View source for AY Honors/Camping Skills II/Answer Key

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<!-- 1. Be at least in the 6th grade. -->
{{ay camping grade level|II|6}}

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<!-- 2. Develop a personal philosophy of outdoor etiquette, such as courtesy to other campers and outdoor conservation. -->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Etiquette}}

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<!-- 3. Know and understand the following six W's for the selection of a good campsite: Wind, Water, Weather, Wild things, Wood, Willingness. -->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Choosing a campsite}}

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<!-- 4. Demonstrate your ability to protect the wilderness and your water source by proper personal hygiene and cooking sanitation. -->
Going on a camping trip does not absolve you from the need for hygiene and sanitation – it merely makes it a little less convenient. If you are camping on an established campground, use the toilet facilities provided. Otherwise, you will have to provide your own facilities. If you are camping with a small group, this can be as simple as digging a cat hole (no more than {{units|10 cm|4 inches}} deep, depositing your waste in the hole, and burying it again. A hole of this depth will be occupied by a myriad of bacterial life which will take care of the rest for you. If camping with a larger group, you will need to dig a latrine. Whether using cat holes or a latrine, make sure they are dug at least {{units|60 meters|200 feet}} from any water source.

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When cooking, be sure to clean your dishes and kitchen area immediately after use. Again, how you do this depends on the size of your group. When camping with a small group, wipe all dishes, pots, pans, and utensils as clean as you can with paper towels. Burn the paper towels. Then you can scrub the dishes out with clean sand and rinse them off. When camping with a large group, you will need to establish a dish washing area. Fill two tubs with water – use hot water if possible (and it almost always is). You can boil a small quantity of water and add it to a larger volume of cold water, and this will do nicely. One of these tubs will be for washing, the other for rinsing. You can optionally use a third tub for pre-rinsing, which will eliminate the need to wipe the dishes with a paper towel before washing. Add {{units|15 ml|one tablespoon}} of bleach to the rinse water. Wipe the dishes as clean as you can first (or pre-rinse them), ''then'' wash them in the first tub with dish soap. Then rinse. Wash the eating dishes first, followed by the cooking dishes. When finished, dispose of the "grey water" as directed by campground management (if on a campground). Otherwise, dispose of the grey water at least {{units|60 meters|200 feet}} from any water source.

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<!-- 5. Participate in a weekend campout. -->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Participate in a weekend campout}}

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<!-- 6. Take part in a camp worship service to include one of the following: -->
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Bring a song book, or sing from memory. If your group has any musicians, encourage them to bring any portable instruments along (guitar, ukulele, recorder, harmonica, etc.). Even kazoos can be pressed into service.
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Prepare ahead of time. You can download the Teacher's Lesson for the Junior's Sabbath School from http://powerpoints.adventist.org if desired.
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Make sure the story has an aim. A story with a moral lesson is an essential part of a worship service. A story without an aim is entertainment. If you can coordinate the story with the lesson, all the better.
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A "worship thought" can be a short sermon. One way to do this is to take a Bible story, figure out what the underlying message of that story is, and expound upon it. Read what Ellen White may have had to say about it (''The Desire of Ages'' follows the gospels), or consult a Bible Commentary set. If you do not have one, perhaps your church, school, or pastor does.

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<!-- 7. Know how to safely light and use a camp stove and lantern. -->
This will depend a lot on the type of stove or lantern you have. Most camp stoves and lanterns these days use small propane canisters. Make sure the canister is connected properly. Then light a stove lighter (these are long-stemmed butane lighters) near the burner of mantle. Only after the flame is going should you turn on the gas. If you turn on the gas before you light the flame, the gas can build up and you'll have a small (or large!) fireball to contend with. This can be very dangerous. If you have trouble, turn the gas off and let it dissipate before attempting again. Once the stove or lantern lights, adjust the flame or brightness as desired.

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<!-- 8. Know safety rules and demonstrate your ability to properly cut firewood. Demonstrate how to break dead wood properly. -->
While firewood can be cut with an axe, it takes much less effort, and less wood goes to waste if it is cut with a saw. To do this, prop one end of the to-be cut log off the ground. This can be done by laying it on a rock, on another log, or on anything strong enough to hold its weight. The end of the log should protrude past the support, and the log should be sawn just past this point. If you try to cut a log between the support and the ground, the weight of the log cause the log to sag as it is cut, and this will pinch the saw blade. If you make the cut past the support, the weight of the log will open the saw cut making it easier to saw through.

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Dead wood can also be broken instead of sawn. This is often easier and quicker than sawing it, but care must be taken to do this properly, and it can only be done on smaller logs - up to {{units|7 cm|3 inches}} in diameter or so. To do this, again, the log is propped up on a support on one end, while the other end lies on the ground. Then the camper brings his foot down sharply about 12-18 inches (30-45 cm) from the support, between the support and the ground. Be careful to keep your footing while doing this, and watch that the ends of the log do not fly off.

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<!-- 9. Using fuzz sticks or shaved sticks, build and know the use of a council or criss cross fire and one type of cooking fire. Review firebuilding safety rules. -->
===Fuzz sticks=== <!--T:60-->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Fire/Fuzz sticks}}
===Council fire===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Fire/Council}}
===Hunter's fire===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Fire/Hunters}}
===Fire safety===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Fire/Fire safety}}

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<!-- 10. Explain two ways to keep camp food cool. -->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Keeping food cool}}

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<!-- 11. Build two different camp cranes. -->

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{|

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|[[Image:Camp Cooking Pot Hook.svg|frame|left|Pot Hanger]]A pot hanger or pot hook can be used to hang a cooking pot from a crane. This makes it easier to remove the pot without having to slide the hanging handle all the way to the end of the crane. This is particularly useful if you've built a crane that is supported on both sides of the fire. Carve a notch in a forked branch as shown to hang your cooking pot from a crane.
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|[[Image:Camp Cooking Pot Hook with Hand.svg|frame|left|Pot Hook]]A pot hook can also be used to place your cooking pot on the crane, or remove it from the crane while keeping your hand further from the heat. A notched branch could also be used.

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|[[Image:Camp Cooking Crane 01.svg|frame|left|Simple Crane]]This crane is the most simple of cranes. A long stick with a weight on the back propped over a log or rock will work fine. Feel free to use whatever is handy for propping up a crane. A large rock or two work as well as a log for this crane.

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|[[Image:Camp Cooking Crane 02.svg|frame|left|Adjustable Crane]]This crane allows for adjusting the heat of cooking by raising or lowering the cooking pot over the fire. By spiraling the piece of rope around the large stick, you can raise and lower the pot by twisting the stick to wind on more rope, or release more rope. The tripod could also be a forked branch driven into the ground.

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|[[Image:Camp Cooking Crane 03.svg|frame|left|Simple Crane]]A simple crane with a forked branch driven into the ground for support will work in areas where the soil is soft. Use a weight (Rock) to hold the crane down if the ground is too hard to drive the stick into for support.

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|[[Image:Camp Cooking Crane 04.svg|frame|left|Double Support Crane]]This crane supported on both sides of the fire is a popular choice and provides a stable crane. As seen on the right hand forked branch, use a small pile of rocks to hold the vertical supports where the ground is too hard to drive in a branch.

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The pictures here are worth many thousands of words. A simple crane propped on a forked stick will hold a cooking container over a fire. It is best to use green wood for any sticks that will be close to the fire, as green wood will resist catching fire better than a dry stick. Be sure to secure any vertical members so that the crane will not fall over when you hang the pot on it. Drive them deeply into the ground, or pin them in place with large rocks. Test the crane before committing your soup to it. If the pot topples, you will extinguish your fire ''and'' lose your soup in one sad incident. But at least you'll have a story to tell.

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<!-- 12. Prepare camp meals using boiling, frying, and baking. -->
===Boiling=== <!--T:66-->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Boiling}}
===Frying===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Frying}}
===Baking===
{{:AY Honors/Camping/Baking}}

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<!-- 13. Demonstrate tent site selection. Properly pitch and strike a tent. What precautions should be taken when striking a wet tent? Properly clean, dry, and store a tent. -->
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Find an area that is large enough to pitch your tent and that is also flat. It is difficult to sleep on an incline. Avoid ridge tops as they will be windy and there is significant lightning danger there. Likewise avoid dry stream beds, especially in desert areas. Flash floods can be caused by rains many, many miles away. If camping near a river, camp above the high water line. The river may rise in the night. You can determine the high water line by observing trees on the river bank - they will have debris in the lower branches deposited there by flood waters. Camp on the lee side of a hill to avoid the wind.

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Carefully examine the space above your tent site, making sure there are no dead branches, icicles, coconuts, or anything else that could fall on the tent and cause harm.

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{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Pitch and strike a tent}}

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Sweep the tent out before striking it. Remove muddy shoes before entering a tent, or take them off as soon as you enter the door. You can clean the floor in front of the door with paper towels. A stiff broom will also clean most debris from the walls, but you may need to use water and a mild detergent (such as dishwashing soap) to clean messes deposited by birds.

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<!-- 14. Bedding: -->
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If your sleeping bag came with a stuff sack, all you have to do is stuff it in. It's really that simple. If it did not come with one, you can purchase one separately. Otherwise, you'll have to roll it up. That's a little more difficult, but not that hard. First check for the tie-strings. They are usually at the foot of the bag. Zip the sleeping bag closed and fold it in half lengthwise with the tie-strings down - one tie string will be located near the center of the bottom, and the other will be located near the edge. Then go to the end opposite the tie strings and start rolling, keeping it tight as you go. When you get to the end, draw the tie strings around the bag and tie them with a shoelace knot.

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The most important thing you can do to keep your sleeping bag dry is to keep it in the tent and keep the tent door closed. Take off your shoes when you enter the tent (or before going in) so you do not track water all over the place. Keep your sleeping bag on your sleeping pad, as this will raise it off the floor slightly so that any water that drips off wet clothing cannot reach it.

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Turn the sleeping bag inside-out, throw it over a clothesline, and beat it with a stick. Unzip it and let it air out completely. Do not put a sleeping bag in a washing machine unless the washing instructions on the bag specifically say that you can. A washing machine will crush the fibers inside, reducing the insulation and padding value. A bed roll can be shaken vigorously like a rug, and it can also be beaten with a stick after hanging it on a clothesline.

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<!-- Note: The tent color for Camping Skills #2 patch is red. -->
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Colors}}

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==References== <!--T:35-->
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
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