AY Honors/Fungi/Answer Key

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5. Identify five fungus plant diseases.

6. Know what safety precautions to observe when handling fungi.

Flood conditions contribute to the growth and transmission of many kinds of fungi, some of which can cause sickness. Cleanup workers are at increased risk of exposure to airborne fungi and their spores because they often handle moldy building materials, decaying vegetable matter, rotting waste material, and other fungus-contaminated debris. The fungal material is carried into the respiratory tract when airborne particles are inhaled.

There are many different kinds of fungi, including mildew, molds, rusts, and yeasts. Most of these are harmless, but some can cause respiratory and other disorders when workers inhale or come into contact with fungi. Inhalation is the route of exposure of most concern to flood cleanup workers. The recommendations below offer strategies for workers renovating flooded buildings, homes, and structures to protect themselves while handling building materials that are visibly contaminated with fungi.

For workers cleaning up flooded buildings, homes, and other structures, excessive moisture or water accumulation indoors will encourage the growth of the fungi that are already present. Some fungi have the potential to cause adverse health effects such as allergic responses and asthma attacks. Individuals who are sensitive to molds may have signs and symptoms of allergic reactions such as nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, and wheezing. These individuals should minimize fungal exposure by wearing respirators, gloves, and eye protection. They should also seek to eliminate fungi, as described below. In addition, repeated or prolonged contact of the skin with flood water and continuous sweating can lead to fungal skin infections. These can be minimized or avoided by washing the skin with warm, soapy water and keeping it as dry as possible.

If a person experiences severe allergic or skin symptoms, or severe flu-like symptoms, he or she should seek medical advice. A health care provider can determine whether medication or any other precautions are necessary.

Tips to Remember

For anyone who may be exposed to mold and fungi:

Avoid breathing dust (fungal spores) generated by moldy building materials, crops, and other materials.
Consider using a disposable respirator as a minimum when working with moldy or damp hay, grain, compost, or building materials.
Consider discarding all water damaged materials. Articles that are visibly contaminated with mold should be discarded. When in doubt, throw it out.
Surfaces that have a light covering of mold should be scrubbed with warm, soapy water and rinsed with a disinfectant made of 1/2 cup liquid household bleach mixed into one gallon of water.
CAUTION: Do not mix bleach with other cleaning products that contain ammonia.
After working with mold-contaminated materials, wash thoroughly, including the hair, scalp, and nails.
If the safety of food or beverage is questionable, throw it out. Only drink safe drinking

water that has been bottled, boiled, or treated until there is confirmation that the community water supply is safe for consumption.

For additional information concerning fungi, health effects, and addressing flood damaged materials, please visit OSHA’s Safety and Health Topics web page on Molds and Fungi at: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/molds/index.html

References

AY Honors/Fungi/Answer Key

5. Identify five fungus plant diseases.

Fusarium oxysporum

Downy mildew

Botrytis (Leaf blight, Neck rot)

Alternaria alternata

Smut

Magnaporthe grisea

6. Know what safety precautions to observe when handling fungi.

Tips to Remember

References