AY Honors/Internet/Answer Key
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Investiture Achievement Connection: This Honor is related to the Investiture Achievement requirements for RANGER Spiritual Discovery which require a discussion of the World Wide Web in line with Requirements #5 and #8 of this Honor. |
1
1a
A vast collection of many independent, inter-connected computer networks that use the TCP/IP protocols and that developed from ARPANet of the late '60s and early '70s. "The Net," is a worldwide system of computer networks providing reliable and redundant connectivity between disparate computers and systems by using common transport and data protocols.
1b
Though World Wide Web (or simply Web for short) is a term frequently used (incorrectly) when referring to "The Internet", it has two major meanings: First, loosely used: the whole constellation of resources that can be accessed using Gopher, FTP, HTTP, telnet, USENET, WAIS and some other tools. Second, the universe of hypertext servers (HTTP servers), more commonly called "web servers", which are the servers that serve web pages to web browsers.
1c
A site on the World Wide Web where any number of computer users can type in messages to each other (chat) in real time, creating an online conversation. These messages usually appear on an area of the screen next to the user’s nickname or handle (your online nickname or the name you go by in a chat room). Most chat rooms have a particular topic (which you are expected to discuss) but there are some that are purely for meeting other people.
Beginning in the 2003, chat rooms began to give way to social media platforms such as MySpace, then later Facebook, Twitter Instagram, Snapchat, and Tiktok.
1d
To copy a file from a remote computer to your computer. There are a few methods of doing this on the Internet. HTTP, FTP and e-mail attachments are the most common. This term is also used when referring to moving pictures from a camera or other image device to a local computer.
1e
To move a digital file (such as a media file) from a local system to a server where it is stored for others to access or later retrieval. For example, web pages must be "uploaded" to a web server for them to be viewed on the World Wide Web.
The terminology for "upload" and "download" comes from the days of satellite communications. When an earth-bound terminal send data to the remote computer (the satellite), it was uploaded, as the direction of data travel was up. When the terminal received data from the satellite, it was downloaded, as the directin of data travel was down.
1f
One or more files (pages) stored on a computer (a "server") that can be accessed via the Internet. Every website has a "home page", which is generally designed as the file visitors first see when coming to the site and which gives an idea of the site's contents. All files on a website usually contain textual or graphical "links" that can be clicked using an input device such as a mouse to move to other files, either within the site or on another one.
1g
Email is similar to personal letters, only a lot faster. Email is used to send messages via your computer to friends and acquaintances around the world. Requires a computer, email software, an email account through an Internet Service Provider (ISP) and a modem. Technically, email (electronic mail) is the exchange of computer-stored messages by telecommunication.
Most email messages usually contain text, but you can also send non-text files, such as graphic images and sound files as attachments. Email accounts for a large percentage of the total traffic over the Internet. An email address is easily identified by the '@' symbol, for instance webmaster@pathfindersonline.org, making identification of the domain it's attached to much easier - in this case pathfindersonline.org
1h
Throughout this honor, the term “virus” represents the traditional virus, as well as trojans, worms, and other malicious code.
- Traditional virus
- In computer security technology, a virus is a self-replicating program that spreads by inserting copies of itself into other executable code or documents. Thus, a computer virus behaves in a way similar to a biological virus, which spreads by inserting itself into living cells. Extending the analogy, the insertion of the virus into a program is termed infection, and the infected file (or executable code that is not part of a file) is called a host.
- Trojan
- named after the Trojan horse used by the rescuers of Helen of Troy. A Trojan is a computer program that disguises itself as a useful software application that is actually used to gain access to your computer.
- Worm
- A computer worm is a self-replicating computer program. It uses a network to send copies of itself to other nodes (computers on the network) and it may do so without any user intervention. This is due to the poor security the computers infected have. Unlike a virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program. Worms almost always cause at least some harm to the network, if only by consuming bandwidth, whereas viruses almost always corrupt or modify files on a targeted computer.
2
2a
All are methods / techniques for reading email.
- Webmail
- Webmail is a web application that allows users to read and write e-mail using a web browser. Examples: Gmail is the most common webmail in use today. Hotmail.com, yahoo.com and many other online services offer you the option to view your email from their website. This is "webmail."
- POP3 mail
- Post Office Protocol 3. A protocol that provides a simple, standardized way for users to access mailboxes and download messages to their computers. Examples: Outlook Express, Outlook, Eudora, Mozilla Thunderbird*
- IMAP
- Internet Message Access Protocol'. IMAP is a method of distributing e-mail. It is different from the standard POP3 method in that with IMAP, e-mail messages are stored on the server, while in POP3, the messages are transferred to the client's computer when they are read. Thus, using IMAP allows you to access your e-mail from more than one machine, while POP3 does not. This is important because some email servers only work with some protocols. Example: AOL is an IMAP mail provider, though they also offer webmail services.*
These examples are accurate as of 10/2005. Please check Google.com or other search service to verify the accuracy of these examples currently.
2b
A program used to view, download, upload, surf or otherwise access documents (pages) on the World Wide Web. Browsers can be text-based meaning they do not show graphics or images but most however are text and graphical based. Browsers read "marked up" or coded pages (usually HTML but not always) that reside on servers and interpret the coding into what we see "rendered" as a Web page. Examples: Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Apple Safari are examples of Web browsers.
2c
Internet Relay Chat. A live chat area of the Internet in which real-time conversations among two or more people take place via special software. Each specific IRC channel begins with a # and is dedicated to a different area of interest. IRC is considered another part of the technology of the Internet the same way FTP, Telnet and the Web are.
An instant messenger is a client which allows instant text communication between two or more people through a network such as the Internet.
Examples include Windows Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger, ICQ client, Yahoo Messenger, and Jabber, as well as software programs that allow you to talk to friends on multiple “messenger” platforms simultaneously.
2d
Video or audio transmitted over a network that users can begin to play immediately instead of waiting for the entire file to download. Typically a few seconds of data is sent ahead and buffered in case of network transmission delays. (Although some data is buffered to the hard drive, it is written to temporary storage and is gone once viewing is complete.) RealMedia, QuickTime and Windows Media are the most common streaming formats.
2e
Internet search engines (e.g. Google, Bing) help users find web pages on a given subject. The search engines maintain databases of web sites and use programs (often referred to as "spiders" or "bots") to collect information, which is then indexed by the search engine. Similar services are provided by "directories," which maintain ordered lists of websites, e.g. Yahoo!
2f
A computer program designed to detect and respond to malicious software, such as viruses and worms. Responses may include blocking user access to infected files, cleaning infected files or systems, or informing the user that an infected program was detected. Such tools should be included as part of the computing systems environment that the web services are delivered from. Examples include Norton Antivirus, McAfee Antivirus, Trendmicro Antivirus. Online FREE antivirus tools includes Trendmicro's Housecall, and freea-v.com [1].
- Note
- Many of these companies also offer "Internet Security Suites" that assist the user in also blocking and removing trojans, worms, malware, and other malicious code.
1. ^ These software programs are leaders in antivirus technology as of 10/2005. Please check with online resources or local computer/office supply stores for the latest versions and programs available.
2g
A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network. Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and software, or a combination of both. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks connected to the Internet, especially intranets. All messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks those that do not meet the specified security criteria.
Examples include: ZoneAlarm, Microsoft Firewall, Norton Firewall, and many other free and for-pay packages.
3
3a
Include date/events surrounding its origin, the major landmark events, the birth and growth of web browsers (such as Mosaic, Netscape, Internet Explorer), and what it is doing today. Remember, this is not a history of computers, but rather a brief history of the Internet. You should list at least 2 online resources from which you found information relevant to your report.
3b
If you choose this option, you will need to present the same information as in option a. It's OK to use notecards during the oral presentation so that you can follow your outline and not have to memorize dates and other facts.
4
4a
- Opening an email attachment which was sent by an unknown contact.
- Clicking on a "pop-up" ad in a web page.
- Downloading from the Internet any file that contains a virus.
4b
The authors of virus and anti-virus programs are in a continual game of cat-and-mouse. Virus authors are constantly figuring out new ways to get around anti-virus programs, and anti-virus programs are continually updated to thwart the new viruses. The most successful virus programs are the ones most recently developed. If you do not keep your anti-virus software program up-to-date, your computer is vulnerable to the newest viruses.
4c
We might share a file to our friends or family through an email or device without knowing that the file contains virus. The virus might damage our friend's or family's computer or even thumb drive that we use to share files that might contain virus.
4d
Viruses can damage your files in the computer including software. The damaged software contains a copy of the virus, and can then spread to other computers. Many viruses will consume computing power on the host, bogging it down and making it unresponsive. They can attempt to infect other machines over the network, consuming the network's bandwidth and slowing down the Internet connection for all other users in the building (even computers that are not infected).
Many viruses completely take over the computer they infect and can be remotely controlled by the attacker. These attackers can then use the computer to send spam, or mount a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack against their target's web server or computer network. Sometimes these viruses record keystrokes on the infected computer so that they can capture usernames, passwords, and bank account numbers. This information can then be forwarded to the attacker who can either use the information or sell it to someone else.
5
- a. Never reveal personal information
- b. Remember that people may not be who they say they are.
- c. Never meet an online friend in the flesh for the first time without a parent present.
- d. Never respond to flames
- e. Stop immediately if you see or read anything that upsets you.
- f.Time each member of the family may spend on the internet per week. Set boundaries that encourage time for family, homework, and other necessary family activities.
- g. Types of websites that are acceptable/unacceptable to view. What are the principles that your family will use to determine what are acceptable? Base these principles on the Bible.
An agreement ready to sign has been prepared for you on the third page of the pdf of the Internet Honor requirements on the Pathfinders website: http://www.pathfindersonline.org/pdf/ayhonors/internet_a.pdf
6
6a
To save paper, it is recommended that rather than printing hard-copies of web pages, that the Pathfinder open the three web pages in separate tabs in the browser. A tab can be opened usually by right-clicking on the link and selecting the "Open page in another tab" option. In Firefox, clicking the link with the center mouse button (or using both the left and right buttons at the same time) will open the page in a new tab. Once three tabs have been opened, the instructor can check that the requirement has been met on-screen, without printing anything.
6b
- i. http://www.biblegateway.com is a great online bible resources, as is http://www.blueletterbible.org .
- ii. http://www.bible.com is another great Bible site with many versions in multiple languages.
- iii. There are thousands of quality Adventist websites, many of them referenced at http://www.plusline.org. Quality sites of interest to young adventists include:
6c
- i. Please use safe sites to download from, such as CNET’s download.com
pcmagazine.com church websites such as http://plusline.org, http://iiw.org, and http://adventist.org
7
7a
7b
7c
7d
- Do not reply to unknown emails or Spam. You’re simply verifying that yours is a “real” email address and you will immediately receive even more junk email.
- Do not open emails with attachments unless you are SURE that they’re okay, and that your antivirus program is fully updated (most are auto-updated these days).
- Report any material sent to you in email that is unsafe or that you feel breaks God’s laws.
- Never respond to "unsubscribe" directions in a spam or UCE (unwanted commercial email) message.
- Keep your computers operating system patches up to date. If you're using Windows, do this from the MS Windows Update site using the Windows Update function.
8
- “Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable——if anything is excellent or praiseworthy——think about such things.” Philippians 4:8
Some questions to guide a small group discussion on this text:
- What do you think the writer, the apostle Paul, would say this text meant for internet users today?
- What do you think God had in mind when he asked Paul to write down this text?
- What are some things on the internet that you make use of that match (are consistent with) this Bible text?
- What are some of the things that are on the internet that do not match (are inconsistent) with this Bible message?
- Why do you think this text is important to Christians today?
- What are some ways that we as a club can help each other apply this text to our daily lives?
- What do you think are some ways we can live lives that match (are consistent) with this text?
