=LogoGrog.jpg]
-===Uses of Laid Rope===
+A [[Marlinspike]] is a tool, commonly part of a sailor's pocketknife, used to separate strands of rope from one another. It is basically a 3"-4" steel spike, slightly curved, with a non-sharp point that tapers quickly out to a 1/4" to 3/8" shaft in the space of the first 1" length.
-# Repels water
-# Able to withstand immense strain.
-#
-===Uses of Braided Rope===
+==See also==
-# Works well with pulleys and rigging.
+* [[Knot]]
-# Spinning (lariats and lassos)
+*[[List of splices]]
-#
-==4. Identify the following types of rope:==
+==External links==
-;a. Manila: Manila is a type of fiber obtained from the leaves of the abacá (Musa textilis), a relative of the banana. It is mostly used to make ropes and it is one of the most durable of the natural fibers, besides true hemp.  Manila is a coarse, brown fiber, about the same color and feel as a coconut shell.
+* [http://www.animatedknots.com/splice/ Eye Splice Animation Using Rope - with Discussion]
-;b. Sisal: Sisal is valued for cordage use because of its strength, durability, ability to stretch, affinity for certain dyestuffs, and resistance to deterioration in saltwater.  Sisal ropes and twines are widely employed for marine, agricultural (bailing twine), and general industrial use. Sisal fibers are smooth, straight and yellow and can be long or short.
+* [http://www.neropes.com/SplicingGuideChoice.aspx New England Ropes Splicing Guide]
-;c. Nylon: Nylon rope is often white, but any color is possible.  It has a smooth, silky feeling to it, and it coils easily.  Nylon rope does not float in water.  It is a synthetic-fiber rope.
+* [http://www.tollesburysc.co.uk/Knots/Rope_splice.htm Short splice animation]
-;d. Polypropylene: Polypropylene rope is most often yellow, though any color is possible.  It is often used in marine applications because it floats in water.  The rope is sometimes difficult to tie as it is somewhat stiff and brittle.  It is a synthetic-fiber rope.
+* [http://www.tollesburysc.co.uk/Knots/Eye_splice.htm Eye splice animation]
+* [http://southseas.nla.gov.au/refs/falc/1243.html William Falconer's Dictionary of the Marine]
+* [http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Etymology/English/Steel(1794)_p161.html Steel: ''The Elements and Rigging and Seamanship'' (1794) from The Maritime History Virtual Archives]
+* [[Alpheus Hyatt Verrill|A. Hyatt Verrill]] ''[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/13510 Knots, Splices and Rope Work]'' from[[Project Gutenberg]]
+* Guide to Wire-Rope Splicing - [http://kayfelix.8td.com/splicing.pdf Mirror1] - [http://www.geocities.com/thelonelysailor/splicing.pdf Mirror2]
+* [http://home.new.rr.com/theys/ Photos of marlinspikes and fids]
-The easiest way to make an initial identification of a rope is to visit a hardware store where rope is sold.  The packaging will tell you what the rope is made of.  If you want to be sure, buy some of each type (with the labeling) or examine it closely in the store.
+[[Category:Splices]]
+[[Category:Knot types|Splices]]
-==5. What are some advantages and disadvantages of synthetic rope?==
+[[de:Spleißen (Seilkunde)]]
-==6. Do the following to rope:==
+[[fr:Épissure]]
-===a. Splice===
+[[fi:Pleissaus]]
-===b. Eye splice===
-===c. Back splice===
-===d. Finish the end of a rope with a double crown, whipping, or a Matthew Walker's knot.===
-==7. Make a six-foot piece of three-strand twisted rope from native materials or twine.==
-{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Knots/Making rope}}
-==8. From memory tie at least 20 of the following knots and know their common uses and limitations. Demonstrate how they are used.==
-===Anchor bend===
-===Bowline===
-{{knot_bowline| }}
-===Bowline on a bight===
-===Butterfly loop knot or Alpine Butterfly knot ===
-===Carrick bend ===
-===Cat's paw ===
-===Clove hitch ===
-{{Knot_clove_hitch}}
-===Constrictor knot ===
-===Crown knot ===
-===Double bow ===
-===Double sheet bend ===
-===Figure eight ===
-{{Knot_figure_8}}
-===Fisherman's bend ===
-===Fisherman's loop ===
-===Halter hitch ===
-===Hunter's bend ===
-===Lariat or Bowstring knot===
-===Lark's head===
-===Man harness knot===
-===Miller's knot===
-===Packer's knot===
-===Pipe hitch===
-===Prusik knot===
-===Sheepshank===
-{{Knot sheepshank}}
-===Sheet bend===
-{{Knot sheetbend}}
-===Slip knot===
-===Slipped half hitch===
-===Slipped sheet bend===
-===Square knot===
-{{Knot_square}}
-===Stevedore's knot===
-===Strangle knot===
-===Surgeon's knot===
-{{Knot surgeons}}
-===Tautline hitch===
-===Timber hitch===
-===Two half hitches===
-{{Knot_two_half_hitches}}
-==References==
-''[http://knottyingvideo.com "Why Knot? an introduction to knots, splices & rope"] DVD and rope available through [http://adventsource.org/dvdvideo_2.aspx?ID=377 AdventSource.org]. Every requirement is completely covered by this resource.
-''
-[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]