AY Honors/Wood Handicraft/Answer Key

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1. Identify at least five common kinds of wood, such as pine, walnut, oak, and cedar.

Pine

Pine

Pines is among the most commercially important genus of tree, valued for its timber and wood pulp throughout the world. Pine wood is widely used in high-value carpentry items such as furniture, window frames, paneling and floors. Pine is readily available at commercial lumberyards, being among the least expensive forms of lumber. Pine is light yellow to white with a reddish tinge. It darkens to an orange tint with age. The wood is soft and easily shaped with both hand and power tools, making it a very popular choice for wood craft.

Walnut

Walnut

The Persian Walnut, and the Black Walnut and its allies, are important for their attractive timber, which is hard, dense, tight-grained and polishes to a very smooth finish. The colour ranges from creamy white in the sapwood to a dark chocolate colour in the heartwood. When kiln-dried, walnut wood tends toward a dull brown colour, but when air-dried can become a rich purplish-brown. Because of its colour, hardness and grain it is a prized furniture and carving wood. Walnut burls (or 'burrs' in Europe) are commonly used to create bowls and other turned pieces. Veneer sliced from walnut burl is one of the most valuable and highly prized by cabinet makers and prestige car manufacturers.

Walnut is an expensive lumber not usually available at the usual lumberyards (Home Depot, Lowes, etc). One generally has to buy it at a specialty hardwood lumber store.

Oak

Oak has very attractive grain markings, particularly when quarter-sawn. Wide, quarter-sawn boards of oak have been prized since the Middle Ages for use in interior paneling of prestigious buildings such as the debating chamber of the British House of Commons in London, England, and in the construction of fine furniture. Today oakwood is still commonly used for furniture making and flooring, timber frame buildings, and for veneer production.

Oak is a very hard, strong, and durable wood. It is not easily worked when cured, and is thus not a good choice for the beginning wood crafter. However, in the hands of a skilled craftsman, it is an excellent choice, holding carving detail well over very long periods of time.

Cedar


Maple


Fir


Cherry


Ash


Beech


2. Know the characteristics for the woods identified, and know one use for each example.

3. What is the difference between hard and soft wood?

4. Know how to properly use the following tools in wood handicrafts:

a. Coping saw

b. Rasp

c. Plane

d. Knife

e. Chisel

f. Sanding block

5. Know at least two safety procedures for each of the above tools.

6. Cut out, assemble, and finish animal bookends or doorstop.

7. Cut out and finish a garden stake or lawn marker, using a design such as a child, bird, flower, or tree.

8. Make a plaque, tray, notebook cover, or some other useful object in which wood burning is used.