AY Honors/Bones, Muscles, and Movement/Answer Key

What's the difference between exoskeletons and endoskeletons? Which type of skeleton do humans have?

An exoskeleton is a hard shell on the outside of a creature (such as an insect or a lobster). An endoskeleton is the system of bones on the inside of a creature (such as a human, dog, cat, or a bird).

List three functions of the skeletal system.

The skeletal system provides support to a body. Without a skeleton, a creature would be a shapeless blob. The marrow inside bones produces blood cells. The skeletal system protects the internal organs from physical harm. Bones serve as a place where the body can store minerals for later use. Bones also serve as levers against which the muscles pull to accomplish motion.

Is bone a living tissue? Explain why or why not.

Bone is living tissue. Were it not so, it could not produce blood cells, nor could bones heal after being broken. Bones cells continually regenerate themselves.

Identify the following bones of the skeletal system.

Carpals, clavical (collar bone), cocyx (tail bone), cranium, femur, fibula, humerus, mandible, maxillary bones, metacarpals, metatarsals, patella, pelvis, phalanges, radius, ribs, scapula (shoulder blade), sternum (breast bone), tarsals, tibia, ulna, and vertebrae.

List three types of joints found between bones.

=Name and describe six types of freely movable joints. Be able to locate an example of each of these in your body.=

Be creative and construct a model of one of the six freely movable joints.

=What is another name for a broken bone? List 3 types of breaks that can occur in bones. Describe how bones heal and how doctors can help this process.=

=What is osteoporosis? Who can get it? List at least 5 health habits that deal with maintaining healthy bones and muscles.=

Be able to identify the following muscles on your body:

Masseter, Trapezius, Deltoid, Pectoralis, Biceps, Abdominal, Quadriceps, Triceps, Latissimus dorsi, Gluteus maximus, Hamstrings, Gastroenemius, and Soleus.

Describe the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles.

=Using your model in #9, show how muscles, bones, and joints work together to produce movement.=

=Find 3 texts in the Bible that mention bones and/or muscles. Tell about each one in your own words.=