AY Honors/Model Railroad/Answer Key

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1. Give the history and development of model railroading.

2. Tell the difference in how the following prototype motive power units operate:

a. Steam

b. Diesel

c. Electric

3. Know the name, scale, and track gauge for four model railroad gauges.

The six most popular scales used are: G scale, Gauge 1, O scale, H0 scale (in Britain, the similarly sized 00 is used), TT scale, and N scale (1:160), although there is growing interest in Z scale. H0 scale is the single most popular scale of model railroad. Popular narrow-gauge scales include HOn3 Scale and Nn3, which are the same scale as HO and N, except with a narrower spacing between the tracks (in these examples, a scale three feet instead of the 4'8.5" standard gauge).

The words scale and gauge seem at first to be used interchangeably in model railways, but their meanings are different. Scale is the model's measurement as a proportion to the original, while gauge is the measurement between the two running rails of the track.

Name Scale Gauge
G scale 1:22.5 45 mm1.75 inches
Gauge 1 1:32 44.45 mm1.75 inches
0 scale 1:43 or 1:48 32 mm1.25 inches
H0 scale 1:87 16.5 mm0.65 inches
TT scale 1:120 12 mm0.47 inches
N scale 1:148 to 1:160 9 mm0.354 inches
Z scale 1:220 6.5 mm0.256 inches

4. Know the shapes and names of at least eight track plan arrangements.

5. Know at least six points to check for the maintenance of a model railroading layout.

6. Identify and explain the use of:

a. Five types of freight cars

Covered Hopper

Covered Hopper

Structurally, a covered hopper is very similar to an open­top hopper car. What distinguishes this type of car from an open hopper is the car's roof, and also the car's overall size. Covered hoppers typically carry loads of less dense, and therefore lighter, materials, so they are built to a higher cubic capacity than open top hoppers.

Box Car

More Info:

Container Car

Container cars

Gondola

Refrigerator Car

Stock Car

In railroad terminology, a stock car is a type of rolling stock used for carrying livestock (not carcasses) to market. A traditional stock car resembles a boxcar with slats missing in the car's side (and sometimes end) for the purpose of providing ventilation; stock cars can be single-level for large animals such as cattle or horses, or they can have two or three levels for smaller animals such as sheep, pigs, and poultry.

Tank Car

b. Three types of passenger cars

c. Three types of steam engines according to their wheel arrangement

d. Two types of grade crossing warning devices

e. Two types of railroad signals

f. Five types of railroad-related buildings or structures

7. Know the meaning of the following model railroad terms:

a. Ballast

b. Blind drivers

c. Block

d. Bolster

e. Crossing

f. Crossover

g. Double header

h. Draft gear

i. Flange

j. Frog

k. Gap

l. Gauge

m. Grade

n. Gravity yard

o. Hot box

p. Insulated rail joiner

q. Journal

r. Layout

s. Mainline

t. Prototype

u. Rail joiner

v. Reverse loop

w. Siding

x. Spur

y. Switch

z. Machine

aa. Talgo truck

bb. Truck

cc. Turnout

dd. Two-rail

ee. Wye

ff. Yswitch

gg. Yard

8. Construct a portion of a model railroad layout. In your construction, do the following:

a. Assist in assembling the framework

b. Install a section of ballast

c. Install a section of track

d. Install at least one turnout, including the wiring

e. Assist in making scenery, such as trees, rocks, mountains, or grass

f. Make one model railroading building or structure

g. Assist in the wiring to supply electrical power to the tracks

9. Successfully operate a model railroad train on the layout you have assisted in building.