AY Honors/Drumming & Percussion/Answer Key

A rudiment is a foundational drum pattern used as an exercise.

Informally it can mean any percussion exercise, but it is most commonly associated with snare drum patterns.

Rudiment Lists

There have been several attempts to formalise a recommended list of snare drum rudiments, especially among marching band instructors. The National Association of Rudimental Drummers (NARD), an organisation established to promote rudiment-based drumming, put forward a list of 26 rudiments.

If rudiments are to be used on a drumkit, the point of the rudiment is to end your fill on your left hand, ergo, leaving your right hand free to hit the cymbal. Much of the Rudiments are just multiple rudiments combined.

More recently, the Percussive Arts Society has extended this to a set of 40 "International Drum Rudiments".

They are

1. The Single Stroke Roll*
2. The Single Stroke Four
3. The Single Stroke Seven
4. The Multiple Bounce Roll
5. The Triple Stroke Roll
6. The Double Stroke Open Roll*
7. The Five Stroke Roll*
8. The Six Stroke Roll
9. The Seven Stroke Roll*
10. The Nine Stroke Roll*
11. The Ten Stroke Roll*
12. The Eleven Stroke Roll*
13. The Thirteen Stroke Roll*
14. The Fifteen Stroke Roll*
15. The Seventeen Stroke Roll
16. The Single Paradiddle*
17. The Double Paradiddle*
18. The Triple Paradiddle
19. The Single Paradiddle-Diddle
20. The Flam*
21. The Flam Accent*
22. The Flam Tap*
23. The Flamacue*
24. The Flam Paradiddle*
25. The Single Flammed Mill
26. The Flam Paradiddle-Diddle*
27. The Pataflafla
28. The Swiss Army Triplet
29. The Inverted Flam Tap
30. The Flam Drag
31. The Drag*
32. The Single Drag Tap*
33. The Double Drag Tap*
34. The Ratatap*
35. The Single Dragadiddle
36. The Drag Paradiddle 1*
37. The Drag Paradiddle 2*
38. The Single Ratamacue*
39. The Double Ratamacue*
40. The Triple Ratamacue*

Rudiments indicated with an asterisk above are those also found in the NARD list.

Hybrid Rudiments List

There are also many Hybrids that have been created over the years

They are

1. Alternating 3 stroke Herta
   
2. 4 stroke Herta
3. 5 stroke Herta
4. 4 stroke Herta (paradiddle sticking)
5. 5 stroke Herta (4 stroke sticking)
6. Alternating single 5
7. Alternating Single 7
8. 4 stroke Herta w/ upbeat accents
9. 4 stroke herta w/ 2/3 accents
10. single 5 stoke
11. Alternating single 5 with upbeat accents
12. Upbeat rolls
13. Upbeat single diddles
14. Paradiddles (several variations)
15. Double paradiddles (variations)
16. Paradiddle-diddles (variations)
17. Paradiddle-diddle-diddles
18. Upbeat and downbeat Grandmas
19. Alternating Single hand Tap Drag
20. Swiss tap drag
21. Triple stroke tap drag
22. Non Alternating Paradiddle
23. Dragadiddle
24. Tap Dragadiddle
25. 5 stroke paradiddle
26. Paradiddle w/ diddle on 4
27. Slurred 6 stroke Roll
28. Slurred 5 stroke roll
29. 6 stroke roll
30. Tap 5 stroke roll
31. Triple stoke roll (French)
32. Shirley Murphey
33. 3-2-1’s
34. Egg Beaters
35. Backwards Egg Beaters
36. Slevens
37. 4 stroke rolls
38. 3+paradiddle
39. Triple flam tap
40. Flam tap
41. Quadruple flam tap
42. Flim flam tap
43. Swiss Triplet
44. Swissy flam tap
45. Left up Swiss,
46. 4 note swiss
47. Flim-swiss
48. Swiss kick
49. Odd3/even 3
50. Flam 3+a
51. Swiss pug
52. Flam 3-2-1
53. Flama-flam tap
54. Flammed mill (variations)
55. Inverted Flam Taps
56. Flam Accents
57. 3 note inverts
58. Fubars
59. Triple fubars
60. Alternating Swiss triplet
61. Non Alternating flammed mill
62. 3 note flam-a-cue
63. Dachuta
64. Chuchuttas
65. Fli-flo-tap
66. Dachuchuh
67. Chuchuta+1
68. Single hand patta fla-fla
69. Single hand triple patty
70. Mill fla-fla
71. Flam Paradiddle
72. Par-flam-diddle
73. Paradid-flam
74. Flamacue-paradiddle
75. Fla-fla-diddle
76. Para-fla-fla
77. Pata-fla-fla paradiddle
78. Flam Drags
79. Flam drag-a-cue
80. Da-flam-drag
81. Non Alternating flam drag
82. Swiss flam drag
83. Flammed mill drag
84. Swiss flam drag+flamtap
85. Swiss flam drag-a-cue
86. Da-swiss drag
87. Swiss flam drag w/left up
88. Cheese flam accents
89. 3 stroke Cheese-a-cue
90. Da cheese
91. Flam 5
92. Flam 5-a-cue
93. Da flam 5
94. Non alternating cheese
95. Non alternating flam 5
96. Flam 2/3
97. Alt. Flam 2/3
98. Single flam drag
99. Alternating swiss flam drag
100. Non alternating cheeseadiddle
101. Cheese inverts
102. 3 stroke cheese inverts
103. Cheese fubars
104. 4 stroke cheese fubars
105. cheese chuchuttas
106. fli-flo cheese
107. Da chucheese
108. Non Alternating Cheese chuchutta
109. Cheese single hand patty
110. Cheese 5 single hand patty
111. 4 stroke swiss drag
112. fla-fla swiss drag
113. cheese-a-diddle
114. Flam drag Paradiddle
115. Flam 5 paradiddle
116. Flam 5 superdiddle
117. Cheese-a-flam tap
118. Cheese-a-cue flamadiddle
119. Cheese a diddle (variations)
120. Cheese 5 paradiddle (variations
121. Flam a single
122. Cheese a single
123. Cheese 5 a single
124. Flamadiddlediddle (variations)
125. Diddle a flam tap
126. Book Reports (variations)
127. Book Marks (variations)
128. Parcheesediddle
129. Funky cheese
130. Funky cheese inverts
131. Non Alternating funky cheese
132. Alternating flam thing
133. Alternating cheese thing
134. Alternating cheese 5 thing
135. Alternating flam 6 stroke thing
136. Alternating flam 7 swiss cheese
137. Swiss flam 5
138. 3-2 flam 5

Practical Use

Some rudiments are rather esoteric, such as the Single Flammed Mill and the Ratatap, and are used only in a very small number of drum parts. They can still provide valuable practice to all percussionists, however, as they exercise different degrees of hand-independence and fine stick control.

Others, such as the Flam, Drag and Paradiddle form the basis of a wide range of rhthms in orchestral, drum-kit and marching percussion. The Paradiddle in particular is very versatile, forming the basis of many popular music drum fills.

Open, Closed, Open

When used in auditions for orchestral gigs and school Honor Bands, rudiments are almost always performed in an Open, closed, open format.

External link

• Vic Firth - Drum rudiment essentials.