AY Honors/Weather - Advanced/Answer Key/es

Climatología - Avanzado
Asociación General Estudio de la naturaleza	Destreza: 2 Año de introducción: 1949

Requisitos

1

Tener la especialidad de Climatología.

Para consejos e instrucciones, véase Climatología.

2

Explicar las condiciones meteorológicas ciclónicas y anticiclónicas, y saber cómo se producen los cambios climáticos.

3

¿Cuáles son los frentes fríos y frentes cálidos? ¿Cómo se mueven y que condiciones meterológicas producen?

Cold Fronts

The symbol of a cold front: a blue line with triangles pointing in the direction of travel.

A cold front is defined as the leading edge of a cooler and drier mass of air. The air with greater density wedges under the less dense warmer air, lifting it, which can cause the formation a narrow line of showers and thunderstorms when enough moisture is present. This upward motion causes lowered pressure along the cold front. On weather maps, the surface position of the cold front is marked with the symbol of a blue line of triangles/spikes (pips) pointing in the direction of travel. Cold fronts can move up to twice as fast as warm fronts, and produce sharper changes in weather than warm fronts, since cold air is denser than warm air it rapidly replaces the warm air preceding the boundary. Cold fronts are typically accompanied by a narrow band of showers and thunderstorms. Cold fronts are usually associated with an area of low pressure, and sometimes, a warm front.

4

Explicar las siguientes condiciones meteorológicas:

4a

Vientos Chinook

4b

Vientos asilios

4c

Cinturón de calma

4d

Los tornados

4e

Zona de ráfagas y cambios violentos

4f

Tifones

4g

Los huracanes

4h

Borrascas

4i

Tormentas de nieve

5

Explicar la acción de un termómetro de registro, barógrafo de registro, higrómetro y un anemómetro.

Registering Thermometer

A Maximum Minimum thermometer, also known as Six’s thermometer after its inventor. The scales are Fahrenheit on the inside of the U and Celsius on the outside. The current temperature is 23 degrees Celsius, The maximum recorded is 25, and the minimum is 15, both read from the base of the small markers in each arm of the U tube. The bulbs are hidden by a plastic housing.

6

Leer correctamente un mapa meterológico diario según los datos publicados por el servicio meteorológico nacional, explicar los símbolos y decir cómo se hacen las predicciones.

7

¿Qué se enteinde por humedad relativa y el punto de rocío?

The amount of water that air can hold depends on the temperature. The hotter it gets, the more water the air can hold. At any given temperature, the air can become so saturated with water that it cannot hold any more. Water will not evaporate under this condition.

8

Dibujar una sección transversal de la atmósfera, mostrando sus cinco capas y describirlas.

The Earth's atmosphere consists, from the top down, of the exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and the troposphere.

9

Mantener un diario gráfico meteorológicas durante 3 semanas. Incluir lo siguiente:

This requirement is very similar to one found in the Explorer IA curriculum, except that Explorers are required to keep these records for two weeks and take readings twice a day. You can also combine these requirements with those in the Weather honor. If you forget to take records for a day, do not despair. As long as you have 21 readings, you can count this as three weeks.

9a

Cantidad de precipitación (tomar estos datos de algún dispositivo de fabricación casera o de documentos oficiales)

You can download a tracking chart here and give one to each of your students. http://www.pathfindersonline.org/pdf/resources/weather_tracking_chart.pdf

9b

Lectura de presión atmosférica/barómetro

If you decide to build a barometer, you can use official readings to calibrate it.

9c

La formación de las nubes

Note the cloud types (Cirrus, Stratus, Cumulus, or Nimbus).

9d

Temperaturas altas y bajas

Unless you have a registering thermometer or a digital thermometer that records the daily extremes, this will have to come from official records.

9e

Velocidad y dirección del viento

If you make your own anemometer, be aware that the reading will vary substantially throughout the day. Therefore, you should not be discouraged if your readings and the official readings to not agree.

9f

Pronósticos del clima y compararlos a lo que realmente ocurrió

When you record the day's weather, jot down the forecast as well. The comparisons can be made the next day or at the end of the three week period.

10

Discutir el efecto de la humanidad sobre el clima.

Man has a greater impact on the climate than on the weather. The weather is the day-to-day conditions, while the climate covers long term averages. Man's production of greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide) has had and is having an effect on the global climate. These changes affect rainfall (increases in some areas, decreases in others) and the severity of storms.

Note too that the temperature in the city is invariably warmer than the temperature in the outlying areas. This is mostly because of pavement which readily absorbs heat during the day and then releases it during the night.

Dams create reservoirs which facilitate more evaporation than if the river were allowed to flow naturally. This increases both humidity as well as rainfall.