Especialidades JA/Mejoramiento de la comunidad/Respuestas
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Urbanization is the shift from a rural to increasing numbers of people living in cities. Urbanization is not merely a modern phenomenon, but a rapid and historic transformation of human social roots on a global scale, whereby predominantly rural culture is being rapidly replaced by predominantly urban culture.
From the development of the earliest cities in Mesopotamia and Egypt until the 18th century, an equilibrium existed between the vast majority of the population who engaged in subsistence agriculture in a rural context, and small centres of populations in the towns where economic activity consisted primarily of trade at markets and manufactures on a small scale. Due to the primitive and relatively stagnant state of agriculture throughout this period the ratio of rural to urban population remained at a fixed equilibrium.
With the onset of the agricultural and industrial revolution in the late 18th century this relationship was finally broken and an unprecedented growth in urban population took place over the course of the 19th century, both through continued migration from the countryside and due to the tremendous demographic expansion that occurred at that time. In England, the urban population jumped from 17% in 1801 to 72% in 1891 (for other countries the figure was: 37% in France, 41% in Prussia and 28% in the United States).
Urbanization rapidly spread across the Western world and, since the 1950s, it has begun to take hold in the developing world as well. At the turn of the 20th century, just 15% of the world population lived in cities. According to the UN the year 2007 witnessed the turning point when more than 50% of the world population were living in cities, for the first time in human history.
Urbanization is occuring because people are drawn to cities for a better lifestyle and economic opportunities. Cities are known to be places where money, services, wealth and opportunities are centralized. Many rural inhabitants come to the city for reasons of seeking fortunes and social mobility. Businesses, which provide jobs and exchange capital are more concentrated in urban areas. Whether the source is trade or tourism, it is also through the ports or banking systems that foreign money flows into a country, commonly located in cities.
People that move to urban areas may find that:
- They are no longer able to grow their own food, placing them at risk of hunger
- Jobs may be harder to find than anticipated, especially in an economic downturn.
- Social networks are stronger in rural areas where there is less movement between places, while urban living can leave one feeling isolated as people move in and out. It can be lonely in a crowd.
- Crime of all kinds is higher in cities.
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You can read these chapters here: http://www.whiteestate.org/books/mh/mh12.html and here: http://www.whiteestate.org/books/mh/mh13.html
Here is an example summary of the key points written by a contributor to the answer key.
Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Outreach/Community Improvement/R4 Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Outreach/Community Improvement/R4a
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Explaining the plan you wrote for Requirement 8 would nicely fulfill this Requirement.
Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Outreach/Community Improvement/R6
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The requirement does not state that this must be a Seventh-day Adventist Church (or one of your denomination). It might be more interesting to visit another type of church.
This requirement seems out of place in an honor called Community Development.
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This proposal would be a good basis for the presentation in Requirement 5. It could also cover the activity you choose for Requirement 6 if you decide to organize your own activity.
The sister ADRA version of this honor gives suggested projects- planting trees, cleaning parks or yards, repainting public walls. The plan should describe the activity, group size, transportation logistics, and materials.
Getting your plan down in writing will help you stay on track and give you a better understanding of what you will need to accomplish your goals. This paper can be presented to local businesses in an effort to gain funding for your project. They are far more likely to donate generously to your program if you have a plan in place and can demonstrate specific needs.
EXAMPLE PROPOSAL
Project Title: Fishtrap Creek Cleanup and Signing Project
Ibjective: Clean all trash from a 1 km section of Fishtrap Creek, install Salmon Habitat signs, and paint fish reminders near storm drains in the surrounding catchment area. The signa will help keep the creek cleaner in the future.
Project Date: Sunday August 15, 2014 10am-4pm
Location: Fishtrap Creek, Abbotsford, BC meet at Fishtrap Creek Park parking lot.
Participants: Mt Cheam Pathfinder and Adventurers Clubs, Geocaching.com members. Based on club size and success of recent CITO events we expect 40-60 people, on the upper end if no rain.
Proposed Sponsors:
A) City of Abbotsford Public Works Department - will provide trash bags and large garbage bin. Contact: Susan Smith 604-555-1234
B) Tim Hortons Abbotsford Center - Donuts and coffee and hot chocolate in bulk. Contact Mark Jones 604-555-4321
C) Fraser Valley Stream Stewardship Society - will provide Salmon Habitat signs to install and fish stencils and paint for storm drains in area.
Advertising Plan: CITO event on Geocaching.com Annoucement on Pathfinder Club facebook page and at meeting. Email to sister clubs in the Fraser Valley to invite them to join too.
Transportation: All participants are expected to arrange their own transport.
Equipment: All participants should bring work gloves and wear appropriate clothing. The City of Abbotsford will supply safety vests for anyone working along a street. Cameron will bring cordless drill and painting supplies.
Budget: with all labor, equipment and supplies donated we do not require a budget.
Honor Requirements: Several honor requirements will be met by this activity. Various Pathfinders are working on Environmental Conservation, accumulating community service hours, and doing a stream survey.
References
