AY Honors/Fire Safety/Answer Key

9. Discuss how the following Bible verses apply to fire safety, both temporally and spiritually.

b. James 3:5, 6

1. Have the Red Alert Honor

     a. Complete the Red Alert Honor before beginning this honor.

2. Tour a fire station or listen to a firefighter give a talk to your club or school..

a. Find a nearby fire station (which can be in the community, at an airport, or a Park/Forestry Service station) and arrange to have your group tour their facility or have someone come and speak to your group about what they do, how they do it, and maybe a story about an incident that could have been prevented. If you expect a fireman to teach any of the requirements for this honor, let them know ahead of time and give them the requirements.

3. Organize and conduct a fire drill at a school, church, or other public building. Develop an exit map for one of the buildings. What information should be put on the Exit map?

a. Work with your principle or superintendent on this requirement. They are often in charge of these activities and may already have a proper procedure. Ask to help them with one of the drills, explaining why. After the fire drill it would be a good idea to have them explain why they use the procedure that they used. Make maps for exit routes and post them throughout the school, if they are not already there. If they are already in place review them and have the principle or superintendent explain how they work.

b. What information should be put on the Exit map? i. Show primary route/routes using colored lines. ii. Show secondary route/routes using a different color for the lines. iii. Show locations of fire alarm pull stations. iv. Show locations of fire extinguishers. v. Make a map of each floor and label it for that floor.

4. What are smoke and carbon monoxide (CO) detectors and how do they work?

       There are three types of carbon monoxide detectors that can be used, Metal Oxide, Biomimetic and 
       Electrochemical. The Biomimetic detector can be powered by a battery and is most common one in use for the 
       Home. This is a gas alarm and is activated when carbon monoxide clings to a gel which causes the gel to 
      darken in color and activate the alarm.

       d. Proper placement of a carbon monoxide (CO) detector is important. If you are installing only one carbon 
       monoxide detector, it is recommended that it be located near the sleeping area, where it can wake you if you are 
       asleep. Additional detectors on every level and in every bedroom of a home provides extra protection against 
       carbon monoxide poisoning.

       Homeowners should remember not to install carbon monoxide detectors directly above or beside fuel burning
       appliances, as appliances may emit a small amount of carbon monoxide upon start-up. A detector should not be
       placed within fifteen feet of heating or cooking appliances or in or near very humid areas such as bathrooms.

5. Fire Extinguishers - Complete all of the following

a. There are 5 different classes of fire. They are A, B, C, D, and K.

                   i. Class A fires are fires with fuels that are normal combustibles. 
   	           These include wood, clothing, etc. They can be extinguished many different ways. Common 
  	           extinguishing methods are water. Extinguishers that can be used to extinguish Class A fires are A 
 	           and ABC extinguishers.

                  ii. Class B fires are fires that involve fuels including oil, gas, kerosene, etc. These fires require more 
                      effort and much different methods to put them out. Common extinguishing methods are B and ABC 
                      extinguishers. However, if not available, any soil not soaked in the above liquids will do.

                  iii. Class C fires are fires that involved electricity. It can have any fuel. It is best to put this fire out by 
                      first shutting off the source of electricity. This turns the fire into either a Class A, B, or K fire, 
                      which can then be put out as prescribed for each class. 

                     If the power cannot be turned off for some reason. Use B, C, or ABC extinguishers. DO NOT USE 
                     WATER!  YOU WILL BE ELECTROCUTED! After extinguishing the fire, you still have the issue 
                     of dangerous electrical current to deal with, along with the possibility of the fire reigniting.  Call 
                     proper authorities immediately if the problem cannot be solved.

                  iv. Class D fires are combustible metals. These burn because of chemical interaction. An example of 
                     this would be sodium and water. Sodium reacts violently when water is introduced. Class D 
                     extinguishers vary for each combustible metal. If you have a combustible metal in a work 
                     environment, OSHA (in the United States) requires that you have the proper extinguishing agent on 
                     hand to deal with any combustion. Never use water to extinguish Class D fires. There are safer 
                     methods of extinguishing, such as Class D extinguishers.

                  v. Class K fires are a newer classification used specifically for cooking oils. Water should not be used 
                     to extinguish Class K fires. Oil floats on top of water and the reacts violently with the cold water, 
                     splashing everywhere, thus spreading the fire beyond the original confines of a pot or pan. Class K 
                     extinguishers are available. However, often an extinguishing system is used instead of an
                     extinguisher for Class K fires. Wax.

b. The instructor should be certified or at least work in an area that utilizes fire extinguishers often (such as an

   inspector or firefighter).  The fire should be no bigger than one (1) cubic foot in size and should be in a safe 
   area (like an empty parking lot).  The acronym used for teaching the use of a fire extinguisher is PASS.

i. Pull the pin (sometimes a safety tab to keep the pin from falling out must be broken first). ii. Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire. iii. Squeeze the handle of the extinguisher to start spraying the extinguishing agent. iv. Sweep the nozzle at the base of the fire until certain the fire is out.

c. If the fire is not extinguished when the first extinguisher is used up, do not retrieve another extinguisher

    and try again. Evacuate yourself and any remaining individuals from the building. You should have already 
    pulled a fire alarm (if there is one) the moment you were sure there was a fire.

   	    An escape route for yourself is extremely important to keep in mind when attempting to fight or extinguish 

a fire. If you become trapped while trying to be heroic, you have not helped emergency personnel. Instead,

	    you have added to the things they must do. Now they have to find and try to save you as well as fight the 

fire.

d. Have an inspector show you what to look for when inspecting a fire extinguisher. Then, either with the

   inspector or with another responsible adult, go around the building and check at least five (5) fire 
   extinguishers in your school, church, or other public building.

6. Perform a fire safety inspection of your house and present your findings to your parents. Then perform a fire safety inspection of one of the following and present your findings to the leaders of the institution. Be prepared to give suggestions and answer questions that arise.

            a. Have a person who does inspections explain how you should inspect your home and an industrial building. 
               Ask them for things that they check for or maybe even a copy of the list that they use. Then either follow
               them on their inspection or with another adult inspect your church or school. You can be trusted to inspect 
               your own house, though a parent and an inspector might help if you ask. When finished with your   
               inspections let your parents and the leaders of your church or school know what you found. If you have  
               suggestions, now is the time to give them. 

           b. Also be prepared to explain any issues and or questions that come up during your report.

7. What precautions must you take before starting a camp or trash fire?

            a. Obtain the proper fire permits as required in your area.

            b. Clear a ten (10) foot area around the entire fire ground. Nothing should be in that ten-foot area. No trash, 
                no leaves, no branches, and no contaminated earth. Let nothing that can burn be left in this area. 

            c. Have enough extinguishing agent nearby to completely extinguish the fire at its largest volume (Water,  
               dirt). Stir the coals to smother the fire on all sides.

            d. Do not use gasoline or other flammable liquid to start the fire.
          
            e. Do not allow children or adults to play with the fire once it is started.
   
8. Memorize the following Bible verses:
   
a. Isaiah 43:2

i. “When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee; and through the rivers, they shall not

    overflow thee: when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned; neither shall the flame 
    kindle upon thee.”  -King James Version

b. James 3:5, 6

i. “Even so the tongue is a little member, and boasteth great things.

   Behold, how great a matter a little fire kindleth! And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity: so is 
   the tongue among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course of 
   nature; and it is set on fire of hell.”    -King James Version