Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Welding/Answer Key/es"

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< AY Honors‎ | WeldingAY Honors/Welding/Answer Key/es
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<!--{{Honor Master|honor={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|1|3}}|master=Technician}}-->
 
<!--{{Honor Master|honor={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|1|3}}|master=Technician}}-->
 
<section begin="Body" />
 
<section begin="Body" />
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<noinclude></noinclude>
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==Se requiere un instructor calificado de soldadura.==
 +
La especialidad de Soldadura es quizás de todas las especialidades JA la que tiene el mayor potencial de causar heridas. Si se hace incorrectamente, también puede crear equipo inseguro (vea la nota de requisitos al final) '''''No intente enseñarse solo como soldar'''''. Se necesita un instructor experimentado para esta especialidad.</noinclude>
  
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
<!-- 1. Identificar todas las partes de lo siguiente: -->
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<!-- 1. Completar con éxito un mínimo de tres horas de instrucción.* -->
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<noinclude></noinclude>
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
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<noinclude></noinclude>
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<!-- 2. Identificar las siguientes herramientas: -->
 +
 
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
 
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2a}}
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- a. Careta de soldar -->
 +
 
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2a -->
 +
 
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2b}}
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- b. Alambre de soldadura GMAW -->
 +
 
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2b -->
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 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2c}}
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<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- c. Fuente de alimentación SMAW -->
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1a}} <!--T:56-->
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2c -->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2d}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- d. Regulador de gas de soldadura -->
  
{{clear}}
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<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2d -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2e}}
A cutting torch has several nozzles arranged in a circle, which emit an oxygen/acetylene mix (like the welding torch). In the center of this circle of nozzles is a larger hole where only oxygen is emitted. The outer holes heat the steel, and the inner hole cuts.
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<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
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<!-- e. Antorchas de soldadura GMAW -->
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1a -->
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2e -->
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1b}} <!--T:6-->
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 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2f}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- f. Enchufe de 220 voltios -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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<noinclude></noinclude>
The pressure regulators enable the user to reduce the high pressure contained in the cylinder to a usable working pressure. There are several handling and set up procedures that are important to the overall operation of the pressure regulator. The pressure regulator on each tank shows two things:
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2f -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2g}}
* Cylinder pressure (How much gas is in the cylinder)
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<noinclude></noinclude>
* Working or line pressure
+
<!-- g. Antorcha de plasma -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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<noinclude></noinclude>
Installing the regulators
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2g -->
</div>
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
* Before installing the regulator, crack the cylinder valve to clean out any dirt or dust.
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
* Mount the regulator onto the cylinder.
+
<!-- 3. Explicar los siguientes términos: -->
* Ensure that the oxygen pressure regulator is on the oxygen tank.
 
* Do not over tighten regulator nut.
 
* Before opening the cylinder valve ensure that the pressure regulator screws are released (turned out).
 
* Never use oil or grease on the regulators.
 
* Frictional heat as a result of high pressures can cause oil to ignite and possibly cause an explosion.
 
</div>
 
  
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1b -->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1c}} <!--T:11-->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3a}}
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- a. Soldadura por fusión -->
  
{{clear}}
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<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3a -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3b}}
* Red = Fuel
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<noinclude></noinclude>
* Green = Oxygen
+
<!-- b. Electrodo -->
* Do not kink hoses
 
* Keep hoses away from work area
 
* Wrap hoses when not in use
 
* Keep hoses away from sparks and hot metal
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
;Hose fittings:
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3b -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3c}}
* Acetylene fitting are notched
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<noinclude></noinclude>
* Acetylene fittings are left hand thread
+
<!-- c. Oxidación -->
* Oxygen fittings are smooth
 
* Oxygen fittings are right hand thread
 
* Both tanks should always be fitted with anti flash back arrestors
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3c -->
</div></noinclude>
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1c -->
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1d}} <!--T:16-->
 
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 
</noinclude>
 
The oxygen and acetylene cylinders are designed to hold high-pressure gases. There are some important things to remember when using these cylinders:
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3d}}
* Cylinders must always be stood upright and be secured by a chain
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<noinclude></noinclude>
* When not in use (regulator mounted) they must always have a valve protection cap in place
+
<!-- d. Escoria -->
* Cylinders should be stored in a cool dry place away from direct sunlight or extreme cold
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
;Oxygen Cylinders:
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3d -->
* Usually black in color, smaller in diameter and taller than Acetylene
 
* 2200 PSI when full
 
* The cylinder valve must be opened fully (double seated valve) or it could leak!
 
* You should not run an oxygen tank below 50 PSI.
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3e}}
;Acetylene Cylinders:
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
* Usually red , large in diameter and short
+
<!-- e. Aleación -->
* 250 PSI when full
 
* The cylinder valve should only be opened ¼ of a turn.
 
* The acetylene cylinder should never be laid down as this will result in the gas becoming unstable.
 
* You should not run an acetylene tank below 50 PSI.
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
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<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3e -->
</div></noinclude>
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1d -->
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 1 -->
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=2}}
 
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 
</noinclude>
 
<!-- 2. Explain the safe working pressures of oxygen and acetylene, as per your instruc­tor's directions, for various procedures.  -->
 
When welding and brazing with an oxy-acetylene torch, acetylene should be set at 5psi. Oxygen should be set at 5 or 6psi, but no more.
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
When cutting with an oxy-acetylene torch, acetylene should again be set at about 5psi. Oxygen, however is set much higher, about 25psi, when cutting.
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- 4. Escoger y describir un proceso de soldadura por fusión. -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
===OXY ACETYLENE START UP PROCEDURE:===
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4a}}
These steps must be followed to ensure safe usage of this equipment.
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- a. ¿Cómo se genera el calor? -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
# Make sure pressure regulator screws are released (turned out) on both tanks.
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4a -->
# Standing to the side of the regulator, Slowly open the oxygen cylinder valve fully
 
# Standing to the side of the regulator, Slowly open the Acetylene cylinder valve ¼ turn
 
# With the welding or cutting adjustment valves open, quickly adjust the working pressure to the desired amount
 
</div>
 
  
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4b}}
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- b. ¿Por qué se agrega el metal de aportación? -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
===OXY ACETYLENE SHUT DOWN PROCEDURE:===
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4b -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4c}}
After the equipment has been used these steps must be followed to ensure safe storage:
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- c. Describir cómo el metal fundido está protegido de la oxidación. -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
* Close both cylinder valves
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4c -->
* Open the welding or cutting attachment valves to release regulator pressure
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
* Release pressure regulator adjustment screws
 
* Wrap up hoses
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
====PROCEDURE:====
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- 5. Nombrar por lo menos un proceso de corte térmico y otro mecánico. -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
Setting up the torch:
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5a}}
# Make sure the regulator adjusting screws on both the oxygen and acetylene regulators are backed out fully counter – clockwise
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
# Open the acetylene cylinder valve ¼ to ½ turn
+
<!-- a. Describir cómo funciona cada uno. -->
# Open the torch acetylene valve about ½ turn. The acetylene valve lines up with the red hose
 
# Turn the acetylene regulator adjusting screw clockwise until 5 pounds pressure is read on the low pressure gauge
 
# Close the torch acetylene valve
 
# Open the oxygen cylinder valve all the way until the valve stops<br>Stand out of the way of the gauges when opening the oxygen bottle to prevent serious injury if the regulator valve fails
 
# Open the torch oxygen valve about ½ turn<br>The oxygen valve lines up with the green hose
 
# Turn the oxygen regulator adjusting screw clockwise until 5 pounds pressure is read on the low pressure gauge
 
# Close the torch oxygen valve
 
# Before lighting and using the torch, check the system for leaks
 
# Close the cylinder valves. If a cylinder gauge shows a pressure drop, there is a leak.
 
# If a leak is indicated, listen, smell and touch around all fittings and hoses, or use soapy water to find the leak.
 
</div>
 
  
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5a -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5b}}
====LIGHTING & ADJUSTING:====
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- b. Discutir las ventajas y limitaciones relativas de cada uno. -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
*Proper eye protection must be worn (shaded torch welding / cutting glasses)
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5b -->
*Proper non – flammable coveralls must be worn
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
*Remove butane lighters from pockets
 
</div>
 
  
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- 6. Demostrar un conocimiento de los riesgos y peligros asociados con la soldadura y el corte, y los pasos para prevenirlos o reducirlos. -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
# Put on proper eye protection and protective clothing
 
# Open the torch fuel valve no more than ½ turn
 
# Position the tip of the torch down and away from your body and hold the striker in your other hand so only the head of the striker is in front of the torch tip<br>Practice using the striker with the fuel shut off
 
# Use the striker to light the torch<br>Never use a lighter, matches, or other burning material to light the torch
 
# Adjust the torch fuel valve until the flame gives off little black smoke
 
# Slowly open the torch oxygen valve to create a neutral flame
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6a}}
Neutral flame: (equal amounts of oxy/acetylene) has a rounded white inner cone used for fusion welding steel.
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- a. Corriente eléctrica -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
Carburizing flame: (less oxygen) has a longer feathered blue inner cone a slightly carbonizing flame is used for brazing.
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6a -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6b}}
Oxidizing flame: (excessive oxygen) has a short pointed white inner cone used for special purposes such as brazing with bronze filler rod.
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- b. Temperaturas altas -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
====SHUTTING DOWN:====
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6b -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6c}}
# Shut off the torch fuel valve first, which immediately extinguishes the flame
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
# Shut off the torch oxygen valve
+
<!-- c. Radiación ultravioleta -->
# Close the acetylene cylinder valve
 
# Close the oxygen cylinder valve
 
# Bleed the acetylene line by opening the torch acetylene valve until the pressure reads zero on both the high and low pressure gauges<br>(If the torch will be left for more than a few minutes and then reused, both lines must be bled before lighting the torch again)
 
# Turn the acetylene pressure regulating screw counter – clockwise all the way out
 
# Close the torch acetylene valve
 
# Bleed the oxygen line by opening the torch oxygen valve until the pressure reads zero on both the high and low pressure gauges
 
# Turn the oxygen pressure regulating screw counter – clockwise all the way out
 
# Close the torch oxygen valve
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
'''There will be no horseplay.'''
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6c -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6d}}
<noinclude>
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
+
<!-- d. Vapores tóxicos -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
 
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 
</noinclude>
 
<!-- 3. While blindfolded, demonstrate ability to hook up an entire oxyacetylene kit, including tanks, gauges, hoses, and torches, and light the same.** -->
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
This requirement demonstrates one's skill in working in darkness, such as in an emergency. All acetylene connection threads are left-handed, while all oxygen connection threads are right-handed.
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6d -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6e}}
<noinclude>
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
+
<!-- e. Maquinaria en movimiento/con hojas de cortar -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
 
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 
</noinclude>
 
<!-- 4. As per your instructor's directions, weld two mild steel test plates (1/8 inch x 1 inch x 8 inches) (0.3 cm x 2.5 cm x 20.3 cm) in horizontal, and vertical positions. -->
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6e -->
</div></noinclude>
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=5}}
 
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 
</noinclude>
 
<!-- 5. Use a cutting torch and demonstrate your skill by making one 12 inches (30.5 cm) straight-line cut, one circle cut of at least 3 inches (7.6 cm) in diameter and one 3 inch (7.6 cm) star cut. The cuts are to be made on mild steel plate at least 1/4 inch (0.6 cm) thick. -->
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6f}}
<noinclude>
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div></noinclude>
+
<!-- f. Gases de alta presión -->
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 5 -->
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=6}}
 
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 
</noinclude>
 
<!-- 6. Demonstrate your ability to braze a cast-iron object with at least 1/4 inch (0.6 cm) double bevel butt weld 2 inches (5 cm) long. -->
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6f -->
</div></noinclude>
 
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 6 -->
 +
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
+
<!-- 7. Describir el equipo de seguridad requerido para varios procesos de soldadura y corte por fusión. -->
<!-- 7. Explain the safety precautions and safety equipment normally used in electric welding in relation to eyes, hands, and exposed skin areas. Why should the tank valves never be oiled? -->
+
 
</div>
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
 
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7a}}
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- a. Protección para la cabeza/los ojos -->
 +
 
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7a -->
 +
 
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7b}}
 +
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- b. Vestimenta -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
===SAFETY EQUIPMENT===
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7b -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7c}}
The correct safety equipment must be used when using the oxy acetylene equipment or electric welding.
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</div>
+
<!-- c. Guantes -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
* Wear shaded safety glasses
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7c -->
* Use gloves during torch operation and when handling hot metals
+
 
* Follow all safety rules for this and all other equipment
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7d}}
</div>
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
 +
<!-- d. Oídos -->
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
===OXY-ACETYLENE SAFETY===
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7d -->
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=7e}}
* You must be trained and authorized before using the oxy-acetylene torch
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
* Make sure you do not have a lighter in your pocket – they can explode!
+
<!-- e. Filtración/ventilación -->
* Ensure gas bottles are upright and secure at all times
 
* Do not allow oil or grease to come in contact with hoses or equipment
 
* Perform all welding and cutting in the welding area – ventilation must be turned on
 
* Approved goggles and spark resistant clothing must be worn when using the oxy-acetylene torch
 
* Do not weld or cut a closed container
 
* Make sure the work area is clear
 
* Open the cylinder valves slowly – stand to the side!
 
* Light the torch with the striker – do not use a match or a lighter
 
* When welding, bend the end of the rod to identify the hot end and to prevent eye injury
 
* When finished turn off the torch valves, turn off cylinder valves, then go back to the torch and bleed both lines
 
* Keep the cylinder caps on when not in use
 
</div>
 
  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
<noinclude>
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7e -->
</div></noinclude>
 
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
 
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 7 -->
 +
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
 
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=8}}
<noinclude><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+
<noinclude></noinclude>
</noinclude>
+
<!-- 8. Para el proceso de soldadura GMAW o SMAW, demostrar la capacidad de usar las pautas de la soldadura, tales como las tablas de manuales, para seleccionar los parámetros adecuados del proceso de soldadura, incluyendo el amperaje adecuado y el tipo/tamaño de electrodo para varios tipos y espesores de un metal seleccionado. -->
<!-- 8. Explain the difference between oxyacetylene and electric arc welding. -->
 
Oxy-acetylene welding uses two gases in the process of producing a weld. Acetylene, which is the fuel and is the main source of heat, and oxygen, which is a propellant.
 
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Electric arc welding does not use gas to produce a weld like oxy-acetylene welding does. Electric arc welding uses an electric current to produce its welds. A clamp, with the one side of the current flowing through it, is attached to a base plate. Then the another clamp/nozzle, with the other side of the current flowing through it, is held in a hand. A filler rod is then used to complete the circuit and create the heat needed to heat the pieces of metal being joined and melt the filler rod (used to bind the pieces of metal together).
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<!-- 9. Explicar y demostrar el arreglo adecuado del equipo y la selección de consumibles para por lo menos un proceso de soldadura. -->
<!-- 9. Demonstrate ability to select from an electrode guide the proper amperage and electrode for various types and thicknesses of metal. -->
 
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<!-- 10. Describir todos los componentes del equipo a utilizar y su función. -->
<!-- 10. Demonstrate ability to weld flat, vertical, horizontal, and overhead on (1/8 inch x 1 inch x 8 inches) (0.3 cm x 2.5 cm x 20.3 cm) mild steel test plates. -->
 
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<!-- c. Soldadura por arco de metal y gas (GMAW) -->
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<!-- Nota: *Debe pasar un examen de conocimiento al finalizar. ^ Estos son los requisitos mínimos; se recomienda soldadura adicional -->
<!-- Note: An instructor is a must. Welding is a very critical and serious skill to learn and is not a home-type course. Welding essentially takes the place of bolts and rivets, and if not properly done, is most dangerous. Example: A trailer hitch not properly bond­ed, or machinery exposed to the strain of pull or weight, is an invitation to disaster. <br>Note: This requirement demonstrates one's skill in working in darkness, such as in an emergency. All acetylene connection threads are left-handed, while all oxygen connection threads are right-handed.  -->
 
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==References==
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==Referencias==
* [http://www.tpub.com/content/construction/14250/ Steelworker, Volume 1], A U.S. Navy Training Manual. As an original document produced by the U.S. government, this publication is in the public domain and has a lot of information that should be incorporated into this text.
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[[Category:AY Honors/noindex{{GetLangSuffix}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
 
[[Category:AY Honors/noindex{{GetLangSuffix}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]

Latest revision as of 14:50, 21 March 2023

Other languages:
English • ‎español
Soldadura

Nivel de destreza

3

Año

1978

Version

28.04.2024

Autoridad de aprobación

División Norteamericana

Welding (NAD) AY Honor.png
Soldadura
Actividades vocacionales
Nivel de destreza
123
Autoridad de aprobación
División Norteamericana
Año de introducción
1978
Vea también



Se requiere un instructor calificado de soldadura.

La especialidad de Soldadura es quizás de todas las especialidades JA la que tiene el mayor potencial de causar heridas. Si se hace incorrectamente, también puede crear equipo inseguro (vea la nota de requisitos al final) No intente enseñarse solo como soldar. Se necesita un instructor experimentado para esta especialidad.

1

Completar con éxito un mínimo de tres horas de instrucción.*




2

Identificar las siguientes herramientas:



2a

Careta de soldar




2b

Alambre de soldadura GMAW




2c

Fuente de alimentación SMAW




2d

Regulador de gas de soldadura




2e

Antorchas de soldadura GMAW




2f

Enchufe de 220 voltios




2g

Antorcha de plasma





3

Explicar los siguientes términos:



3a

Soldadura por fusión




3b

Electrodo




3c

Oxidación




3d

Escoria




3e

Aleación





4

Escoger y describir un proceso de soldadura por fusión.



4a

¿Cómo se genera el calor?




4b

¿Por qué se agrega el metal de aportación?




4c

Describir cómo el metal fundido está protegido de la oxidación.





5

Nombrar por lo menos un proceso de corte térmico y otro mecánico.



5a

Describir cómo funciona cada uno.




5b

Discutir las ventajas y limitaciones relativas de cada uno.





6

Demostrar un conocimiento de los riesgos y peligros asociados con la soldadura y el corte, y los pasos para prevenirlos o reducirlos.



6a

Corriente eléctrica




6b

Temperaturas altas




6c

Radiación ultravioleta




6d

Vapores tóxicos




6e

Maquinaria en movimiento/con hojas de cortar




6f

Gases de alta presión





7

Describir el equipo de seguridad requerido para varios procesos de soldadura y corte por fusión.



7a

Protección para la cabeza/los ojos




7b

Vestimenta




7c

Guantes




7d

Oídos




7e

Filtración/ventilación





8

Para el proceso de soldadura GMAW o SMAW, demostrar la capacidad de usar las pautas de la soldadura, tales como las tablas de manuales, para seleccionar los parámetros adecuados del proceso de soldadura, incluyendo el amperaje adecuado y el tipo/tamaño de electrodo para varios tipos y espesores de un metal seleccionado.




9

Explicar y demostrar el arreglo adecuado del equipo y la selección de consumibles para por lo menos un proceso de soldadura.




10

Describir todos los componentes del equipo a utilizar y su función.




11

Usando los procesos designados, realizar lo siguiente:



11a

Hacer un corte recto de por lo menos tres pulgadas (7.5 cm) de largo en acero al carbono o en aluminio




11b

Soldadura por arco con electrodo metálico revestido (SMAW)



11bi

Hacer dos cordones de soldaduras por lo menos dos pulgadas (5 cm) de longitud total




11bii

Hacer una soldadura de ranura cuadrada en la posición plana




11biii

Hacer una soldadura de una esquina en la posición plana





11c

Soldadura por arco de metal y gas (GMAW)



11ci

Hacer dos cordones de soldaduras por lo menos dos pulgadas (5 cm) de longitud total




11cii

Hacer una soldadura de ranura cuadrada en la posición plana




11ciii

Hacer una soldadura solapada en la posición plana






Nota

*Debe pasar un examen de conocimiento al finalizar.
^ Estos son los requisitos mínimos; se recomienda soldadura adicional




Referencias