AY Honors/Mountains/Answer Key
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1. Define the following terms:
- a. Orology
- The study of mountains.
- b. Mountain
- Highest point 1000 feet or more above base (U.S. definition); A natural elevation of the earth surface raising more or less abruptly from the surrounding level and attaining an altitude which, relatively to the adjacent elevation, is impressive or notable. (Oxford English Dictionary)
- c. Mountain range
- A chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by passes of valleys.
- d. Magma
- Molten rock beneath the surface of the earth.
- e. Volcano
- A vent in the surface of the earth through which magma and associated gases and ash erupt; also, the form of structure (usually conical) that is produced by the ejected material.
2. Tell three ways mountains have been formed.
Some mountains are produced by the movement of lithospheric plates several miles down deep in the earth. Compressional forces in continental collisions may cause the compressed region to thicken, so the upper surface is forced upwards. Some mountains are volcanoes while others are shaped by glacial processes.
Block mountains are formed when large areas are vertically displaced upwards by these compression forces deep in the earth, and remain in large chunks of rock or blocks.
Fold mountains occur when the uplifted top portions of earth fold over as the compression forces lift up sections of the earth.
Volcanoes are isolated mountains that were produced by molten rock being forced up through a vent in the surface of the earth. These mountains frequently have a cone shape.
Glacial mountains are shaped by the action of frozen glaciers that move down the sides of high rocky areas, scraping away softer rocks and carrying away loose rocky material.
3. Choose ten mountains, including 2 from near where you live, and tell what each ones name is, what its height is, where it is located, and what mountain range (if any) it is a part of. Try to choose mountains from as many different countries as possible.
4. Match each description to its correct answer:
| Description | Mountain |
|---|---|
| Underwater mountain range that goes around the world | Aconcagua |
| Highest mountains of each continent | Mt. Everest |
| Highest mountain in South America | Himalaya |
| Tallest mountain on earth | Mt. Mayon |
| Worlds longest mountain range | Ocean Ridge |
| Highest mountain in Japan | Damavand |
| Highest volcano in Asia | Mt. McKinley |
| Indians call it Denali, “The Great One” | Seven Summits |
| Mountain known for its “perfect cone” | Andes |
| Range with the highest mountains on earth | Mt. Fuji |
5. List at least four mountains mentioned in the Bible and tell what important events took place there:
a. Ararat
Noah’s ark came to rest there. Genesis 8:4
b. Mt. Carmel
Elijah offered sacrifices to God in front of King Ahab’s prophets of Baal on this mountain. 1 Kings 18:20
c. Sinai
God gave the ten commandments to Moses on this mountain. Exodus 19: 23 – 20: 3-17
d. Mt. Nebo
Moses died there. Deuteronomy 32: 48-50
6. Do the following activity:
a. Visit a mountain, and tell about your experience in one of these ways:
i. Tell someone a story about your visit
ii. Write a narrative story about your visit
iii. Make a video or Powerpoint presentation about your visit
iv. Make a picture scrapbook about your visit (this may be a group project)
b. If there is NOT a mountain in your state/province, you may watch a video about mountains.
i. summarize the video
ii. Create a multimedia presentation about the video
iii. Create a 3-D model of a mountain/volcano and demonstrate its eruption.
7. Choose one of the following verses about mountains and recite it:
a. Psalm 90:2
Before the mountains were brought forth,
Or ever You had formed the earth and the world,
Even from everlasting to everlasting, You are God.
b. Isaiah 52:7
How beautiful upon the mountains
Are the feet of him who brings good news,
“Your God reigns!”
Who proclaims peace,
Who brings glad tidings of good things,
Who proclaims salvation,
Who says to Zion,
c. Isaiah 55:12
“For you shall go out with joy,
And be led out with peace;
And all the trees of the field shall clap their hands.
The mountains and the hills
Shall break forth into singing before you,
