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1. How are ferns different from flowering plants or trees?
Flowering plants (including trees) produce seeds, while ferns produce spores. A chief difference between spores and seeds is that spores have very little stored food resources compared with seeds, and thus require more favorable conditions in order to successfully germinate. Seeds, therefore, are more resistant to harsh conditions and require less energy. Spores are usually produced in large numbers to increase the chances of survival.
2. Where is the true stem of a fern? What part grows above the ground? What is the most favorable environment in which ferns grow?
3. How do ferns reproduce? Locate and describe three kinds of sori (from three kinds of ferns).
4. How do spores travel from the parent plant to a new location? How long does it take a spore to develop into a mature plant? Observe from live ferns or pictures how a young fern is different from an adult fern.
5. Know the medicinal uses of three ferns.
6. Draw or photograph ten kinds of ferns and properly identify them.
7. In addition to the common ferns there are fernlike plants known as club mosses and horsetails. Be able to recognize two club mosses and one horsetail. How are they similar to ferns?
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