Difference between revisions of "AY Honors/Waterfalls/Answer Key"

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{{nofootnotes|date=January 2008}}
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{{HonorSubpage}}
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{{refimprove|date=January 2008}}
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<!--{{Honor_Master|honor=Waterfalls|master=Naturalist|group=Flora}}-->
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<section begin="Body" />
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1}}
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:30-->
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</noinclude>
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<!-- 1. Define the following types of waterfalls and give one example of each. -->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=1a}}
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:31-->
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In a block waterfall, water descends from a relatively wide stream or river.
 +
<gallery>
 +
File:AguaAzulMexico1.jpg| Agua Azul - Chiapas, Mexico
 +
File:MillstreamFalls 4467.jpg|Millstream Falls - Queensland, Australia
 +
File:Niag715.jpg|Niagara Falls - Ontario, Canada
 +
</gallery>
  
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{{otheruses}}
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<!--T:32-->
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[[Image:Iguacu-004.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Iguazu Falls]] in [[Brazil]].]]
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<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
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A '''waterfall''' is usually a [[geology|geological]] [[geologic formation|formation]] resulting from water, often in the form of a [[stream]], flowing over an [[erosion]]-resistant rock formation that forms a sudden break in elevation or [[nickpoint]].  
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:33-->
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</noinclude>
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In a cascade waterfall, water descends a series of rock steps.
  
−
Some waterfalls form in [[mountain]] environments where the [[erosion|erosive water force]] is high and stream courses may be subject to sudden and catastrophic change. In such cases, the waterfall may not be the end product of many years of water action over a region, but rather the result of relatively sudden geological processes such as [[landslide]]s, [[Geologic fault|fault]]s or [[volcano|volcanic action]].
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</noinclude>
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In a horsetail waterfall, descending water maintains some contact with bedrock.
  
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Waterfalls may also be artificial, and they are sometimes created as [[garden]] and [[landscape]] ornaments.
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</noinclude>
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In a plunge waterfall, water descends vertically, losing contact with the bedrock surface.
  
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<noinclude></noinclude>==Formation ==
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<!--T:38-->
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[[Image:Waterfall formation23.png|thumb|350px|right|Formation of a waterfall]]
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<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
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Typically, a river flows over a large step in the rocks which may have been formed by a fault line. Over a period of years, the edges of this shelf will gradually break away and the waterfall will steadily retreat upstream, creating a [[gorge]] of recession. Often, the rock [[stratum]] just below the more resistant shelf will be of a softer type, meaning undercutting, due to splashback, will occur here to form a shallow cave-like formation known as a [[rock shelter]] or plunge pool under and behind the waterfall. Eventually, the [[outcrop]]ping, more resistant cap rock will collapse under pressure to add blocks of rock to the base of the waterfall. These blocks of rock are then broken down into smaller boulders by [[attrition]] as they collide with each other, and they also erode the base of the waterfall by [[abrasion]], creating a deep [[plunge pool]].
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</noinclude>
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In a segmented waterfall, distinctly separate flows of water form as it descends.
  
−
Streams become wider and more shallow just above waterfalls due to flowing over the rock shelf, and there is usually a deep pool just below the waterfall because of the [[kinetic energy]] of the water hitting the bottom.
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</noinclude>
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In a tiered waterfall, water drops in a series of distinct steps or falls.
 +
{{Todo|Add galleries for all types listed}}
  
−
Waterfalls can occur along the edge of [[glacial trough]], whereby a stream or river flowing into a [[glacier]] continues to flow into a valley after the [[glacier]] has receded or melted.  The large waterfalls in [[Yosemite Valley]] are examples of this phenomenon. The rivers are flowing from [[hanging valley]]s.
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:43-->
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</noinclude>
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<!-- 2. Choose 10 waterfalls, including 2 from near the area or state in which you live, and list the following information about them: Name, Total Height, Waterfall Type, Watercourse, Location. -->
  
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==Classifying Waterfalls==
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<!--T:8-->
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[[Image:Fulmer Falls Closeup 3000px.jpg|thumb|[[Fulmer Falls]].]]
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The two from your area will depend on your area. Here is an example to start your research with:
−
'''[[The International Waterfall Classification]]''' System is the generally accepted scientific method of classifying the world's waterfalls.  Waterfalls are grouped into 10 broad classes based on the average volume of water present on the fall using a logarithmic scale. Class 10 waterfalls include Niagara Falls, Paulo Alfonso Falls and Khone Falls.  Class designations of other well known waterfalls include Victoria Falls and Kaieteur Falls (Class 9); Rhine Falls, Gullfoss and Sutherland Falls (Class 8); Angel Falls and Dettifoss (Class 7); Yosemite Falls and Lower Yellowstone Falls (Class 6).  Source: International Waterfall Classification System (Outskirts Press 2006)
 
  
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==Types of waterfalls==<!-- This section is linked from [[Hyrule]] -->
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<!--T:9-->
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[[Image:Havasu Falls 1a md.jpg|thumb|250px|left|[[Havasu Falls]], near Supai, [[Arizona]], is an example of a plunge waterfall]]
+
'''Name:''' '''Niagara Falls''' is actually three falls. From largest to smallest, the three waterfalls are the Horseshoe Falls, the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls. The Horseshoe Falls lie on the Canadian side and the American Falls on the American side, separated by Goat Island. The smaller Bridal Veil Falls are also located on the American side, separated from the other waterfalls by Luna Island. The international boundary line was originally drawn through Horseshoe Falls in 1819, but the boundary has long been in dispute due to natural erosion and construction.
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[[Image:Dark Hollow Falls.jpg|thumb|250px|left|Dark Hollow Falls, near [[Skyline Drive]], [[Virginia]], is an example of cascade waterfall]]
 
−
[[Image:Powerscourt HPIM1262.JPG|thumb|250px|left|[[Powerscourt Waterfall]], near [[Enniskerry]], [[County Wicklow|Wicklow County]], [[Ireland]], is an example of a horsetail waterfall]]
 
−
[[Image:Kakadu 2432.jpg|thumb|left|250px|[[Kakadu National Park]]]]
 
−
* '''Block''': Water descends from a relatively wide stream or river.
 
−
* '''Cascade''': Water descends a series of rock steps.
 
−
* '''Cataract''': A large waterfall.
 
−
* '''Fan''': Water spreads horizontally as it descends while remaining in contact with [[bedrock]].
 
−
* '''Horsetail''': Descending water maintains some contact with bedrock.
 
−
* '''Plunge''': Water descends vertically, losing contact with the bedrock surface.
 
−
* '''Punchbowl''': Water descends in a constricted form, then spreads out in a wider pool.
 
−
* '''Segmented''': Distinctly separate flows of water form as it descends.
 
−
* '''Tiered''': Water drops in a series of distinct steps or falls.
 
−
* '''Multi-step''': A series of waterfalls one after another of roughly the same size each with its own sunken plunge pool.
 
  
−
==Examples of large waterfalls==
+
<!--T:10-->
 +
'''Total Height:''' vertical drop of more than 165 feet (50 m)
  
−
:{{main|List of waterfalls}}
+
<!--T:11-->
−
Significant waterfalls include these alphabetically:
+
'''Waterfall Type:''' Block
−
* [[Angel Falls]], the world's highest at 979 [[metre]]s (3212 [[Foot (unit of length)|feet]]), in [[Venezuela]]
 
−
* [[Bridalveil Fall (Yosemite)|Bridalveil Fall]], California - 189 m (620 ft) high: sheer drop when flowing
 
−
* [[Cascata delle Marmore]] in [[Italy]] is the tallest man-made waterfall in the world
 
−
* [[Cautley Spout ]] at 175 m (580 ft) is the tallest waterfall in the [[United Kingdom]]
 
−
* [[Gocta]], the fifth-highest in the world at 771 m (2533 ft), located in the province [[Chachapoyas Province|Chachapoyas]], [[Peru]]
 
−
* [[Kaieteur Falls]], (Potaro River in central Guyana) located in the Kaieteur National Park, a region that is also claimed by Venezuela. It is 226 m (741 ft)
 
−
* [[High Force]] on the [[River Tees]] is one of the tallest waterfalls in England
 
−
* [[Iguazu Falls]], a tall and extremely wide fall located in [[South America]] on the [[Argentina]]/[[Brazil]] border
 
−
* [[Jog Falls]], India's eighth-highest (listed as 313 ranking on the World Waterfall Database), located in [[Karnataka]] state, [[India]]
 
−
* [[Jurong Falls]] in [[Singapore]] is the tallest artificial waterfall in Asia
 
−
* [[Multnomah Falls]]: {{convert|611|ft|m|0}} high 30ft wide
 
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* [[Niagara Falls]] is the most powerful falls in North America
 
−
* [[Ramnefjellsfossen]], the world's third-highest at 808 m (2685 ft), at [[Stryn]], Nesdalen, Norway
 
−
* [[Rhine Falls]], Europe's largest, located in [[Switzerland]]
 
−
* [[Tugela Falls]], the world's second-highest at 947 m (3110 ft), in [[KwaZulu-Natal]] province, Republic of [[South Africa]]
 
−
* [[Victoria Falls]], the largest waterfall in the world, over a [[mile]] long and located on the [[Zambezi]] river on the border of [[Zimbabwe]] and [[Zambia]].
 
−
* [[Yosemite Falls]], arguably the tallest in [[North America]], located in [[Yosemite National Park]], [[United States]]
 
−
* [[Krimmler Falls]], Europe's tallest waterfalls, height: 390 m, located in [[Krimml]], [[Salzburg]], [[Austria]]
 
  
−
Oluminrin Water Falls at Erin Ijesa, Oriade Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria: This is a seven steps waterfalls from the top of the mountain to the bottom. Although, the height of the fall is yet to be determined. It is a tourist attraction in Nigeria.
+
<!--T:12-->
 +
'''Watercourse:''' Niagara River
  
−
== See also ==
+
<!--T:13-->
−
*[[Stream pool]]
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'''Location:''' Between Niagara Falls, Ontario and Niagara Falls, New York.
−
*[[Water feature]]
 
−
*[[Tributary]]
 
  
−
==External links==
+
<!--T:44-->
−
{{commons|waterfall}}
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
−
*[http://www.world-waterfalls.com/ World Waterfall Database]
+
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 2 -->
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*[http://www.worldwaterfalls.com/ WorldWaterfalls.com - Waterfall images and info, detailed waterfall types page]
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3}}
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*[http://www.iceland.pl/artyk/050930artyk1.html Classification of waterfalls (Polish)]
+
<noinclude><translate><!--T:45-->
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*[http://www.mapicurious.com/waterfalls GPS locations to waterfalls (mainly in Southeastern United States)]
+
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 3. Complete two of the following activities. -->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3a}}
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:46-->
 +
</noinclude>
  
−
[[Category:Waterfalls|*]]
+
<!--T:15-->
−
[[Category:Ecotourism]]
+
Field trips are always fun. Maybe this visit could count toward the [[AY Honors/Hiking|Hiking Honor]]. That honor requires keeping a record of your hikes so this fits very well. Happy waterfall viewing.
  
−
[[ar:شلال]]
+
<!--T:47-->
−
[[zh-min-nan:Chúi-chhiâng]]
+
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
−
[[bg:Водопад]]
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3a -->
−
[[ca:Cascada]]
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3b}} <!--T:16-->
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[[cy:Rhaeadr]]
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:48-->
−
[[cs:Vodopád]]
+
</noinclude>
−
[[da:Vandfald]]
+
 
−
[[de:Wasserfall]]
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<!--T:17-->
−
[[et:Juga]]
+
This information should be similar to the example under #2. Don't forget that the eco-system around the waterfall can be just as interesting as the basic statistics of the waterfall itself.
−
[[el:Καταρράκτης]]
+
 
−
[[es:Cascada]]
+
<!--T:49-->
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[[eo:Akvofalo]]
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<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
−
[[eu:Ur-jauzi]]
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3b -->
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[[fa:آبشار]]
+
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3c}} <!--T:18-->
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[[fr:Chute d'eau]]
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:50-->
−
[[gd:Eas]]
+
</noinclude>
−
[[gl:Fervenza]]
+
 
−
[[gu:ધોધ]]
+
<!--T:19-->
−
[[ko:폭포]]
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The intent is a meaningful video - not just a 2 minute tourist video.
−
[[hi:झरना]]
+
 
−
[[id:Air terjun]]
+
<!--T:51-->
−
[[iu:ᖁᖅᓗᕐᓂᖅ/quqlurniq]]
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<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
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[[is:Foss]]
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3c -->
−
[[it:Cascata]]
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3d}} <!--T:21-->
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[[he:מפל מים]]
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:52-->
−
[[la:Aqua cadens]]
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</noinclude>
−
[[lt:Krioklys]]
+
 
−
[[nl:Waterval]]
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<!--T:22-->
−
[[ja:滝]]
+
This could be a paper scrapbook (a good project for the [[AY Honors/Scrapbooking|Scrapbooking Honor]] or perhaps an online "scrapbook" on a webpage. The info gathered for requirement #2 is a good place to start. Have fun.
−
[[no:Foss]]
+
 
−
[[nn:Foss]]
+
<!--T:53-->
−
[[pl:Wodospad]]
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<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
−
[[pt:Queda de água]]
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3d -->
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[[ro:Cascadă]]
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=3e}} <!--T:23-->
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[[qu:Phaqcha]]
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:54-->
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[[ru:Водопад]]
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</noinclude>
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[[simple:Waterfall]]
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*Angel/Tallest waterfall in the world at 3212 feet.
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[[sk:Vodopád]]
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*Browne/Tallest waterfall in New Zealand.
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[[sl:Slap]]
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*Dettifoss/Waterfall flowing from a glacier in Iceland.
−
[[sr:Водопад]]
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*Havasu/Waterfall on an Indian reservation in Arizona.
−
[[su:Curug]]
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*Huangguoshu/Largest waterfall in China.
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[[fi:Vesiputous]]
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*Iguazu/275 falls on the border of Argentina and Brazil.
−
[[sv:Vattenfall]]
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*Langfoss/Giant cascade in Norway, falling 2008 feet.
−
[[ta:அருவி]]
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*Mardalsfossen/Well known tiered waterfall in Norway.
−
[[vi:Thác]]
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*Multnomah/Tiered waterfall along the Columbia Gorge in Oregon.
−
[[chr:ᎠᎹᏍᎧᎦᎯ]]
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*Niagara/Most powerful waterfall in North America.
−
[[tr:Şelâle]]
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*Shomyo/Tallest year-round falls in Japan.
−
[[uk:Водоспад]]
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*Takkakaw/Cree Indian name for a waterfall in British Columbia.
−
[[ur:آبشار]]
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*Tugela/2nd tallest waterfall in the world, found in South Africa.
−
[[zh:瀑布]]
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*Victoria/Largest waterfall in the world.
 +
*Yosemite/Popular tourist attraction in a National Park in California.
 +
*Yumbilla/5th tallest waterfall in the world, 2nd tallest in Peru.
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3e -->
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 3 -->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:55-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
<!-- 4. Water is mentioned in each of the following verses. Describe what is happening in each verse, then tell what the water symbolizes. -->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4a}}
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:56-->
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</noinclude>
 +
{{Bible verse
 +
|book = John
 +
|chapter = 9
 +
|verse = 11
 +
|version = NKJV
 +
|text=
 +
He answered and said, “A Man called Jesus made clay and anointed my eyes and said to me, ‘Go to the pool of Siloam and wash.’ So I went and washed, and I received sight.”
 +
}}
 +
In this verse, a man who was born blind was explaining to the Pharisees how he had been healed of his blindness by Jesus. Rather than recognizing the divinity of Jesus, the Pharisees ignore the fact that Jesus had healed the man's blindness, but rather seized on the detail that Jesus had "made clay" which was "in violation of the Sabbath." They were indeed "straining out a gnat and swallowing a camel." (Matt 23:24).
 +
 
 +
<!--T:24-->
 +
The water in this verse represents faith, because the blind man was not healed until he acted on faith and washed as instructed. An immediate parallel is the story of Naaman (2 Kings 5) in which Naaman was not healed of his leperosy until he acted on faith as instructed, and washed in the River Jordan.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:57-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
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{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4a -->
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{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4b}} <!--T:25-->
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<noinclude><translate><!--T:58-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
{{Bible verse
 +
|book = John
 +
|chapter = 13
 +
|verse = 5
 +
|version = NKJV
 +
|text=
 +
After that, He poured water into a basin and began to wash the disciples’ feet, and to wipe them with the towel with which He was girded.
 +
}}
 +
This verse takes place during the Last Supper. The disciples had been arguing among themselves about who of them was the greatest, so none of them wanted to stoop down to serve the others by washing their feet. That was a job for the lowliest servant in a household, not for someone who aspired to the Secretary of the State in the New Kingdom. All of them knew that someone needed to perform this task, but none would. The disciples were greatly embarrassed when they realized that Jesus himself was doing this.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:26-->
 +
The water here represents cleansing from sin. Just as He was the only one willing to take the role of a servant, Jesus Jesus was also the only One able to rid them of their sin.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:59-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4b -->
 +
{{ansreq|page={{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|2|1}}|num=4c}} <!--T:27-->
 +
<noinclude><translate><!--T:60-->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
{{Bible verse
 +
|book = Matthew
 +
|chapter = 3
 +
|verse = 16
 +
|version = NKJV
 +
|text=
 +
When He had been baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting upon Him.
 +
}}
 +
This verse describes the baptism of Jesus. Baptism represents our own death, burial, and resurrection. We die to ourselves, are "buried" in the water (representing the grave), and then resurrected as new, born again Christians. The water is also cleansing us of our old life of sin.
 +
 
 +
<!--T:61-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4c -->
 +
{{CloseReq}} <!-- 4 -->
 +
<noinclude><translate></noinclude>
 +
==References== <!--T:28-->
 +
<noinclude></translate></noinclude>
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Do at home{{GetLangSuffix}}]]
 +
{{CloseHonorPage}}

Latest revision as of 15:41, 3 January 2023

Other languages:
English • ‎español
Waterfalls

Skill Level

1

Year

2011

Version

24.11.2024

Approval authority

General Conference

Waterfalls AY Honor.png
Waterfalls
Nature
Skill Level
123
Approval authority
General Conference
Year of Introduction
2011
See also
Naturalist Master Award


1

Define the following types of waterfalls and give one example of each.


1a

Block


In a block waterfall, water descends from a relatively wide stream or river.

  • Agua Azul - Chiapas, Mexico

  • Millstream Falls - Queensland, Australia

  • Niagara Falls - Ontario, Canada


1b

Cascade


In a cascade waterfall, water descends a series of rock steps.


1c

Horsetail


In a horsetail waterfall, descending water maintains some contact with bedrock.


1d

Plunge


In a plunge waterfall, water descends vertically, losing contact with the bedrock surface.


1e

Segmented


In a segmented waterfall, distinctly separate flows of water form as it descends.


1f

Tiered


In a tiered waterfall, water drops in a series of distinct steps or falls.

To do:
Add galleries for all types listed



2

Choose 10 waterfalls, including 2 from near the area or state in which you live, and list the following information about them: Name, Total Height, Waterfall Type, Watercourse, Location.


The two from your area will depend on your area. Here is an example to start your research with:

Name: Niagara Falls is actually three falls. From largest to smallest, the three waterfalls are the Horseshoe Falls, the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls. The Horseshoe Falls lie on the Canadian side and the American Falls on the American side, separated by Goat Island. The smaller Bridal Veil Falls are also located on the American side, separated from the other waterfalls by Luna Island. The international boundary line was originally drawn through Horseshoe Falls in 1819, but the boundary has long been in dispute due to natural erosion and construction.

Total Height: vertical drop of more than 165 feet (50 m)

Waterfall Type: Block

Watercourse: Niagara River

Location: Between Niagara Falls, Ontario and Niagara Falls, New York.


3

Complete two of the following activities.


3a

Visit a waterfall and write a paragraph telling about your experience.


Field trips are always fun. Maybe this visit could count toward the Hiking Honor. That honor requires keeping a record of your hikes so this fits very well. Happy waterfall viewing.


3b

Choose a waterfall (other than ones in #2) of interest to you and record facts and interesting information about the falls that you have selected.


This information should be similar to the example under #2. Don't forget that the eco-system around the waterfall can be just as interesting as the basic statistics of the waterfall itself.


3c

Watch a video about a waterfall.


The intent is a meaningful video - not just a 2 minute tourist video.


3d

Make a scrapbook about waterfalls. Include pictures of waterfalls and important information about each one. This may be a group project.


This could be a paper scrapbook (a good project for the Scrapbooking Honor or perhaps an online "scrapbook" on a webpage. The info gathered for requirement #2 is a good place to start. Have fun.


3e

Using the information provided, create a crossword or word search puzzle:


  • Angel/Tallest waterfall in the world at 3212 feet.
  • Browne/Tallest waterfall in New Zealand.
  • Dettifoss/Waterfall flowing from a glacier in Iceland.
  • Havasu/Waterfall on an Indian reservation in Arizona.
  • Huangguoshu/Largest waterfall in China.
  • Iguazu/275 falls on the border of Argentina and Brazil.
  • Langfoss/Giant cascade in Norway, falling 2008 feet.
  • Mardalsfossen/Well known tiered waterfall in Norway.
  • Multnomah/Tiered waterfall along the Columbia Gorge in Oregon.
  • Niagara/Most powerful waterfall in North America.
  • Shomyo/Tallest year-round falls in Japan.
  • Takkakaw/Cree Indian name for a waterfall in British Columbia.
  • Tugela/2nd tallest waterfall in the world, found in South Africa.
  • Victoria/Largest waterfall in the world.
  • Yosemite/Popular tourist attraction in a National Park in California.
  • Yumbilla/5th tallest waterfall in the world, 2nd tallest in Peru.



4

Water is mentioned in each of the following verses. Describe what is happening in each verse, then tell what the water symbolizes.


4a

John 9:11



He answered and said, “A Man called Jesus made clay and anointed my eyes and said to me, ‘Go to the pool of Siloam and wash.’ So I went and washed, and I received sight.”
— John 9:11 (NKJV)

In this verse, a man who was born blind was explaining to the Pharisees how he had been healed of his blindness by Jesus. Rather than recognizing the divinity of Jesus, the Pharisees ignore the fact that Jesus had healed the man's blindness, but rather seized on the detail that Jesus had "made clay" which was "in violation of the Sabbath." They were indeed "straining out a gnat and swallowing a camel." (Matt 23:24).

The water in this verse represents faith, because the blind man was not healed until he acted on faith and washed as instructed. An immediate parallel is the story of Naaman (2 Kings 5) in which Naaman was not healed of his leperosy until he acted on faith as instructed, and washed in the River Jordan.


4b

John 13:5



After that, He poured water into a basin and began to wash the disciples’ feet, and to wipe them with the towel with which He was girded.
— John 13:5 (NKJV)

This verse takes place during the Last Supper. The disciples had been arguing among themselves about who of them was the greatest, so none of them wanted to stoop down to serve the others by washing their feet. That was a job for the lowliest servant in a household, not for someone who aspired to the Secretary of the State in the New Kingdom. All of them knew that someone needed to perform this task, but none would. The disciples were greatly embarrassed when they realized that Jesus himself was doing this.

The water here represents cleansing from sin. Just as He was the only one willing to take the role of a servant, Jesus Jesus was also the only One able to rid them of their sin.


4c

Matthew 3:16



When He had been baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting upon Him.
— Matthew 3:16 (NKJV)

This verse describes the baptism of Jesus. Baptism represents our own death, burial, and resurrection. We die to ourselves, are "buried" in the water (representing the grave), and then resurrected as new, born again Christians. The water is also cleansing us of our old life of sin.




References

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